航空发动机非线性数学模型的遗传算法

针对发动机非线性数学模型数值解法的收敛性问题应用了浮点数编码遗传算法，提出了将遗传算法与Broyden法相结合的方法。数值仿真结果表明，单独使用遗传算法时运算效率不高，而将遗传算法与Broyden法结合使用可有效的克服各自的不足，使得模型在保持原有运算效率的情形下扩大了收敛范围。     

数据挖掘在静电放电防护理论中的应用

研究了应用遗传算法进行关联规则挖掘的方法，提出了对遗传算法中适应度函数的构造、数据的编码等的改进方案，将改进的自适应Pc,Pm算法应用到遗传算法中来，从而提高了算法的效率；将其应用到静电放电防护的实验中去，取得了良好效果。     

遗传算法在岩土工程反演问题中的应用

综述了岩土工程反演的基本过程，并在介绍遗传算法研究进展的基础上，将遗传算法与传统优化算法进行比较，然后给出几种遗传算法的改进策略，同时介绍了遗传算法在岩土工程反演领域中经常使用的几种改进方法，最后通过实例验证了遗传算法是求解岩土工程反演问题的有效方法。     

基于遗传搜索算法的码激励线性预测编码

如何快速有效地搜索出激励码书中的最佳激励矢量是码激励线性预测编码(CELP)得以实际应用的关键问题之一．作者结合遗传算法的优点，将遗传算法应用于CELP的码字搜索，利用遗传算法的优越性，较快地搜到码书中的最佳激励码字．阐明了将遗传算法应用于码字搜索的具体思路，并给出了软件仿真结果.     

遗传优化的属性聚类在入侵检测中的应用

分析了入侵检测的问题，借助全局搜索能力强的遗传算法来解决聚类问题，并在标准遗传算法基础上进行了改进。提出了用遗传算法来优化属性聚类，将该算法运用于入侵检测系统的数据聚类，同时验证了算法的有效性。     

基于改进算法的移动机器人路径规划

机器人路径规划问题通常采用不同算法来对其进行规划，为发挥算法中改进遗传算法和鲸鱼优化法的优势，弥补遗传算法出现优化准确率和收敛度不高等问题，将改进遗传算法和鲸鱼优化法融合，增强移动机器人路径规划对动态环境的适应性能。对算法适应度函数进行优化，改善了基本遗传算法、提升了原算法对函数的求解效率。通过遗传算法、对遗传算法进行改进的算法、改进遗传算法与鲸鱼算法相融合的算法所运行的路径长度与运行时间进行比较，结果表明融合改进优化算法可以有效获取最优算子，减少运算时的迭代次数，同时提升算法的规划准确率。     

遗传算法的改进及其在水库优化调度中的应用研究

遗传算法是通过对样本中个体的不断改进来寻找各类问题的最优解。由于标准遗传算法（SGA）存在收敛性及个体适应度求解方面的困难，在研究中，通过对SGA中遗传算子改进，特别是对选择算子的改进，提出了一种改进遗传算法（AGA），并将它应用于水库优化调度中。改变通常以水位变化序列为基础的遗传算法编码方案，通过数组存储水库库容状态，并以各库容状态对应的数组下标为基础进行遗传算法编码，通过实例，表明AGA对水库优化调度问题具有良好的适应性，同时结合数组存储理论的遗传算法编码方法简化了水库优化调度遗传算法的实现过程。     

基于实数编码的遗传算法拟合驰豫曲线

介绍了遗传算法的原理和求解方法。将实数编码的遗传算法用于驰豫曲线的拟合，在利用残数法求得解的基础上确定了各参数的变化区间，在Matlab语言环境下实现了该算法，并与残数法的结果相比较，数值结果表明，遗传算法简单、准确，能更好地实现最优拟合。     

基于正交设计法的遗传算法

将正交设计法和遗传算法相结合，既保留了遗传算法本身的优点，又可以较好地解决遗传算法在达到全局最优解前收敛慢的问题。该算法能有效地求解函数优化问题。     

遗传算法用于电机电器优化设计的展望

介绍了遗传算法及其特点，分析了传统优化方法在电机电器优化设计领域存在的问题，认为遗传算法将是电机电器优化设计领域较理想的方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to