铝基体β-PbO2-WC-TiO2-CeO2-ZrO2-SnO2电沉积层的工艺优选

为了探讨铝基体电沉积β-PbO2复合层的合适工艺,采用正交试验对电沉积β-PbO2-WC-TiO2-CeO2-ZrO2-SnO2复合层的工艺条件进行了优选,以镀层的表面形貌指数、锌沉积阳极槽电压为指标,确定了其最佳参数：4g／LSnO2,0g／LCeO2,4g／LWC,2g／LZrO2,2g／L TiO2;沉积时间4h,温度50℃,pH值1．5,阳极电流密度3A／dm2。结果表明：以最佳工艺沉积的β-PbO2复合层作锌电积阳极,寿命比α-PbO2镀层的长。     

Li_2S-GeS_2-LiI和Li_2S-GeS_2-LiBr-LiI系统玻璃的电导率

实验得知0.5Li_2S-0.5GeS_2玻璃的电导率高于0.4Li_2S-0.6GeS_2玻璃的电导率。当在这两种组成的玻璃中分别掺杂 LiI 后,则后者的电导率可高于前者。在0.4Li_2S-0.6GeS_2玻璃中同时掺杂LiBr 和 LiI 后,其电导率约为掺杂一种同量盐玻璃电导率的两倍。本文用弱电解质理论解释了Li_2S-GeS_2玻璃经掺杂 LiBr 和 LiI 后电导率变化的原因。     

SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2涂层的制备及其特性

用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel method)在不锈钢表面制备了 SiO\-2-TiO\-2-ZrO\-2系无机氧化膜(STZ).用DTA/TG、IR、XRD和SEM等手段研究了涂层制备时由凝胶向玻璃态的转变以及涂层薄膜的显微结构特点,考察了涂层对基体的保护效果. 试验结果表明,在溶胶至凝胶最终转变为无机氧化物的过程中形成了无机网络,Si4+ 和Zr4+充当了网络骨架的形成离子.涂层为无定型玻璃态,其间混有石英、锐钛矿或金红石等微晶.     

MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-Y2O3玻璃的弹性模量

根据硬盘基板用材料的要求,制备了MgO-A12Oa-SiO2-TiO2-Y2Oa高弹性模量玻璃(120GPa).玻璃的弹性模量随组成的变化服从Makishima-Mackenzie理论,MgO、A12O3、TiO2、Y2O3等具有较高单位体积离解能的氧化物有利于提高玻璃的弹性模量.但玻璃弹性模量的理论计算值低于测试值.这是因为Makishima-Mackenzie理论没有考虑玻璃内阳离子的具体配位状态,对MgO、Y2O3堆积密度因子的推导存在误差.因此利用Makishima-Mackenzie理论发展高弹性模量玻璃时应对MgO、Y2O3等氧化物的计算进行修正.     

SiO_2溶胶含量对Al_2O_3-SiO_2-TiO_2复合膜的影响

采用不同配比的Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2溶胶,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2复合膜.通过凝胶时间、TG-DTG、FT-IR和AFM等表征手段对溶胶的稳定性、复合膜的热稳定性、结构特征和表面微观形貌进行综合分析.实验结果表明:SiO2溶胶含量是影响复合溶胶稳定性的主要因素,随着SiO2溶胶含量的增加,复合溶胶的稳定性越小,凝胶时间越短,制膜时间缩短;TG-DTG分析表明,350℃以后,无明显的热效应,可见三组分复合的膜热稳定性较好;FT-IR表明,整个复合体系是以Si-O-Si为主要支架结构的,并生成了更加稳定的氧桥键(Si-O-Al和Ti-O-Al-O-Si等)而形成网络结构;AFM分析表明,复合膜的孔隙率较高,具有纳米尺寸孔洞,5μm范围内膜表面不太平整,通过多次涂膜可以减小缺陷,平均孔径约为53.8nm.     

PbBr2-PbF2-P2O5玻璃的结构研究

采用红外光谱(IR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等方法研究了PbBr₂-PbF₂-P₂O₅系铅卤磷酸盐玻璃的结构.结果表明,Pb²⁺离子在玻璃中起着网络修饰阳离子和网络形成体的双重作用.当P₂O₅含量为60mol％时,Pb²⁺离子主要是作为网络修饰体;当P₂O₅含量降低到50mol％时,一部分Pb²⁺离子能够进入玻璃网络形成[PbO₄]四面体或P-O-Pb键.Br^-和F^-离子达到一定浓度时就会进入玻璃网络,形成[PO_4-nX_n](X=Br或F,n=0-4)四面体使磷酸盐链长变短.玻璃中P₂O₅的含量不变时P-O-P键的比例也基本保持不变;当P₂O₅的含量降低时,P-O-P键和P-O^-键的含量都减少,P-O-Pb键的含量则明显增加.     

微结构对Bi_2Sr_2Co_2O_y化合物电性能的影响

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备单相Bi2Sr2Co2Oy化合物,通过添加PEG20000和超声分散对化合物粉体微结构进行调控,采用SPS烧结得到了致密的块体.探索了微结构对Bi2Sr2Co2Oy化合物电性能的影响规律.结果表明,添加PEG20000和超声分散可以明显降低Bi2Sr2Co2Oy化合物粉体的晶粒尺寸,使烧结块体的晶粒尺寸大幅度减小,从而显著提高材料的电性能.温度为873K时,添加PEG20000并超声处理所制备样品烧结块体获得了最高ZT值0.041.     

Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO系统的亚固相关系

本文给出了 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3和 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统的亚固相图。实验结果表明:在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统中有一个未知结构的新化合物 CaO·Si_2N_2O,在3CaO·Si_2N_2O 和3CaO·Al_2O_3两化合物之间形成连续立方固溶体。而 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统中则没有发现新化合物。在两个系统的富 Si_2N_2O区,过量的 Si_2N_2O 与 La_2O_3和 CaO 分别反应形成 Si_3N_4与 La_(10)[SiO_4]_(?)N_2(H-相)(和 CaSiO_3。所研究的这两个三元系统中,分别形成了如下几个四元相容性区。在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-La_2O_3系统内有:H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Si_2N_2O-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·Al_2O_3-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-La_2O_3·11 Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3;H-Si_3N_4-Al_2O_3-O′s.s;H-Si_3N_4-O′s.s-Si_2N_2O在 Si_2N_2O-Al_2O_3-CaO 系统内有:Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-CaO·Si_2N_2O-3CaO·Al_2O_3;Si_3N_3-CaSiO_3-3CaO·Al_2O_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_(?);Si_(?)N_(?)-CaSiO_3-2CaO·Al_2O_3·SiO_2-Al_2O_3;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-Al_2O_(?)-O′s.s;Si_3N_4-CaSiO_3-O′s.s-Si_(?)N_(?)O     

Sol-Gel法制备Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2复合膜的结构研究

将Sol-gel法应用于无机膜的制备,成功地研制出一种新型的Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2复合陶瓷膜,膜面平整,无宏观缺陷,复合膜由γ-Al2O3、TiO2和Al2SiO5等多相组成,改变体系组成,各相含量和主晶相也随之变化,从而影响到膜的微观结构.利用XRD、AFM、SEM分析重点研究了膜表面的微观形貌,并分析了掺杂物对膜表面性能的影响.     

C_2H_2/CO/H_2O、C_2H_2/CO_2/H_2等离子体聚合物薄膜的结构、表面形态及性能的研究EI

用红外光谱、元素分析、电子显微镜等技术研究了C_2H_2/CO/H_2O、C_2H_2/CO_2/H_2的等离子体聚合物薄膜的结构和表面形态,广角X射线衍射实验研究其结晶情况,分析观察了这两种等离子体聚合物的溶解性和热稳定性。结果表明,这两种等离子体聚合物薄膜具有高交联、支化程度,且分子链排列完全无序。     

Preparation of ZrO2-CeO2 and HfO2-CeO2 nanopowders

We prepared weakly agglomerated powders of ZrO₂-CeO₂ and HfO₂-CeO₂ solid solutions 5–8 nm in particle size, consisting of monoclinic and tetragonal phases. After heat treatment at 1200°C, the crystallite size was 30 and 14 nm, respectively. We also examined the effect of precipitate freeze drying on the crystallization of hafnia-based solid solutions containing up to 20 mol % CeO₂.     

Comparison of the Electronic Structures of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2

First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La₂CuO₄, Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂, and Sr₂CuO₂F₂. The copper ${\text{3d}}_{x^2 - y^2 } $ and the planar oxygen 2p _σ atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the ${\text{3}}d_{3z^2 - r^2 } $ atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions.     

Thermoelectric power of single-phase samples of Tl2CaBa2Cu2O y and Ba2CaSr2Cu2O y

Single-phase 2122 samples of thallium and bismuth superconductors were made by the precursor matrix method. The thermopower of these samples was measured in the temperature range 250 K-T _c . The thermopower was positive and decreased linearly with increasing temperature aboveT _c (onset). The exponential enhancement of thermopower seen in the undoped and doped YBCO was not observed in these samples. The linear variation of thermopower can be explained on the basis of either a two-band model or a narrow band model.     

VLE data for CO2-CF2Cl2, N2-CO2, N2-CF2Cl2 and N2-CO2-CF2Cl

Knowledge about vapour-liquid (VLE) is required as a basis of reliable calculations for separation processes. Correlations available for the prediction of T, p, x, y data are less accurate for mixtures at high pressures and mixtures containing supercritical components. The results of VLE experiments are reported and compared with data calculated with equations of state.     

Structure of Na2O·2TiO2 glass

X-ray radial distribution analysis and Raman spectroscopic measurement were carried out on Na₂O-2TiO₂ glass prepared by twin-roller quenching method. It is found that four-coordinated Ti⁴⁺ ions may be predominant over six-coordinated ones in the present glass. It is also found that the fraction of six-coordinated Ti⁴⁺ ions is larger in the present glass than in K₂O·2TiO₂ and Cs₂O·2TiO₂ glasses. Poorer glass-forming ability of the Na₂O-TiO₂ system compared with the K₂O-TiO₂ and Cs₂O-TiO₂ systems is ascribed to a larger fraction of TiO₆ octahedron for the former system.     

SiO2—TiO2—ZrO2系涂层的制备及其特性

用溶胶－凝胶法（sol-gel method）在不锈钢表面制备了SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2系无机氧化膜（STZ）。用DTA／TG、IR、XRD和SEM等手段研究了涂层制备时由凝胶向玻璃态的转变以及涂层薄膜的显微结构特点，考察了涂层对基体的保护效果。试验结果表明，在溶胶至凝胶最终转变为无机氧化物的过程中形成了无机网络，Si^4 和Zr^4 充当了网络骨架的形成离子。涂层为无定型玻璃态，其间混有石英、锐钛矿或金红石等微晶。     

Elastic and Electronic Properties of Superconducting CaPd 2 As 2 and SrPd 2 As 2 vs. Non-superconducting BaPd 2 As 2

The first-principles calculations were performed to predict the elastic and electronic properties of the superconducting ThCr₂Si₂-type phases CaPd₂As₂ and SrPd₂As₂ in comparison with the non-superconducting CeMg₂Si₂-type phase BaPd₂As₂. Besides, the same properties were compared for CeMg₂Si₂- and ThCr₂Si₂-type polymorphs of BaPd₂As₂. We found that all these phases are mechanically stable and belong to soft materials with low hardness. The near-Fermi region is formed by the valence states of the blocks [Pd₂As₂] with decisive contributions of Pd 4d states. The values of N(E _F) increase in the sequence: CaPd₂As₂ < SrPd₂As₂ < BaPd₂As₂, i.e. in the reverse sequence relative to the transition temperatures T _C. Thus, the change in T _C cannot be explained by the electronic factor, i.e. by the simple correlation T _C～N(E _F). Most likely the decrease in T _C in the sequence CaPd₂As₂ → SrPd₂As₂ and the absence of a superconducting transition in BaPd₂As₂ are related to the structural factors and the peculiarities of the electron–phonon coupling mechanism.     

Investigation of Instability of Lattice of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_x

Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox superconductor was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) in different atmospheres. It is discovered that there is a thermal anomaly in the DSC curve, associated with a weight loss in the TG curve before the melting of the sample. Careful thermal analysis and high temperature X-ray diffraction reveal that the thermal anomaly and the weight loss show an instability of the crystalline Iattice. By annealing the sample in oxygen and argon, respectively and then by TC measurement and thermal analysis, the coincidence of transition temperature with the instability is found. The coincidence is further confirmed by Y-doped 2212 phase.     

Thermal conductivity of the system N2O4 ⇄ 2NO2 ⇄ 2NO + O2

Experimental data on the thermal conductivity of dissociating nitrogen tetroxide have been obtained by the hot-wire method in the temperature range from 290 to 870° K at pressures up to 10⁵ N/m².