环四甲撑四硝胺(HMX)结构和性质的DFT研究

用密度泛函理论 (DFT)B3LYP方法 ,取 6 - 31G 基组 ,求得环四甲撑四硝胺分子的几何构型、电子结构、IR谱和 2 98～ 12 0 0K的热力学性质 .全优化几何构型和电子结构均具有Ci 对称性 .在相邻原子之间以N -NO2 键的Mulliken集居数最小 ,表明其间电子分布较少 ,预示其为热解和起爆的引发键 .IR谱与实验结果良好相符     

AunXm(n+m=4,X=Cu，Al，Y)混合小团簇的结构和稳定性研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法，优化了Au_nX_m(n+m=4,X=Cu，A l，Y)二元混合团簇的稳定结构.计算了稳定结构的平均结合能、电离势、电子亲和势、最高占据轨道能级和最低空轨道能级及二者间的能隙.结合Mulliken集居数分析研究了二元混合团簇稳定存在的规律，得出掺杂可以增强团簇稳定性的结论. 关键词： 混合团簇 结合能 能隙 分子轨道集居数     

AunXm(n+m=4,X=Cu,Al,Y)混合小团簇的结构和稳定性研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,优化了AunXm(n+m=4,X=Cu,Al,Y)二元混合团簇的稳定结构.计算了稳定结构的平均结合能、电离势、电子亲和势、最高占据轨道能级和最低空轨道能级及二者间的能隙.结合Mulliken集居数分析研究了二元混合团簇稳定存在的规律,得出掺杂可以增强团簇稳定性的结论.     

稀土元素掺杂对VH2解氢性能的影响

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理的平面波超软赝势方法,研究了La, Ce和Pr掺杂对VH₂的 电子结构和解氢性能的影响.计算结果显示La, Ce和Pr掺杂VH₂后晶体模型的费米能级E_f处 电子浓度N (E_f)的增加,表明体系结构稳定性减弱,解氢能力增强; 电子密度计算也显示V-H之间相互作用减弱,解氢能力增强;同时Mulliken布居数计算结果还显示掺杂以后 解氢能力增强与V-d轨道Mulliken布居数减少, V-s轨道Mulliken布居数增加有关.     

α-BeH_2电子结构与光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论,采用赝势平面波方法研究了α-BeH2的结构、电子和光学性质.基态下,α-BeH2晶格常数a和体积弹性模量B0计算值与实验值及其它理论值一致.根据能带理论研究了α-BeH2基态下的能带结构、总态密度(DOS)和分波态密度(PDOS).经过分析发现α-BeH2为直接能隙半导体材料,能隙为5.44eV,与文献相比,本文计算的结果偏低,这主要是利用第一性原理中的局域密度近似(LAD)或广义梯度近似(GGA)交换关联能函数计算材料的带隙宽度或者磁耦合的理论结果均会偏低.通过对基态α-BeH2的Mulliken电荷分布和集居数的分析发现:α-BeH2属于离子键和共价键所形成的混合键化合物;α-BeH2的电荷总数分别来源于H1s轨道,Be2s和2p轨道.同时本文还分析研究了α-BeH2的光学介电函数、吸收系数、复折射率、反射系数和能量损失等光学性质.     

丁酮异构化的势能面分析

用密度泛函理论计算研究了丁酮异构化的势能面. 通过IRC方法确定了丁酮异构化的6个主要反应路径,相应的产物分别为1-丁烯-2-醇、2-丁烯-2-醇、丁醛或1-丁烯-1-醇、丙烯基甲醚、甲基烯丙基醚和乙烯基乙醚. 其中3个路径经过环氧丁烷,表明环氧丁烷是丁酮异构化过程中重要的中间产物. 计算得到的反应物和产物的垂直电离能与现有的实验值吻合得很好. 通过过渡态的相对能量和高能垒的数目比较,认为最可行的丁酮异构化反应路径是丁酮→1-丁烯-2-醇→2-丁烯-2-醇.     

石墨表面吸附钾系统电子性质的理论研究

基于集团模型电荷自洽的EHT(Extended Hückel Tneory)方法对K在石墨(0001)表面吸附态进行了优化计算.在3种不同的覆盖度(Θ)下,对k-石墨系统的电荷转移量△Q、吸附能△E、态密度PDOS和TDOS、Mulliken集居数和成键性质进行了比较.认同K/石墨吸附系统是石墨插层化合物(GIC)的雏型.并用LMTO方法对KC₈完成电子结构的第一性原理研究,得到与EHT完全一致的结果:K4s-Ca杂化态主要位于低能区域远离费米能级,构成反键轨道其电子转移到费米能级附近K3d-Cπ成键的杂化轨道上.空的3d轨道在目前EHT方法和LMTO方法计算中扮演了关键角色.这与其他文献K-4s态处在EF能级的结果不同,但与早期Fischer(1984),Johnson(1986)XPS,ARUPS的实验结果吻合.     

对甲基苯磺酰化丝氨酸Nd(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、表征及热分解反应动力学

合成了对甲基苯磺酰化丝氨酸配体(L)和对甲基苯磺酰化丝氨酸Nd(Ⅲ)配合物。通过元素分析、热分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱和摩尔电导等分析技术,确定配合物的组成为NdL3。用非等温热重分析方法研究了Nd(Ⅲ)配合物的热分解反应动力学,分解反应一步进行,其分解的动力学方程为dα/dt=Aexp(-Ea/RT)(1-α)2,并计算出了该步热分解的活化熵ΔS#、活化吉布斯自由能ΔG#和活化焓ΔH#分别为-86.7674J/mol.K、219.3884kJ/mol、170.9938kJ/mol。     

α-BeH2电子结构与光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论,采用赝势平面波方法研究了α-BeH2的结构、电子和光学性质。基态下,α-BeH2的晶格常数a和体积弹性模量B0计算值与实验值及其它理论值一致。根据能带理论研究了α-BeH2基态下的能带结构、总态密度(DOS)和分波态密度(PDOS)。经过分析发现α-BeH2为直接能隙半导体材料,能隙为5.44eV,与文献相比,本文计算的结果偏低,这主要是利用第一性原理中的局域密度近似(LAD)或广义梯度近似(GGA)交换关联能函数计算材料的带隙宽度或者磁耦合的理论结果均会偏低。通过对基态α-BeH2的Mulliken电荷分布和集居数的分析发现：α-BeH2属于离子键和共价键所形成的混合键化合物;α-BeH2的电荷总数分别来源于各自的H 1s轨道,Be 2s和2p轨道。同时本文还分析研究了α-BeH2的光学介电函数、吸收系数、复折射率、反射系数和能量损失等光学性质。     

多硝基六氮杂金刚烷结构和相对稳定性的理论研究

基于密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/6-31G*水平下分别计算了潜在高能量密度化合物(HEDC)多硝基六氮杂金刚烷(PNHAAs)的结构,包括总能量、几何结构、氧平衡、偶极矩等．通过研究PNHAAs的结构参数,如N-NO2最大键长、N-NO2键的最小Mulliken集居数、-NO2所带最小负电荷、氧平衡,预测了10个标题物的相对稳定性或感度(起爆的难易程度．感度越高,化合物的稳定性越低)．结果发现,这四个参数基本上能得到一致的结论:随着硝基数目的增加,标题物的稳定性降低．氧平衡不能判别同分异构体的相对稳定性,但总能量和偶极矩可较好地判别同分异构体的相对稳定性．     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.