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目的:观察国产替罗非班对因急性冠脉综合征行冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗患者血小板聚集率的变化及不良反应,评价其在PCI中的疗效和安全性。方法:因非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征入院行PCI的患者30例,其中替罗非班组18例,对照组12例。替罗非班组在PCI术前第10~30分钟静脉注射替罗非班10#g/kg(3min注完),然后以0.15#g/(kg·min)静脉滴注维持18h,对照组以相同的方法输注安慰剂。所有患者均接受静脉注射普通肝素及口服二磷酸腺苷(ADP)受体拮抗剂和阿司匹林。应用10#mol/LADP诱导的血小板聚集率观察两组患者术前、术后血小板聚集率变化和出血事件发生率。结果:与对照组相比,替罗非班组血小板聚集率明显下降,两组6h时血小板聚集率分别为(19.0±8.2)%和(58.6±7.6)%,替罗非班组出血事件有增多趋势(22%),主要是穿刺点出血,两组均无严重出血事件发生。结论:替罗非班可安全、有效地抑制PCI患者血小板聚集率。 相似文献
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目的 观察早期应用替罗非班对行冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的中高危非ST段抬高性急性冠脉综合征(NSTEACS)患者的血小板聚集率(PAR)和临床结果的影响,从而评价其在PCI中的疗效和安全性.方法 100例入院行PCI的中高危NSTEACS患者,随机分为早期应用替罗非班组(47例)和早期未应用替罗非班组(53例).早期应用组在PCI术前至少4h静脉应用替罗非班.早期未应用组术前不使用替罗非班,术后可据临床情况使用,因此它包括PCI术后即刻应用替罗非班(32例)和PCI术后未应用(21例)两个亚组.所有患者入院后均口服阿司匹林、氯吡格雷、他汀类及皮下注射低分子肝索.观察两组PAR、PCI术前术后TIMI血流情况、出血事件与血小板减少症的发生率.结果 与未用药相比,应用替罗非班12h后PAR明显下降(P<0.01);与早期未应用替罗非班组的两亚组相比,早期应用组术前靶血管的TIMI血流3级的获得率明显较高(83.0% vs.60.0% vs.61.5%;P=0.045);术后靶血管的TIMI血流分级三组比较差异无统计学意义.两组出血与血小板减少症的发生率差异均无统计学意义.结论 早期应用替罗非班可安全、有效地抑制PCI患者血小板聚集并改善PCI术前TIMI血流. 相似文献
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目的:在常规抗血小板、抗凝基础上,观察国产血小板膜糖蛋白/受体拮抗剂替罗非班在择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)治疗中的疗效和安全性.方法:本试验采用随机、对照的方法,符合急性冠脉综合征入选标准患者303例,分为试验组(PCI+替罗非班,n=169)和对照组(PCI,n=134),两组PCI均植入药物支架.术前两组均使用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和低分子肝素.试验组在给予负荷量盐酸替罗非班(按10 μg/kg剂量在3 min内静脉推注完)的同时行PCI,继而以0.1~0.15 μg/(kgmin)由微量泵持续泵入24~36 h;对照组病例直接进行PCI.术中术后观察出血事件的发生、血小板情况和住院期间发生的复合终点事件.结果:试验组住院期间支架内血栓发生率较对照组显著降低(0.59 % vs 5.22%,P<0.05),严重心律失常的发生率较对照组明显下降(2.37% vs 7.46%,P<0.05),围术期出血并发症发生率未见有增加(9.47% vs 6.72%,P>0.05),严重血小板减少发生率较低(1.18% vs 0.75%,P>0.05),复合终点事件(不包括支架内血栓形成及严重心律失常)发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义.结论:替罗非班能有效及时地预防冠脉支架内血栓形成;减少急性缺血事件的发生,且出血风险并未明显增加,是一个疗效显著、安全性良好的抗血小板药物. 相似文献
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背景:目前,经皮冠状动脉介入围手术期如何给予个体化的抗血小板治疗国内外尚没有达成共识;在抗血小板的联合用药、用药时机和应用时间方面也存在着较多的争议.目的:观察非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者支架置入前后血小板活性的变化及替罗非班的干预作用.方法:125例患者随机分为2组:替罗非班组(n=62):阿司匹林+氯毗格雷+替罗非班;对照组(n=63):阿司匹林+氯吡格雷;两组均行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗,观察支架置入前及置入后6,24 h及7 d,经花生四烯酸诱导的血小板最大聚集率、血小板活化标志物CD62p变化;两组患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后30 d临床事件及出血事件的发生率.结果与结论:支架置入后6 h,对照组血小板最大聚集率及CD62p水平较置入前显著升高(P<0.01):替罗非班组则显著低于置入前及对照组(P<0.01):置入后24 h,两组之间及与置入前相比,血小板最大聚集率及CD62p差异无显著性意义(P>0.05):置入后7 d,替罗非班组血小板最大聚集率较置入前降低(P<0.05).替罗非班组经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后30 d临床缺血事件的发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者出血事件发生率差异无显著性意义(P>0.05).提示支架置入后6 h,非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者血小板功能被进一步激活.在双重抗血小板(阿司匹林+氯吡格雷)治疗的基础上,替罗非班对接受支架置入非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者的血小板功能有进一步的抑制作用. 相似文献
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急性冠状动脉综合征患者血管成形术后应用盐酸替罗非班的观察与护理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
盐酸替罗非班氯化钠注射液,是一种新型的非肽类血小板表面糖蛋白GPⅡb/Ⅲα受体拮抗剂,可竞争性抑制纤维蛋白原与血小板GPⅡb/Ⅲα受体的结合,从而抑制血小板的聚集,防止血栓的形成。盐酸替罗非班在血管成形术后与肝素钠、阿司匹林联合运用,可降低急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者心血管事件的发生率,改善ACS患者的心电图缺血表现,其疗效优于肝素钠。盐酸替罗非班以推荐剂量静脉给药时,在30min后可达90%的抑制率,停止使用后,血小板聚集功能恢复,对血小板聚集的抑制是可逆的。 相似文献
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目的研究急性sT段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)的急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者在行尿激酶(UK)静脉溶栓的同时应用国产血小板膜糖蛋白IIb/HIa受体拮抗剂替罗非班的有效性和安全性。方法62例STEMI—ACS患者随机分为受试组(UK静脉溶栓+替罗非班,31例)和对照组(替罗非班,31例),替罗非班疗程24—36h,入院4—6h行冠状动脉造影。结果受试组24h及30d的主要不良心脏事件(MACE)发生率明显低于对照组(3.5%比21.2%,P〈0.001)。受试组和对照组均未出现大出血,皮肤、黏膜小出血发生率为26%和21%,二组差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05),受试组梗死相关血管(IRA)再通率明显高于对照组(68%比24%)。结论联合应用UK静脉溶栓和替罗非班治疗STEMI,IRA再通率高,能进一步改善预后,且安全性好。 相似文献
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目的:了解黔江区健康成年人骨密度变化规律及骨质疏松患病情况,指导骨质疏松症的防治。方法应用美国 LUNAR Prodigy 双能 X 线骨密度仪(DXA),测量1110例(男483例,女627例)20岁以上黔江区居民腰椎正位(L1~4)骨密度(BMD)。结果(1)黔江区健康男性腰椎骨密度峰值出现在30~34岁年龄组;女性骨密度峰值出现在35~39岁年龄组。女性45岁以后骨密度明显下降(P <0.01),男性60岁以后骨密度明显下降(P <0.05)。(2)黔江区50岁以上健康男性腰椎骨质疏松患病率为13.2%,女性腰椎骨质疏松患病率为42%;男性腰椎骨量减少患病率为34.9%。女性腰椎骨量减少患病率为38.5%。(3)与其他年龄组比较,50~54岁组、55~59岁组女性的骨质疏松患病率增高(P <0.01),但60岁以后无明显差异,男性相邻年龄组患病率无明显差异;50~54岁、55~59岁组同龄男女患病率差异无统计学意义,60岁以后女性患病率高于男性(P <0.01)。结论(1)黔江区骨质疏松症防治形势严峻;(2)减少女性 OP 患病率,围绝经期干预极为关键。 相似文献
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脑卒中偏瘫患者骨密度变化及继发骨质疏松症的特点 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:探讨脑卒中患者肢体瘫痪对其骨密度(BMD)和骨质疏松(OP)患病率的影响。方法:102例广东省佛山地区常住的脑卒中患者(脑卒中组),男46例,女56例,年龄55—85岁(平均72.8±9.2岁),使用美国 Hologic公司双能X线骨密度仪对正位腰椎(L1-L4)、双侧前臂远端和股骨近端进行BMD测定,并与352例本地区健康人(对照组)进行BMD及OP患病率的比较。结果:脑卒中组的偏瘫侧前臂、股骨颈、Ward′s区的BMD值明显低于健侧(0.444±0.11 vs 0.478±0.09,0.716±0.16 vs 0.757±0.16, 0.373±0.15 vs 0.407±0.15, P<0.05),偏瘫侧股骨颈、Ward′s区和腰椎BMD明显低于对照组(0.716±0.16 vs 0.844±0.12, 0.373±0.15 vs 0.495±0.13, 0.768±0.18 vs 0.831±0.13, P<0.05)。病程≥3个月的患者的偏瘫侧前臂、股骨颈和腰椎BMD明显低于病程<3个月的患者(0.415±0.10 vs 0.474±0.11,0.672±0.16 vs 0.751±0.16,0.722±0.14 vs 0.802±0.19,P<0.05),且病程≥3个月的患者的健侧BMD也低于病程<3个月的患者,但差异没有显著性(P>0.05)。女性脑卒中患者各部位的BMD明显低于男性(P<0.05)。脑卒中组偏瘫侧股骨的OP患病率高于健侧(P<0.05),男性腰椎和股骨、女性股骨的OP患病率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:脑卒中后偏瘫患者患侧前臂、股骨近端和腰椎BMD度低于健康人和健侧;女性患者BMD低于男性患者,病程越长,BMD越低。患侧肢体OP患病率高于健侧,脑卒中患者股骨的OP患病率高于健康人。 相似文献
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目的:探讨影响老年知识分子骨密度的因素及防治老年骨质疏松的措施。方法:采用整群抽样方法对两所高等院校286例(男103例,女183例)50岁以上老人进行骨密度及相关因素调查。结果:随着年龄增长,骨密度呈现明显下降趋势。老年女性较男性骨密度下降显著。适度运动及经常饮用牛奶可促使骨密度增高。结论:运动及合理膳食有预防老年骨密度下降的作用 相似文献
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目的:观察运动对绝经后女性骨密度的影响。方法:绝经后女性106名分为运动组37例和对照组69例。运动组进行广场舞、爬山、慢跑等运动干预,对照组未进行任何干预。采用双能X线吸收仪测试其全身及各部位骨矿含量(BMC)和骨密度(BMD),并进行比较。结果:运动干预8个月后,运动组全身BMD和BMC值均较干预前及对照组明显增加(P<0.05),而对照组全身BMD和BMC值均较8个月前下降,但差异无统计学意义。运动组胸椎的BMD、BMC和盆骨的BMC均较干预前及对照组明显增加(P<0.05),而腰椎的BMD、BMC和盆骨的BMD干预后差异无统计学意义;对照组干预后腰椎、盆骨的BMD、BMC均较8个月前明显下降(P<0.05),而胸椎的BMD、BMC 8个月前后差异无统计学意义。运动组上肢优势侧BMD、BMC和下肢双侧BMD、BMC均较干预前及对照组明显增加( P<0.05),而上肢非优势侧BMD、BMC干预前后差异无统计学意义;对照组上肢非优势侧BMD、BMC均较8个月前及上肢优势侧BMD明显下降(P<0.05),而上肢优势侧BMC和下肢双侧BMD、BMC 8个月前后差异无统计学意义。结论:常规运动可显著提高绝经后女性胸椎 BM D和BM C ,而只能维持其腰椎和盆骨的BM D、BM C;上下肢、优势侧与非优势侧活动不均衡可影响相关部位 BM D和BM C的变化。 相似文献
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目的分析女性腰椎侧位与后前位骨密度(BMD)的相关性,探索女性腰椎骨密度的变化规律。方法观察166名45~70岁的女性无骨质疏松症状健康体检者,使用GE Lunar Prodigy型双能骨密度仪测量观察对象的腰椎后前位BMD(L2-4BMD)、侧位BMD(B2-4BMD),根据是否绝经及L2-4BMD是否正常,将观察对象分为4组,即未绝经L2-4BMD正常组、未绝经L2-4BMD异常组、绝经后L2-4BMD正常组、绝经后L2-4BMD异常组,分析L2-4BMD、B2-4BMD及其与年龄、体质量指数等的相关关系,并建立回归方程。结果在L2-4BMD正常组,绝经者BMD与未绝经者比较有显著差异,绝经后BMD明显降低;在L2-4BMD异常组,绝经者BMD与未绝经者比较,L2-4BMD明显降低,B2-4BMD无显著差异。各组B2-4BMD与L2-4BMD均具有显著相关关系。绝经后L2-4BMD正常组B2-4BMD与绝经年数的相关有显著统计学意义。多元回归分析显示,因变量B2-4BMD(y)主要由L2-4BMD(X1)、绝经年数(X2)、体质量指数(X3)决定,各组具有相应的回归模型:绝经后L2-4BMD正常组、绝经后L2-4BMD异常组、未绝经L2-4BMD正常组、未绝经L2-4BMD异常组,其B2-4BMD的回归方程分别为:r=0.147+0.501X1-0.007X2,y=-0.437+0.457X1+0.024X3,y=0.102+0.559X1,y=-0.350+0.947X1。结论女性B2-4BMD与L2-4BMD有显著相关关系;女性B2-4BMD与是否绝经、L2-4BMD是否正常有关,绝经后女性更应当早期检查骨密度。 相似文献
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Qiu-shi Wei Li Huang Xin Tan Zhen-qiu Chen Si-min Chen 《Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation》2016,76(1):33-39
Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein that is expressed in bone cells such as osteoblast and osteocytes and associated with bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating OPN levels and BMD in postmenopausal women in Southern China. A total of 362 postmenopausal women were consecutively recruited into this study from 2011–2013. Serum levels of OPN, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL), and bone turnover markers were analyzed. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria. Serum OPN levels were remarkably higher in the osteoporotic group than those in the osteopenic and normal groups (all p?0.001). The cut-off value of OPN for diagnosing postmenopausal osteoporosis was 10.1 ng/mL, which had a sensitivity of 89.5%, a specificity of 70.8%, and an area under curve of 0.953. Serum OPN was negatively correlated with parathyroid hormone (PTH), lumbar spine BMD, and femoral neck BMD (r?=??0.25, p?=?0.004; r?=??0.66, p?0.001; r?=??0.28, p?=?0.001; respectively) and positively associated with type I procollagen amino-terminal propeptide (PINP), carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and RANKL (r?=?0.20, p?=?0.020; r?=?0.17, p?=?0.036; r?=?0.19, p?=?0.028, respectively) in the osteoporotic group. In multiple regression analyses, lumbar spine BMD, PTH and RANKL were the predictors for serum OPN levels. In conclusion, OPN serum levels are negatively related to BMD and positively correlated with bone turnover levels in this group of Chinese postmenopausal women. 相似文献
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目的观察去势后不同时间大鼠皮质骨骨密度与生物力学特性的变化,以探讨雌激素减少对皮质骨骨密度及生物力学特性的影响。方法40只雌性大鼠随机分为去势组和对照组,各组分别于术后6及12周各处死其中10只。取血、尿标本分别测血清Ca,P,碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和尿Ca,P,羟脯氨酸(HOP)。用骨密度仪测定大鼠胫骨骨密度,用三点挤压实验测定股骨最大载荷、弯曲刚度、最大应力以及弹性模量的变化。结果去势6及12周组血Ca,ALP,尿Ca/Cr,尿HOP/Cr均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),而血P、尿P/Cr与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.5)。去势6周骨密度与最大载荷、弯曲刚度、最大应力以及弹性模量与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05),而去势12周组骨密度明显低于对照组(P<0.01),而最大载荷、弯曲刚度、最大应力以及弹性模量均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论骨密度和生物力学参数的测量对于骨质疏松症动物模型的建立及治疗骨质疏松症药物疗效的判断有重要的意义。 相似文献
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Kullenberg R Hanson B Sandberg R Dahlberg H 《Journal of evaluation in clinical practice》2006,12(6):675-681
Background The majority of people with osteoporosis are never evaluated even though effective treatments are available. The County Council of Värmland in Sweden has implemented an osteoporosis management model that has been shown to be effective in promoting awareness and providing care for osteoporosis patients. Discussions among a prevention group on osteoporosis in the county council were opened in 1997. The county of Värmland covers a large area, and the distances from the peripheral parts to the main city are approximately 300 km and cumbersome for the inhabitants. The importance of having an osteoporosis service that could reach the county inhabitants in a convenient way was therefore recognized. Methods Three thousand four hundred patients were evaluated between March 2001 and December 2003. Guidelines for patient selection for bone density testing and treatment guidelines were formulated. Promoting awareness was an important prerequisite for the model to function. This was accomplished by having the measurement devices where the patients showed up and by regular education of the primary care doctors. Results and conclusions A multidisciplinary team was established and consisted of primary care doctors, orthopaedic surgeons, internists, physiotherapists, a patient organization member, a county health care representative and nurses. Team members met every third month and agreed upon clinical guidelines for implementing the system. The presented osteoporosis management system is not a screening approach as all patients had risk factors for osteoporosis before they were suggested for bone density testing. This study shows that providing a comprehensive package of measures makes it possible to establish an effective osteoporosis management system with limited economical resources. 相似文献
19.
2型糖尿病性骨质疏松症病人的护理 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
目的了解2型糖尿病性骨质疏松症病人骨质疏松的情况并制订护理对策。方法对65例2型糖尿病性骨质疏松症病人使用双能X线骨密度仪测定病人骨质情况,给予饮食控制、适当运动和(或)口服降糖药物治疗以控制血糖,口服钙尔奇、福善美等药物治疗骨质疏松,以及心理护理,运动、饮食的指导。结果65例病人骨密度均有不同程度的改变,其中12例发生股骨颈骨折,17例发生腰椎压缩性骨折,6例骨折后发生压疮。结论糖尿病病人骨质疏松的治疗除了控制血糖外,可通过X线片及骨密度仪测定判断病人骨质疏松情况,并实施健康教育,让病人掌握糖尿病骨质疏松症基本知识、保健知识,达到减少并发症发生,提高病人生活质量的目的。 相似文献
20.
Calero JA Curiel MD Moro MJ Carrascal MT Santana JS Avial MR 《European journal of clinical investigation》2000,30(3):210-214
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of bone mineral density (BMD), ultrasounds (SOS) and resistance to torsion (T) to detect experimental osteopenia induced in rats 3 and 6 months after ooforectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-four rats were used, divided into four groups, ooforectomized rats analysed 3 and 6 months after the operation and their respective control groups, in which BMD (Hologic QDR 1000 S/N 277), SOS (DBM Sonic 1200) and T (adapted test machine) were determined in the right femur. RESULTS: The results of the three techniques distinguished the ooforectomized groups from the controls, both 3 and 6 months after the ooforectomy, obtaining more significant differences with BMD (P = 0.0006, P = 0. 001, respectively) than SOS and T, where a significance of only P = 0.05 was obtained. In the correlation study among the three techniques, a significant correlation was observed between BMD and SOS (r = 0.39, P = 0.0008), as well as between BMD and T (r = 0.31, P = 0.03). However, significance was not observed between the SOS and T tests. CONCLUSION: In the study of sensitivity and specificity of the techniques used to detect the osteopenia caused by the ooforectomy, by means of calculation of the area under the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve, it was proven that although the three techniques distinguished between the two analysed populations, BMD presented an area under the ROC curve that was superior (0.87, 0.85) to that obtained with SOS (0.73, 0.67) and T (0.73, 0.68), both 3 and 6 months after the operation. 相似文献