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黄原胶辐射接枝丙烯酸及其耐盐性研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
以60Coγ为辐射源,对黄原胶(XG)和丙烯酸(AA)进行共辐射制备黄原胶/丙烯酸接枝共聚物(XG-g-PAA)。研究了合成条件对产品接枝性及吸水性的影响,并和化学引发得到的接枝物的吸水性及耐盐性进行了比较,用红外光谱及电镜扫描对产品结构进行了表征。结果表明,产品接枝率为130.8%,接枝效率为82.4%,吸去离子水率为815 g/g。它在去离子水、人工尿及质量分数均为0.9%的NaCl水溶液、BaCl2水溶液、FeCl3水溶液、Na2SO4水溶液、尿素水溶液中的吸水率,较经化学引发得到的接枝物分别提高了45.3%、27.3%、20.6%、16.7%、10.2%、20.7%、44.9%。SEM表明,辐射引发较化学引发更易得到多孔疏松的产品,该产品是农用保水剂及卫生用品的良好候选材料。 相似文献
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以过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,水溶液自由基聚合法制备了羧甲基纤维素(CMC)接枝丙烯酸/乙烯基吡咯烷酮(AA/NVP)高吸水性树脂.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱对产物的结构进行了表征,通过平行实验得到了制备的最佳工艺条件,在此条件下,产物的吸水性能为吸收去离子水2 339g/g,吸收生理盐水110g/g.研究了反应条件对产物的接枝率、吸水性能的影响. 相似文献
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粉煤灰-膨润土基保水剂的制备及应用初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以膨润土为基材制备保水剂可以有效提高复合保水剂的吸液性能。当膨润土添加量为5%、粉煤灰添加量为3%、有机单体丙烯酸(AA)8.889 g和丙烯酰胺(AM)1.111 g、中和度为70%时,复合保水剂吸水效果最佳,对蒸馏水、自来水和0.9%的氯化钠注射液的吸液倍率分别为738.5 g/g、312.7 g/g和124.7 g/g,达到了比较理想的保水效果。该复合保水剂在实际土壤中的应用也发现,添加保水剂的土壤保水率较好,种子发芽时间较短,发芽率明显提高,且植株长势较好,耐旱时间增长。 相似文献
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在过氧化氢和亚铁离子组成的氧化还原体系中加入第三组分二氧化硫脲(TD),将单体甲基丙烯酸乙酯(EMA)接枝于纤维素纤维上。探讨了单体EMA用量、过氧化氢用量、TD用量、反应温度、反应时间、去离子水用量等因素对接枝率、接枝效率的影响。结果显示纤维素接枝EMA的最佳工艺条件为:纤维8 g,EMA 6 g,过氧化氢0.02 g,TD 0.5 g,去离子水150 mL,反应温度50℃,反应时间1 h。红外光谱、扫描电镜分析均表明EMA接枝到了纤维素结构上。 相似文献
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以玉米淀粉和丙烯酸为主要原料,采用溶液聚合的方法,制备了淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚物,用FTIR等方法对共聚产物结构进行了表征。研究了在过硫酸钾-硫代硫酸钠组成的氧化-还原引发体系中,引发剂、交联剂不同浓度及丙烯酸不同中和度等因素对共聚产物吸水性能的影响。实验结果表明采用K2S2O8-Na2S2O3引发体系,通过控制引发剂、交联剂浓度,接枝产物吸去离子水可达920 g/g;采用玉米粉代替玉米淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚,产物吸去离子水可达870 g/g;这些实验结果进一步提高了吸水树脂的吸水能力。 相似文献
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废纸浆通过两段碱醚化处理得到醚化纸浆(CMP),以CMP为原料通过接枝丙烯酸(AA)及丙烯酰胺(AM)合成高吸水性树脂。考查制备高吸水性树脂最佳条件,利用红外光谱(IR)、电镜扫描(SEM)对产品结构及表面形态进行分析。结果表明:当纸浆醚化度(DS)为50%,单体与醚化纸浆质量比8:1,交联剂用量为单体质量0.32%,甲醇与水的体积比为6:4时,产品吸水率最高,吸去离子水为639g/g,吸盐水为110g/g。甲醇的加入可提高树脂的吸液能力及吸水速率。 相似文献
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以丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体对黄原胶(XG)进行接枝改性,再以N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,加入凹凸棒黏土,采用溶液聚合法合成了一种新型复合高吸水性树脂。通过单因素试验研究了AA中和度、交联剂用量、引发剂用量、反应温度和凹凸棒黏土用量等因素对该树脂吸水(吸盐水)性能的影响,利用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)仪、热重分析(TGA)仪对其结构和热性能进行了表征。结果表明:制备高吸水性树脂的最佳工艺条件为AA中和度70%,反应温度70℃,w(交联剂)=0.06%,w(APS)=1.0%,w(凹凸棒黏土)=5%;在最佳工艺条件下制备的高吸水性树脂,其最大吸水倍率、吸盐水倍率分别为827、109 g/g。 相似文献
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以交联羧甲基纤维素(CCMC)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N'–亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,通过微波辐射法制备了吸水性树脂丙烯酰胺接枝交联羧甲基纤维素(AM–g–CCMC)。研究了溶液p H值、盐溶液浓度对AM–g–CCMC树脂吸水倍率的影响;同时考察了染料p H值、吸附时间、染料浓度、吸附剂浓度对树脂吸附量[对碱性品红(BF)和亚甲基蓝(MB)]的影响。结果表明,AM–g–CCMC对去离子水和浓度为0.154 mol/L的Na Cl,Ca Cl2,Fe Cl3溶液的最大吸水倍率分别为1 735,165,82,43 g/g;在20℃,浓度0.25 g/L条件下,AM–g–CCMC对BF和MB的最大吸附量分别为370 mg/g和323.4 mg/g。同时对该树脂的循环利用性能进行了初步研究。结果表明,吸附MB的AM–g–CCMC的再生效果略好于吸附BF的树脂。 相似文献
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Shengrong GENG Ruotai LIN Mingli CHEN Shaoyang LIU Yifen WANG 《Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering》2009,3(4):357
Atomic force microscopy technology is gradually spreading to almost all aspects, including food science and technology, since it was first invented in 1986. In this study, this powerful instrument was applied to image nanostructures of three water absorbents—original konjac powder, konjac powder grafted with acrylic acid using 60Co γ-irradiation and regenerated grafted powder. Water absorption capacities and the rates of the three absorbents were also determined in this work. Original konjac powder could only absorb 60 times (w/w) of water, while 270 times for the grafted absorbent and 360 times for the regenerated absorbent. The initial water absorption rates in both tap and distilled water were high, but the rate decreased steeply as time elapsed. After 20min, the absorbent was close to saturated status. These physical properties were in accordance with the nanostructures of these three water absorbents. 相似文献
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Ultraviolet photopolymerization and performances of fast‐water absorbing sodium polyacrylate
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A kind of fast‐water absorbing sodium polyacrylate was prepared by UV polymerization under no crosslinker or initiator condition. Influence of factors, such as exposure time, neutralization degree, polymerization temperature, and monomer concentration on the absorption rate of the resin, were investigated. Its pH sensitivity, average absorption rate in distilled water and saline under load were also studied, respectively. The obtained resin reached to considerably high absorption rate: 4.6 g/g min and 2.6 g/g min even under 8000 Pa load in distilled water and 0.9% NaCl solution, respectively. Simultaneously, the resin displayed excellent water absorbency and water retention capacity. The impact of pH value on absorption rate reflected that the absorption rate was greatly influenced by pH. Synthesized polymer was characterized by FTIR, 1H‐NMR, and SEM. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42787. 相似文献
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Shengrong Geng Ruotai Lin Mingli Chen Shaoyang Liu Yifen Wang 《Frontiers of Chemical Engineering in China》2009,3(4):357-362
Atomic force microscopy technology is gradually spreading to almost all aspects, including food science and technology, since
it was first invented in 1986. In this study, this powerful instrument was applied to image nanostructures of three water
absorbents-original konjac powder, konjac powder grafted with acrylic acid using 60Co γ-irradiation and regenerated grafted powder. Water absorption capacities and the rates of the three absorbents were also
determined in this work. Original konjac powder could only absorb 60 times (w/w) of water, while 270 times for the grafted
absorbent and 360 times for the regenerated absorbent. The initial water absorption rates in both tap and distilled water
were high, but the rate decreased steeply as time elapsed. After 20 min, the absorbent was close to saturated status. These
physical properties were in accordance with the nanostructures of these three water absorbents. 相似文献
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反相悬浮法制备高耐盐性吸水树脂的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以环己烷为分散介质,吐温80为分散剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用反相悬浮共聚合成AA/AM高耐盐性树脂,研究了单体、引发剂、交联剂、中和度、分散剂等对树脂吸液性能的影响,得到最佳工艺条件下产物在蒸馏水和生理盐水中的吸液率分别为1092g·g-1和171g·g-1,该产品具有良好的热稳定性和保水能力。 相似文献