广东小煤炱科研究初报Ⅱ.

本文报告广东小光壳炱属和附丝壳属18个分类单位,其中小光壳炱属Asteridiella16个,杨桐树生小光壳炱Asterldlella adinandricola H.Hu、艾纳香生小光壳炱Asteridiella blumeicola H.Hu、黄杞树生小光壳炱Asteridiella engelhardtiicola H.Hu、泡花树生小光壳炱Asteridiella meliosmicola H.Hu和银鹊树生小光壳炱Asteridiella tapisciicola H.Hu为新种,11个我国新纪录种;附丝壳属Appendiculella 2个,嘉赐树生附丝壳Appendiculella caseariicola H.Hu和黄杞树生附丝壳Appendiculella engelhardtiicola H.Hu新种。     

广东小煤炱科研究初报II．

本文报告广东小光壳炱属和附丝壳属18个分类单位,其中小光壳炱属Asteridiella16个,杨桐树生小光壳炱Asterldlella adinandricola H.Hu、艾纳香生小光壳炱Asteridiella blumeicola H.Hu、黄杞树生小光壳炱Asteridiella engelhardtiicola H.Hu、泡花树生小光壳炱Asteridiella meliosmicola H.Hu和银鹊树生小光壳炱Asteridiella tapisciicola H.Hu为新种,11个我国新纪录种;附丝壳属Appendiculella 2个,嘉赐树生附丝壳Appendiculella caseariicola H.Hu和黄杞树生附丝壳Appendiculella engelhardtiicola H.Hu新种。     

中国附丝壳属研究Ⅲ.(英)

本文报道了中国的附丝壳属Appendiculella二个新种：八角附丝壳AppendiculellailliciiB．Song和新木姜子附丝壳AppendiculellaneolitseaeB．Song。新种附有拉丁文、英文描述和显微结构图。模式标本保存于广东省微生物研究所标本室（HMIGD）。     

中国附丝壳属研究

本文报道了附丝壳属Appendiculella von Hoehnel两个新种。它们是:蕈树附丝壳Appendiculella altingiae Y.X.Hu et B.Song、武夷附丝壳Appendiculella wuyiensis Y.X.Hu eL B.Song。新种附有拉丁文、中文描述和显微结构图。模式标本藏于广东省微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMIGD)。     

中国附丝壳属研究III.

本文报道了中国的附丝壳属Ａｐｐｅｎｄｉｃｕｌｅｌｌａ二个新种,八角附丝壳ＡｐｐｅｎｄｉｃｕｌｅｌｌａｉｌｌｉｃｉｉＢ．Ｓｏｎｇ和新木姜子附丝壳ＡｐｐｅｎｄｉｃｕｌｅｌｌａｎｅｏｌｉｔｓｅａｅＢ．Ｓｏｎｇ新种附有拉丁文,英文描述和显微构图,模式标本保存于广东省微生物研究所标本室（ＨＭＩＧＤ）。     

中国附丝壳属研究IV.

附丝壳属Appendiculella二个新种:赤苍藤附丝壳Appendiculella erythropali和忍冬附丝壳Appendiculella lonicerae,分别寄生在赤苍藤科植物赤苍藤Erythropalum scandens和忍冬科植物忍冬Lonicera japonica上。有拉丁文和英文描述,附了显微结构图。模式标本保存于广东省微生物研究所标本室(HMIGD)。     

中国附丝壳属研究Ⅱ.

报道了中国附丝壳属AppendiculellavonHoehnel5个种。其中野桐附丝壳AppendiculellamallotiB.SongetY.X．Hu为新种,其余4个种为我国大陆的初次报道。新种有拉丁文、中文描述和显微结构图。所有标本保藏于广东省微生物研究所标本室（HMIGD）。     

中国附丝壳属研究

本文报道了附丝壳属Ａｐｐｅｎｄｉｃｕｌｅｌｌａ ｖｏｎ Ｈｏｅｈｎｅｌ两个新种。它们是：蕈树附丝壳Ａｐｐｅｎｄｉｃｕｌｅｌｌａ ａｌｔｉｎｇｉａｅ Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｈｕ ｅｔ Ｂ．Ｓｏｎｇ、武夷附丝壳Ａｐｐｅｎｄｉｃｕｌｅｌｌａ ｗｕｙｉｅｎｓｉｓ Ｙ．Ｘ．Ｈｕ ｅｔ Ｂ．Ｓｏｎｇ。新种附有拉丁文、中文描述和显微结构图。模式标本藏于广东省微生物研究所真菌标本室（ＨＭＩＧＤ）。     

中国附丝壳属研究II．

报道了中国附丝壳属Appendiculella von Hoehnel 5个种。其中野桐附丝壳Appendiculella malloti B．Song et Y．X．Hu为新种,其余4个种为我国大陆的初次报道。新种有拉丁文、中文描述和显微结构图。所有标本保藏于广东省微生物研究所标本室(HMIGD)。     

中国的小煤炱科IV.

本文报告２７个分类单位,它们分别属于小煤炱属,小光壳炱属,附丝壳属和针壳炱属;联昌小煤炱,帽柱木生小煤炱水锦树生变种和拟石珠小光壳炱假木荷变种为新种和新变种。非洲小煤炱,蒲葵小煤炱,坦卡小煤炱为我国新记录。     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

为《Flora of China》提供的伞形科新资料

在为编写《Flora of China》伞形科而进行的修订工作中,提出了11个新组合,即矮小丝瓣芹Acronema minus (M. F. Watson) M. F. Watson & Z. H. Pan, 短柄丝瓣芹A. brevipedicellatum Z. H. Pan & M. F. Watson, 川西当归Angelica sinensis var. wilsonii (H. Wolff) Z. H. Pan & M. F. Watson, 云南细裂芹Harrysmithia franchetii (M. Hiroe) M. L. Sheh, 钝叶独活Heracleum candicans var. obtusifolium (Wall. ex DC.) F. T. Pu & M. F. Watson, 中华天胡荽Hydrocotyle hookeri ssp. chinensis (Dunn ex R. H. Shan & S. L. Liou) M. F. Watson & M. L. Sheh, 普渡天胡荽H. hookeri ssp. handelii (H. Wolff) M. F. Watson & M. L. Sheh, 锐棱岩风Libanotis grubovii (V. M. Vinogradova) M. L. Sheh & M. F. Watson, 美脉藁本Ligusticum likiangense (H. Wolff) F. T. Pu & M. F. Watson和线叶藁本L. nematophyllum (Pimenov & Kljuykov) F. T. Pu & M. F. Watson, 无管藁本L. nullivittatum (K. T. Fu) F. T. Pu & M. F. Watson和二色棱子芹Pleurospermum bicolor (Franch.) C. Norman ex Z. H. Pan & M. F. Watson.; 发现了1个新种,即短柄丝瓣芹。此外,还为Pleurospermum govanianum var. bicolor Franch.指定了后选模式。     

Entomopathogenic Nematode Infectivity Assay: Comparison of Penetration Rate into Different Hosts

Penetration rate (the percentage of the initial infective juvenile inoculum that invades an insect host) was tested as an indicator of entomopathogenic nematode infectivity. Several host-parasite-substrate combinations were evaluated for penetration rate. Four steinernematids, Steinernema carpocapsae, S. glaseri, S. feltiae, S. riobravis and two strains of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora were tested in a contact bioassay against the wax moth, Galleria mellonella, the yellow meal worm, Tenebrio molitor, the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon, and the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis. The insect larvae were confined individually in sand and filter paper arenas and exposed to 200 infective juveniles. After incubation, dead insects were dissected in order to count the nematodes penetrated. The data were analyzed for the effects of nematode strain and substrate on penetration rate. The bioassay substrate had a variable effect depending on the insect species. The nematode effect was highly significant for all insects tested. The penetration rate therefore allowed comparisons among nematode strains invading a host. Nematode ranking for infectivity differed according to the insect tested.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

The Role of Parasitoids and Entomopathogenic Fungi in Mortality of Third-instar and Adult Ceroplastes destructor and C. sinensis (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Ceroplastinae) on Citrus in New Zealand

The incidence of parasitism and disease in third-instar and adult Ceroplastes destructor Newstead and C. sinensis Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Coccidae) on citrus in Northland, New Zealand, was measured from 1991-1994. Both species were parasitized by female Euxanthellus philippiae Silvestri (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Female E. philippiae were hyper-parasitized by males of their own species and by Coccidoctonus dubius Girault (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Male E. philippiae were also tertiary parasitoids of C. dubius. E. philippiae was found in third-instar and adult C. sinensis , but was virtually restricted to third-instar C. destructor . Parasitoid phenology varied according to the instar and species of the host. Two fungal pathogens, Verticillium lecanii (Zimmermann) Viegas and Fusarium spp., were identified from both C. destructor and C. sinensis . Disease was a greater mortality factor than parasitism in C. destructor , whereas the opposite applied to those C. sinensis for which the cause of death could be identified. Disease levels were underestimated, particularly in C. destructor. Mortality from parasitism and disease did not act in a density-dependent manner.     

Allozyme relationships among ten species of Rhodniini, showing paraphyly of Rhodnius including Psammolestes

Genetic relationships among 10 species of bugs belonging to the tribe Rhodniini (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), including some important vectors of Chagas disease, were inferred from allozyme analysis of 12 enzyme loci (out of 21 enzyme systems examined), using agarose gel electrophoresis. These species formed two clusters: one comprising Rhodnius brethesi, R. ecuadoriensis, R. pallescens and R. pictipes; the other with Psammolestes tertius, Rhodnius domesticus and the Rhodnius prolixus group comprising R. nasutus, R. neglectus, R. prolixus and R. robustus. The resulting tree was [((R. ecuadoriensis, R. pallescens) R. brethesi) R. pictipes], [R. domesticus (P. tertius [(R. nasutus, R. neglectus) (R. prolixus, R. robustus)])]. Rhodnius nasutus and R. neglectus differed by only one locus, whereas no diagnostic loci were detected between R. prolixus and R. robustus (22 loci were analysed for these four species), despite considerable DNA sequence divergence between species in each of these pairs. Allozymes of the R. prolixus group showed greater similarity with Psammolestes tertius than with other Rhodnius spp., indicating that Rhodnius is paraphyletic and might include Psammolestes.     

Description d'une nouvelle espèce et analyse morpho-fonctionnelle du genre Doryaspis White (Heterostraci) du Dévonien du Spitsberg

Doryaspis groenhorgensis nov. sp. is a new pteraspidiform from the lower devonian of Spitsbergen. The genus Doryaspis is now considered as the most abundant pteraspidiform of the Wood Bay formation, with five described species. Moreover, the pteraspidiform diversity of this formation has been under rated all along the XXth century. A morpho-functional analysis of the Doryaspis generic characters (e.g. flat dorsal shield, ventral pseudorostrum, long cornual plates) allows to consider two possible mode of life. However, none of the pelagic or benthic mode of life is better supported than the other. The same analysis introduce some interpretative hypothesis on histology and moving of the Pteraspidiformes. The Pteraspidiformes diversity of Spitsbergen is important for further Devonian circum-arctic comparisons (e.g. siberian platform).     

Seasonal and Habitat Variability in the Fungal Pathogens, Neozygites cf. floridana and Hirsutella thompsonii, Associated with Cassava Mites in Benin, West Africa

A survey of the pathogenic fungi associated with mites on cassava in Benin, West Africa, revealed both geographical and seasonal variation in the presence of Neozygites cf. floridana (Weiser and Muma) and Hirsutella thompsonii Fisher on Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) and Oligonychus gossypii (Zacher). Few dead and infected mites were found during the dry season, regardless of vegetation zone. In three of 30 surveyed sites, N. floridana was found infecting 1% of the dead M. tanajoa and 2% of the dead O. gossypii, while H. thompsonii was observed infecting 20% of the dead M. tanajoa in a single site. The frequency of sites having infected mites during the wet season was 3.5 times greater than that seen during the dry season. N. floridana infected 10% of the dead M. tanajoa and 19% of the dead O. gossypii on young leaves. Mites infected with N. floridana were found either in the coastal Southern Forest Mosaic (SFM) or in the Northern Guinea Savanna vegetation zones. N. floridana was rare in the low mite densities associated with mature leaves. H. thompsonii was found on 19% and 29% of the dead M. tanajoa on young and mature leaves respectively. All M. tanajoa infected with H. thompsonii on young leaves and mature leaves (75%) were found in the SFM. A single M. tanajoa was the only infected mite found in the Southern Guinea Savanna. Relatively few O. gossypii were infected with H. thompsonii. N. floridana and H. thompsonii were found together in three sites, but never on the same host. Phytoseiids were never found infected with either pathogen. In a regression analysis, the number of dead mites was significantly estimated from the total number of mites for both species, regardless of leaf age. The numbers of dead M. tanajoa on mature leaves were also estimated from the proportion infected with H. thompsonii. The numbers of infected mites on young leaves were estimated from their association with the SFM for M. tanajoa infected with H. thompsonii, and from total mites for O. gossypii infected with N. floridana. On mature leaves, infected mite numbers were estimated from the numbers of dead M. tanajoa infected with H. thompsonii. The merit of introducing more virulent or better adapted isolates of N. floridana to control M. tanajoa in Africa is discussed.     

Materials for Chinese Phyllanthoideae

The present paper is part of taxonomic study on Chinese Phyllanthoideae. Included in it are two new varieties, Leptopus esquirolii var. villosus and Drypetes hainanensis var. longistipitata, one new combination, Glochidion triandrum var. siamense, and seven new records in China: Drypetes salicifolia, D. hoaensis. Actephila subsessilis, Glochidion khasicum, G. nubigennum, Bridelia spiosa and B. poilanei. In addition, seventeen taxon names are newly reduced: Liodendron formosanum = Drypetes formosana, Liodendron matsumurae = Drypetes matsumurae, D. longipes = D. indica, Antidesma paxii = A. acidum, A. hiiranense, A. filipes and A. pentandrum var. hiiranense = A. japonicum, A. calvescens = A. montanum, A. microphyllum = A. venosum, Breynia stipitata var. formosana and B. jormosana = B. vitis-idaea, Glochidion zeylanicum var. tomentosum = G. hirsutum, G. rubidulum = G. thomsonii, G. acuminatum = G. triandrum, G. fagifolium and Phyllanthus fagifolius = Glochidion sphaerogynum, Bridelia penangiena = B. insulana, B. henryana = B. tomentosa. All the types are kept in SCBl and PE.