~(197)Au(γ，n)的反应截面的测量

正光中子核反应~(197)Au(γ,n)196 Au的反应截面在前人的实验中已测得了大量数据,它通常被认为是研究光核反应的1个标准反应而进行比对。前人基于多种γ源对~(197)Au(γ,n)~(196)Au的反应截面进行了测量。1987年,Berman等利用飞行正电子湮灭γ源对~(197)Au等核素进行了光核反     

~(176)Hf(n,2n)~(175)Hf反应截面测量

采用相对测量技术,以活化法对13.4～14.8MeV范围内的176Hf(n,2n)175Hf反应截面进行了测量。样品固定在距离D-T中子源20cm处的圆环的不同位置上进行中子辐照,采用93Nb(n,2n)92Nbm作为监测反应,活化产物采用高纯锗探测器进行了测量,所得14MeV附近的176Hf(n,2n)175Hf反应截面实验值为(2100±85)mb,对实验结果与公开文献值和ENDF/B6.8评价库数据进行了比对。     

~(89)Y(n,2n)~(88)Y反应截面测量

利用活化法的基本原理和相对测量方法,测量得到13.5～14.8MeV的D-T中子作用下的89Y(n,2n)88Y反应截面。89Y(n,2n)88Y反应截面为629～1053mb,相对不确定度为1.7%。并与采用大液闪测量的实验结果和ENDF/B-6库的截面数据进行了比较,当中子能量为14.1MeV处ENDF/B-6数据与实验值的比值为0.99。     

Evaluation of Cross Sections for ~(197)Au(n,3n) and ~(197)Au(n,4n) Reactions from Threshold to 50 MeV

The measured data of cross sections for ~(197)Au(n,3n) and ~(197)Au(n,4n) reactions were collected and analysed. The theoretical calculations of above mentioned reactions were carried out to predict the data in higher energy region. The sets of cross sections for ~(197)Au(n,3n) and ~(197)Au(n,4n) reactions from threshold to 50 MeV were recommended on the basis of the experimental and calculated data.     

~(197)Au(n,2n),~(197)Au(n,3n)反应截面测量

本文在中子能量E_n=12～18兆电子伏能区用活化法测量了~(197)Au(n,2n),(n,3n)的反应截面。在E_n=14.6±0.3兆电子伏处以~(27)Al(n,α)~(24)Na反应截面为标准(117.5±3.9毫靶)给出(n,2n)截面为2160±95毫靶。以(n,2n)截面为标准给出(n,3n)截面为636±47毫靶(8.23±O.28兆电子伏)。本文对国外发表的数据作了比较,井给出了推荐曲线。     

贫化铀及组合球中的反应率测量

用HPGe探测器测量了DT中子照射下^27Al(n，α)^24Na、^197Au(n，2n)^196Au、^93Nb(n，2n)^92Nbm和^197Au(n，γ)^198Au几个反应在贫化铀、贫化铀／聚乙烯／铁组合球中的活化率。运用MCNP／4B程序和ENDF／B-Ⅵ数据库对实验进行了模拟计算^27Al(n，α)^24Na、^197Au(n，2n)^196Au反应的计算与实验结果基本一致，而^197Au(n，γ)^198Au反应的计算结果与实验结果有相当大的差异。     

1-2 MeV能区6Li(n,t)4He反应微分截面与截面的实验测量

利用屏栅电离室对1.05、1.54及2.25 MeV中子6Li(n,t)4He反应的微分截面与截面进行了实验测量.采用氚固体靶的T(p,n)3He反应产生准单能中子,用相对效率已知的BF3长中子管和238U裂变片相结合来测定绝对中子通量.将测量结果与已有数据进行了比较,1-2 MeV能区6Li(n,t)4He反应截面的分歧在一定程度上得到了澄清.     

0．5～3．0MeV^71Ga和^180Hf相对^197Au的中子俘获截面比值的测量

在5SDH-2串列加速器和600 kV高压倍加器上完成了71Ga和180Hf相对197Au的中子俘获截面比值的测量。0.5～2.0 MeV中子在5SDH-2串列加速器上用T(p,n)反应产生,3.0 MeV中子在600 kV高压倍加器上用D(d,n)反应产生。本工作采用活化技术。 样品为金属圆片或将压实粉末放在薄壁的塑料盒     

14 MeV中子辐照钒引起的长寿命放射性

用HPGe探测器测量了钒以及杂质由14MeV中子活化引起的放射性,得到了50V(n,α)和51V(n,α)反应截面比值在14MeV处为0 584,并由此得到了50V(n,α)反应截面为(8 7±0 7)×10-27cm2。测量了钒中杂质成分被活化后其长寿命放射性核素的半衰期。     

快中子64Zn(n,α)61Ni反应微分截面实验测量

由于64Zn(n,α)61Ni反应的剩余核是稳定的,不能用通常的活化法来测量,致使该反应截面实验数据缺乏.利用双屏栅电离室作为带电粒子探测器,在En=2.54,4.00,5.03,5.50与5.95MeV 5个能点,对64Zn(n,α)61Ni反应的微分截面进行了实验测量,并通过微分截面对角度的积分得到了反应截面.实验在北京大学4.5MV静电加速器上进行.2.54MeV的单能中子采用固体氚-钛靶T(p,n)3He反应产生,其余四种能量的准单能中子通过氘气体靶D(d,n)3He反应获得.绝对中子通量采用238U(n,f)反应来确定,实验过程中用BF3长中子计数器进行相对中子通量监测.测量结果与已有的实验与评价数据进行了比较.     

用金活化法测定加速器中子源中子注量及MCNP4C修正

在四川大学720所2.5MeV静电质子加速器上,由核反应7Li(p,n)7Be,T(p,n)3He产生中子,对中国工程物理研究院研制的新型中子探测器进行效率刻度实验中,需要知道探测器位置处的中子绝对注量,为此我们测量了0.165、0.352、0.576、1.400MeV四个能点的中子注量。测量方法采用的是金活化法,在实验测量中,由靶头材料、冷却水层和样品的包层材料等引起的多次散射效应及中子在样品中的自屏蔽效应等均对实验结果产生影响。这些因素在实验中不可避免,也难以通过实验方法扣除,因此用Monte Carlo程序MCNP4C对上述效应进行了修正计算。     

Measurements of the 152Srn(γ,n) Cross Section with Laser-Compton Scattering γ Rays and the Photon Difference Method

The cross sections of the ¹⁵²Sm(γ,n) and ¹⁹⁷Au(γ,n) reactions have been measured with the laser-Compton scattering (LCS) γ beam in the 8.3–12.4MeV energy range. The photon difference method has been used for LCS γ rays in the data analysis for the first time. The present data for ¹⁹⁷Au measured as the standard are in agreement with the preceding data and the recent recommendation. On the other hand, the preceding data for ¹⁵²Sm at 8.3 MeV are twice as large as the present data.     

Calculations of Double Differential Deuteron Emission Cross Sections at 62 MeV Proton Induced Reactions

In this study, double differential deuteron emission cross sections for ²⁷Al, ^54,56Fe, ¹⁹⁷Au, ²⁰⁸Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi target nuclei have been calculated by the TALYS code at 62 MeV proton energy. The use of TALYS involved calculations by the pre-equilibrium exciton model and the Hauser–Feshbach model. The calculated double differential cross sections have been compared with the experimental data taken from the literature.     

Measurement of fast-neutron capture cross sections for 75As

1 INTRODUCTIONThe cross sections of the "As(n,7)"As reaction are boortant in evaluating theradiation damage of the material. EXPerimeats[1-6] and evaluations have been performedto deterAnne the "As(n, 7)"As reaction cross section, but there are large discrepanciesamong them especially in the MeV neutron energy region. Therefore, new eXPerAnent isneeded.2 EXPERIMENT DETAILSThe measuremenis were perfOrmed at the 4.5 MV Van de Grand accelerator of theInstitute Of Heavy Ion Phy…     

Entropy produced in heavy ion collisions

A new observable,yield ratio of d/(d t ^3He ^4He)produced in heavy ion reactions is suggested as a measure of entropy.It is found that in quantum statistical model (QSM),which is quite commonly used for extracting the entropy,the relation between this ratio and entropy is almost linear and independent of break-up density and N/Z ratio of the system.The experimental data of ^12C ^197Au from 30MeV/u to 84MeV/u and of ^197Au ^197Au from 100McV/u to 250MeV/u are compared with QSM calcuation results.The values of entropy are obtained for C Au and Au Au system without assumption on break-up density.     

Measurements of the elastic scattering cross sections for proton on T, He

The cross sections for the elastic scattering of protons from tritium at 151° and from helium at 155° angles in the laboratory frame, over the energy range of 1.2-3.4 MeV, have been measured in the present work, as a supplement to previous cross section measurements determined at different scattering angles recently. The currently measured cross section data are compared to data available in literature. The cross section enhancement was also investigated for both reactions. It was found that over the whole measured energy range, the elastic cross section for protons on tritium increases linearly with energy and is about 1000 times greater than the Rutherford cross section at 3.4 MeV. On the other hand, in the case of the elastic scattering of protons from helium, the cross section below 2.3 MeV increases almost linearly, and reaches a maximum of about 300 mb/str at the energy of 2.4 MeV for the scattering angle of 165°, and then, after this energy, it keeps oscillating around the maximum.     

A data-based photonuclear simulation algorithm for determining specific activity of medical radioisotopes

For simulating more accurately neutron or proton production from photonuclear reactions,a data-based photonuclear reaction simulation algorithm has been developed.Reliable photonuclear cross sections from evaluated or experimental database are chosen as input data.For checking the validity of the use of the data-based photonuclear algorithm,benchmarking simulations are presented in detail.We calculate photonuclear cross sections or reaction yield for ~9Be,~(48)Ti,~(133)Cs,and ~(197)Au and compare them with experimental data in the region of incident photon energy below ~30 MeV.While Geant4 can hardly reproduce photonuclear experimental data,results obtained from the data-based photonuclear algorithm are found in good agreement with experimental measurements.Potential application in estimation of specific activity of radioisotopes is further discussed.We conclude that the developed data-based photonuclear algorithm is suitable for an accurate prediction of photoninduced neutron or proton productions.     

放射性核束17N轰击9Be和197Au靶的中子发射

用飞行时间技术测得33.4MeV/u     

Investigation of Deuteron Emission Spectra at 62 MeV Proton Incident Energy

In this study, deuteron emission cross sections for ²⁷Al, ^54,56Fe, ⁸⁹Y, ¹²⁰Sn, ¹⁹⁷Au, ²⁰⁸Pb and ²⁰⁹Bi target nuclei have been calculated at 62 MeV proton incident energy. In these calculations, the pre-equilibrium and equilibrium effects have been investigated. The pre-equilibrium calculations involve the geometry dependent hybrid model and hybrid model. Equilibrium effects are calculated according to the Weisskopf–Ewing model. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data taken from the literature and found to be in good agreement.     

Activation Cross Sections for (n, 2n) Reaction on Neodymium,Samarium, Gadolinium and Ytterbium at 14.6 MeV

Activation cross sections for the (n, 2n) reaction on Nd, Sm, Gd and Yb have been measured at 14.6 MeV by using a Ge(Li) γ-ray detector. The following cross sections (mb) have been obtained: ¹¹²Nd 1,675±160, ¹⁴³Nd 1,789±147, ¹⁵⁰Nd 1,720±128, ¹⁵⁴Sm 2,010±137, ¹⁶⁰Gd 2,173±152, ¹⁶⁰Yb 2,226 ±152. These (n,2n) cross sections are compared with the theoretical calculations performed by a new model including pre-equilibrium and statistical models. A good agreement between the experimental and calculated cross sections is obtained.