粗颗粒Al2O3陶瓷在无润滑条件下磨损特性的探讨

对粗颗粒Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷在无润滑条件下的磨损特性进行了试验研究，绘制了该材料的磨损曲线，磨损速率在初期很低，以后逐渐上升，及至２ｈ以后基本稳定。利用扫描电镜探讨了该材料的磨损机理，认为共磨损以脆性剥落和磨粒磨损为主。     

Ti3SiC2-SiC复合材料的耐磨擦磨损性能

以商用硅粉、碳粉、钛粉以及少量的铝粉为原料,利用放电等离子烧结技术原位反应制备了Ti3SiC2-SiC复合材料.利用盘销式摩擦磨损实验机测试了Ti3SiC2-SiC复合材料的耐摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:随着SiC含量的增加,材料相对于硬化钢的摩擦系数和磨损系数均呈下降趋势,这表明SiC的引入提高了复合材料的抗摩擦磨损性能.Ti3SiC2单相材料摩擦系数在0.8～1.0之间,而Ti3SiC2-40vol%SiC复合材料在稳态下的摩擦系数达到了0.5,Ti3SiC2-40vol%SiC复合材料相对于TisSiC2单相材料的磨损系数下降了一个数量级.Ti3SiC2-SiC复合材料的高抗磨损性归因于磨损类型的改变以及SiC良好的抗氧化性能.     

Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2复合叠层陶瓷材料摩擦磨损性能

将Al2O3-TiC陶瓷材料与具有固体润滑特性的Al2O3-TiC-CaF2陶瓷材料进行叠层,通过真空热压烧结制备Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2复合叠层陶瓷材料.在环盘式摩擦磨损试验机上进行摩擦磨损实验,研究该材料在不同载荷、转速条件下的摩擦系数和磨损率,分别用SEM及EDS观察材料磨损前后的微观形貌和分析其成分组成,研究其磨损机制.结果表明:在相同载荷条件下,Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2复合叠层陶瓷材料的摩擦系数和磨损率随着转速的升高而下降,在相同转速条件下,其摩擦系数和磨损率随着载荷的增加而下降;Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2复合叠层陶瓷材料的磨损机制主要是磨粒磨损和黏着磨损.     

三种NiAl材料的室温摩擦磨损性能

测试二元NiAl合金、NiAl-Al2O3-TiC原位内生复合材料以及NiAl-Cr(Mo)-Hf共晶合金的室温摩擦磨损性能,研究了磨损机制.结果表明:NiAl材料的抗磨损性能与材料的硬度和断裂韧性成正比,在磨损过程中硬质陶瓷颗粒能有效地传递应力和起到支撑作用,减轻材料的磨损.因此NiAl-Al2O3-TiC复合材料的抗磨损性能最好,在相同工况下其磨损率为NiAl-Cr(Mo)-Hf共晶合金的1/4-3/4和二元NiAl合金的1/20-1/10.摩擦系数随着三种NiAl材料硬度的提高而降低.三种NiAl材料的室温干摩擦磨损过程受控于塑性变形,其磨损机制主要是磨粒磨损机制,随着载荷的增加,磨损表面依次呈现出塑性变形、显微剥落和粘着磨损特征,磨损机制的改变对磨损率和摩擦系数具有重要的影响.     

高铬铸铁耐泥沙磨损的机理探讨

在自制的模拟疏浚工况的立式泥沙磨损试验机上，对45钢和含碳量分别为2％和3％的高铬铸铁进行了泥沙磨损试验。运用扫描电镜观察了这几种材料在泥沙磨损条件下的磨损表面形貌，分析了它们的磨损机理。对于象45钢这类较软的材料，在泥沙磨损条件下，材料的磨损机理主要是显微切削和多次塑性变形。对于含有较多高硬度碳化物质点的高铬铸铁类材料，在泥沙磨损条件下，材料的磨损机理主要是基体组织的显微切削和碳化物颗粒的脱落。提出了在泥沙磨损条件下提高材料耐磨性的途径：一方面是如何减少基体组织的显微切削磨损；另一方面是如何使碳化物不易脱落，更好地起到保护基体的作用。     

多纤维增强重型汽车制动器摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

采用芳纶浆粕、玻璃纤维、硅灰石纤维和钛酸钾晶须多纤维混杂增强制备重型汽车制动器摩擦材料.利用XD-MSM型定速摩擦试验机,考察了摩擦材料的摩擦系数和磨损率随温度变化的情况,并且通过扫描电镜观察了摩擦材料在不同温度下磨损后的表面形貌,分析其摩擦磨损机理.研究结果表明,所研制的摩擦材料具有足够的机械性能和优异的摩擦磨损性能,热衰退小、恢复性能好、耐磨损,可满足重型汽车制动性能的要求.材料在中高温下主要是磨粒磨损和热疲劳磨损,同时伴随着粘着磨损.     

高聚物磨损研究的近况

随着高分子材料的应用日益广泛，其磨损现象越来越受到重视。本文综述了近年来国内外学者在高分子材料磨损方面的研究工作。着重阐述了滑动磨损，磨料磨损，冲蚀磨损的研究进展。     

流变成形压力对Al2Y/AZ91镁基复合材料摩擦磨损行为的影响

采用销盘式摩擦副,在转速为100 r/min干摩擦条件下,结合OM、SEM结果,考察了不同载荷与成形压力对流变成形Al2Y/AZ91镁基复合材料(质量分数2%Y)摩擦磨损性能的影响,并探究耐磨性与材料显微组织、力学性能之间的关系.研究表明:在相同的实验载荷下,随着制备复合材料流变成形压力的增加,材料的磨损质量和摩擦系数减少,本实验条件下最大成形压力为100 MPa时磨损量和摩擦系数最小,摩擦磨损性能较佳;对于在相同成形压力下制备的镁基复合材料,磨损质量随着载荷的提升而增大,而摩擦系数有所降低.当载荷较小时,Al2Y/AZ91镁基复合材料的磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主;随着载荷的增大,磨损机制逐步发生转变;当载荷较大时,磨损机制以剥层磨损为主.     

高聚物磨损研究的近况

随着高分子材料的应用日益广泛，其磨损现象越来越受到重视。本文综述了近年来国内外学者在高分子材料磨损方面的研究工作，着重阐述了滑动磨损、磨粒磨损、冲蚀磨损的研究进展。     

有机复合摩擦材料的成分优化及其对摩擦性能的影响

采用正交试验设计方法对有机复合摩擦材料的成分进行优化,利用MMS-2A摩擦磨损试验机对材料的摩擦系数进行测试,用比磨损率表征复合材料的磨损性能,并通过极差法对试验结果进行了分析。用Leica体式显微镜和3D激光共聚焦显微镜观察了材料摩擦磨损后的表面形貌,探索了不同成分下合成材料的摩擦磨损机理。结果表明:改性酚醛树脂对材料的平均摩擦系数和比磨损率的影响最大。摩擦系数较优的组合为A1B1C2D2,比磨损率较优的组合为A3D1C1B3。树脂含量较少时,摩擦表面的摩擦膜较少,犁沟较深,呈严重的磨粒磨损特征;随树脂含量增加,摩擦表面形成完整且连续的摩擦膜,犁沟较浅,材料的主要磨损形式为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损。     

Pressure-Force Transformation for Transient Wear Simulation in Two-Dimensional Sliding Contacts

An efficient wear integration algorithm is crucial for the simulation of wear in complex transient contact situations. By rewriting Archard's wear law for two dimensional problems, the wear integration can be replaced by the total contact force. This avoids highly resolved simulations in time and space, so that the proposed method allows a significant acceleration of wear simulations. All quantities, including the average contact velocity, slip rate and total contact force, which are required for the pressure-force transformation, can be determined from geometric and motion analysis, or alternatively, from Finite Element simulations. The proposed CForce method has been implemented into the finite element based wear simulation tool Wear-Processor and was validated for a twin-wheel and a camshaft-follower model. A series of simulations have been carried out at high resolution. Resulting wear profiles from the conventional time integration approach and CForce method have been of excellent agreement. Further, it has been shown that the computation time can be significantly reduced. The simulation results from the CForce method remains robust against coarsening of the finite element mesh and increasing time increments.     

Surface wear structures and mechanisms in zirconia-based ceramics

Correlations between the scale of surface structures formed upon high-velocity friction and the wear intensity have been studied for Y-TZP ceramics with various values of the average grain size. An increase in the sliding velocity from 4 to 11 m/s in the ceramics-steel friction couple leads to a decrease in the wear rate (caused by a change in the mechanism of wear from high-temperature adhesive wear to that in the regime of friction with boundary quasi-liquid lubricant film formation) and is accompanied by a decrease in the scale of the crack network formed on the friction surface.     

Wear Protection in Plastics Processing by Using Ceramic Components

Still, wear and corrosion of plastics processing machines, e. g. plasticizing units, are a common problem in the plastics processing industry. Whenever glass fibre reinforced resins are processed the common steels and hard facings used for plasticizing units reach their limits concerning the wear properties. A solution of this problem is the substitution of steel based materials by high performance ceramics. When substituting steel by ceramics the specific conditions of a plastics processing device have to be taken into account. The most critical conditions are the temperature range from 25 to 350 °C and the cyclic pressure load up to 400 bar. Furthermore a possible corrosive attack, e. g. by halogenated resins as polyvinyl chloride, has to be taken into account. To screen different high performance ceramics for their suitability in plastics processing machines the so called platelet apparatus was used. It could be shown that compared with common steels like 34CrAlNi7 the wear could be reduced by one magnitude.     

Study of Abrasive Wear Volume Map for PTFE and PTFE Composites

The potential of this work is based on consideration of wear volume map for the evaluation of abrasive wear performance of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and PTFE composites. The fillers used in the composite are 25% bronze, 35% graphite and 17% glass fibre glass (GFR). The influence of filler materials, abrasion surface roughness and applied load values on abrasive wear performance of PTFE and PTFE composites were studied and evaluated. Experimental abrasive wear tests were carried out at atmospheric condition on pin-on-disc wear tribometer. Tests were performed under 4, 6, 8 and 10 N load values, travelling speed of 1 m/sec and abrasion surface roughness values of 5, 20 and 45 μm. Wear volume maps were obtained and the results showed that the lowest wear volume rate for PTFE is reached using GFR filler. Furthermore, the results also showed that the higher is the applied load and the roughness of the abrasion surface, the higher is the wear rate. Finally it is also concluded that abrasive wear process mechanism include ploughing and cutting mechanisms.     

The Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Interpenetrating Titanium Trialuminide/Aluminium Composites

Owing to the brittle reinforced phase are introduced into ductile matrix phase, metal–intermetallic interpenetrating composites exhibit various types of wear mechanism such as adhesive, abrasive, and fatigue wear. In present work, the wear model has been proposed according to the mixing rule. Many factors such as special topology structure characteristic of reinforcement and elastic module were discussed in this model. The model based on the maximal and minimal hypothesis posts the mathematic relation among volume content of reinforcement, elastic module and wear rate. Increase in the volume fraction of reinforcement leads to improvement in the wear resistance. Unlike the Khruschov model and Zum-Gahr model, the proposed model was no longer follow linear rule. One kind of Al₃Ti/Al composite with different volume content was fabricated and many wear test data were obtained to validate the correctness and universality of the model.     

Effects of Yttria Addition on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties,Wear Resistance and Corrosive Wear Resistance of TiNi Alloy

TiNi alloy has a high resistance to wear and could be an excellent candidate for various tribological applications. But studies show that oxygen active elements can improve properties of some alloys,markedly.Yttrium is one of the oxygen active elements.In this paper,the e-ects of yttria addition on properties of TiNi have been studied via micro-indentation,hardness,wear and corrosive wear tests.It is demonstrated that by addition of yttria to 5%,TiNi alloy can own improved mechanical properties and resistan...     

热锻模具钢的耐磨性及磨损机理研究

采用销盘式高温摩擦磨损实验机,针对一种新型铸钢、H13和H21钢在25-400℃下进行磨损试验,对比研究各种钢的耐磨性,并探讨了磨损机制.研究表明:室温下H21钢由于具有较多的未溶碳化物,比H13钢和铸钢具有高的耐磨性;在200-300℃下铸钢和H13钢随载荷的增加一直具有较低的磨损率和增长率,而H21钢当载荷达到200 N时磨损率忽然升高;在400℃下铸钢具有持续低的磨损率,明显低于H21和H13钢.可见,新型铸钢具有比常用热锻模具钢显著高的高温耐磨性.     

Tribological Behavior of Ti3SiC2—based Material

The wear and friction properties of Ti3SiC2-based materials were studied using the pin-on-disc method. The friction coefficient of Ti3SiC2-based material was not very sensitive to normal load, the steady state value, μ, increased from 0.4 to 0.5 when the normal load increased from 7.7 N to 14.7 N. The wear volume for Ti3SiC2 disc increased with increasing normal load or sliding distance in the tests. The average wear rate of Ti3SiC2-based material was 9.9×10-5 mm3/Nm. The debris on the Ti3SiC2 disc was essentially made up of Ti3SiC2 and steel pin materials, while the debris on the steel sliders was generally pin material. The wear mechanism was concluded as the fracture and delamination of Ti3SiC2-based materials followed by adhesive wear of steel sliders.     

Latest progress on tribological properties of industrial materials

Wear is closely related to friction and lubrication; the study of these three subjects is known as tribology. In science and technology it is concerned with interacting surfaces in relative motion. Soft or hard film coating, alloying and composite structuring have all been developed to control wear and friction. This is achieved by improving materials and surfaces with some characteristics that improve resistance to friction and wear. In recent years, several new solid lubricant and modern lubrication concepts have been developed to achieve better lubricity and longer wear life in demanding tribological applications. Most of the traditional solid lubricants were prepared in the form of metal, ceramic and polymer–matrix composites. They have been used successfully in various engineering applications. Recent progress in thin-film deposition technologies has led to the synthesis of new generations of self-lubricating coatings with composite or multilayered architectures, by using multiplex surface treatments. In this study, typical wear behaviors of representative materials of metallic alloys, ceramics, polymeric materials, and composites are reviewed in relation to their friction behaviors. Additionally, modeling for the wear prediction is outlined.     

Crack and wear behavior of SiC particulate reinforced aluminium based metal matrix composite fabricated by direct metal laser sintering process

In this investigation, crack density and wear performance of SiC particulate (SiCp) reinforced Al-based metal matrix composite (Al-MMC) fabricated by direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) process have been studied. Mainly, size and volume fraction of SiCp have been varied to analyze the crack and wear behavior of the composite. The study has suggested that crack density increases significantly after 15 volume percentage (vol.%) of SiCp. The paper has also suggested that when size (mesh) of reinforcement increases, wear resistance of the composite drops. Three hundred mesh of SiCp offers better wear resistance; above 300 mesh the specific wear rate increases significantly. Similarly, there has been no improvement of wear resistance after 20 vol.% of reinforcement. The scanning electron micrographs of the worn surfaces have revealed that during the wear test SiCp fragments into small pieces which act as abrasives to result in abrasive wear in the specimen.