Au/La2O3/TiO2催化甲醇水蒸汽重整制氢

用沉积-沉淀法制备了Au/La2O3/TiO2催化剂,考察了制备条件和反应条件对催化剂活性的影响,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等测试手段对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明La2O3的加入可使催化剂催化甲醇水重整的催化活性明显提高,且明显降低产物气体中CO和CH4的含量,使氢气选择性明显增加. 当nH2O/nCH3OH=1.0、液体进料空速WHSV=3.42 h-1、反应温度为275℃时,Au/La2O3/TiO2催化剂催化甲醇水蒸汽重整制氢反应的效果最佳.     

制备参数对Au/TiO_2催化剂上CO低温氧化性能的影响

以溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2载体,用沉积-沉淀法制备出一系列负载型Au/TiO2。系统考察了焙烧温度、金的负载量、反应液pH值、沉淀剂种类以及Cl-存在与否等制备参数对催化剂活性的影响。以室温下CO的催化氧化为探针反应,确定催化剂的最适宜制备参数,并对优化的质量分数为1.0%的Au/TiO2催化剂进行了活性稳定性测试。结果表明：Au/TiO2的最适宜焙烧温度是200～350℃;反应液的最适宜pH值为9;最适宜沉淀剂是NaOH;金的负载量（质量分数,下同）在0.5%～5.0%范围内时,金含量越高,催化剂活性和热稳定性越好。大量Cl-的存在能导致催化剂活性的显著下降。对优化的Au/TiO2催化剂在室温下催化氧化不同浓度的CO进行循环测试,经历3次循环,连续反应2 160 min后,CO的转化率仍为100%。     

Au/α-Fe2O3催化剂选择性氧化富氢气中CO的性能研究

通过并流共沉淀法制备了Au/-Fe2O3催化剂,考察了金负载量及焙烧温度对Au/-Fe2O3催化剂的物化结构及其选择性氧化富氢气体中CO催化性能的影响。研究结果表明,金负载量和焙烧温度对催化剂的性能均有较大影响,金负载量为1.5%(wt),低温焙烧(200~400℃)时制得的Au/-Fe2O3催化剂对CO选择性氧化反应具有很好的催化活性和选择性,其中金负载量为1.5%(wt)、300℃焙烧的Au/-Fe2O3催化剂,在40℃时对富氢气体中CO的转化率达到100%,选择性为 66%,该催化剂连续反应120h催化活性没有明显下降。XRD、BET和TEM分析结果表明,催化剂的性能与单质Au的粒径有关,粒径越小,催化活性越高。     

1,2-丙二醇氧化酯化制备高附加值C3化学品

以拟薄水铝石为原料,通过高温焙烧制备γ-Al₂O₃,并以γ-Al₂O₃为载体,通过吸附还原法制备了3Au/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂[其中3为m(Au)∶m(催化剂)=3%]。通过TEM、XRD、ICP-OES和BET对催化剂的形貌和结构进行了表征,考察了3Au/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂在1,2-丙二醇氧化酯化制备高附加值C3化学品的催化性能。结果表明,Au颗粒的高效分散有助于提高催化剂的性能;在优选条件下,以甲醇为溶剂,无碱助剂的体系中1,2-丙二醇的转化率为63.0%,C3化学品总选择性为63.6%;并且发现增加催化剂中Au负载量,可能会影响反应的发生,从而降低主产物的选择性。     

催化剂Au/NiO/TiO2对富氢中CO催化活性研究

以纳米TiO2做载体用共沉淀法负载不同含量Au和NiO的催化剂,研究了在不同条件下制备的催化剂对富氢气体中CO催化转的转化率与选择性,并表征了合成的催化剂,对催化剂进行了活性评价.结果表明加入NiO有助于催化剂活性的提高,当催化剂的组成为Au(2%)/NiO(5%)/TiO2时,反应溶液pH值在9～11,催化剂的评价温度在30℃催化剂对CO的转化率与选择性最高.     

载体焙烧温度对Ni-Mo/TiO2催化剂的影响

采用碳源助剂改性载体TiO2,制备催化剂Ni-Mo/TiO2催化剂,考察载体焙烧温度对催化剂性能的影响,并采用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对载体及催化剂进行表征.结果表明,焙烧温度为500～600℃时,TiO2晶粒大小适中,活性元素分布均匀,焙烧温度为550℃的载体制备的催化剂加氢性能较好.     

纳米金催化剂室温下对甲醛的催化氧化

Fe Ox和Ce O2对于Au/Al_2O_3催化剂催化氧化甲醛是一种有效助剂。本文采用等体积浸渍法制备了Au/Fe Ox/Al_2O_3和Au/Fe Ox-Ce O2/Al_2O_3复合催化剂。考察金负载量和Fe Ox-Ce O2复合助剂对催化剂室温催化氧化甲醛的影响,并利用XRD、BET和透射电镜(TEM)对催化剂进行技术表征。研究表明:在Au负载量等同时,催化活性顺序是:Au/Fe O_x-Ce O_2/Al_2O_3Au/Fe O_x/Al_2O_3Au/Ce O2/Al_2O_3;Au负载量越高催化剂催化活性越好。     

Pt-CeO2/TiO2催化剂催化湿式氧化苯酚废水的研究

以TiO2为载体,利用分步浸渍法制备了Pt-CeO2/TiO2、Pt-ZrO2/TiO2、Pt-La2O3/TiO2、Pt-Pr2O3/TiO2和Pt-SnO2/TiO2催化剂,并催化湿式氧化高浓度苯酚废水。Pt-CeO2/TiO2催化剂的活性最好,在反应温度为160℃、氧分压为2.25 MPa,反应时间为2 h的条件下,苯酚和COD的去除率分别为87.53%和72.06%。进一步研究助剂含量对催化剂性能的影响,当CeO2负载量为12.5%时,催化剂Pt-CeO2/TiO2的催化性能最佳。XRD和TEM结果表明,助剂CeO2的引入起到降低Pt的粒径,提高Pt在载体表面的分散度的作用。     

Ni/SiO2催化剂的制备条件对催化间二硝基苯加氢反应性能的影响

将Ni/SiO₂催化剂应用于间二硝基苯加氢反应中,考察了该催化剂制备过程中焙烧温度和还原温度对其催化性能的影响,并通过BET、XRD、TEM、TPR等方法对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,在实验研究范围内,随着焙烧温度的提高,Ni/SiO₂催化剂比表面积降低,NiO与载体SiO₂之间的相互作用逐渐增强,催化剂的还原温度明显提高,活性组分Ni的晶粒度增大,焙烧温度为773 K时催化剂具有最佳的催化反应性能,此时活性组分Ni以高分散状态存在.催化剂的还原温度对Ni/SiO₂催化剂的结构和催化性能影响显著,当还原温度较低时,活性组分还原不完全,催化剂活性较低;而还原温度太高会使活性组分烧结,导致催化剂活性明显降低;还原温度为723 K时催化剂表现出最佳的活性和选择性.     

TiO2载体在SCR脱硝催化剂中应用的研究进展

脱硝催化剂的开发利用是选择性催化还原(Selective catalytical reduction,SCR)脱硝技术的核心.载体对SCR脱硝催化剂性能影响很大,锐钛矿型TiO2载体因其优异的性能而成为应用研究的热点.本文主要阐述SCR脱硝催化剂载体的研究进展;重点论述TiO2载体粒径、比表面积对脱硝催化剂性能及其对焙烧制度、负载量等制备条件的影响;简述TiO2载体孔结构、形貌对催化脱硝性能的影响.最后,展望了利用TiO2载体制备低温高效SCR脱硝催化剂的前景.     

制备条件对Au/TiO_2液相氧化反应活性的影响

采用沉积-沉淀法制备纳米级Au/TiO_2催化剂,以葡萄糖液相催化氧化制葡萄糖酸为探针反应,考察了催化剂制备条件对Au/TiO_2活性的影响,并利用TEM、XRD和XPS等方法对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,Au/TiO_2对葡萄糖液相氧化反应的催化活性与催化剂的制备条件密切相关,纳米金的颗粒尺寸不是决定催化活性的惟一因素,金在催化剂中的价态对催化活性有重要影响。     

Methanobactin-Mediated Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Supported over Al2O3 toward an Efficient Catalyst for Glucose Oxidation

Methanobactin (Mb) is a copper-binding peptide that appears to function as an agent for copper sequestration and uptake in methanotrophs. Mb can also bind and reduce Au(III) to Au(0). In this paper, Au/Al₂O₃ catalysts prepared by a novel incipient wetness-Mb-mediated bioreduction method were used for glucose oxidation. The catalysts were characterized, and the analysis revealed that very small gold nanoparticles with a particle size <4 nm were prepared by the incipient wetness-Mb-mediated bioreduction method, even at 1.0% Au loading (w/w). The influence of Au loading, calcination temperature and calcination time on the specific activity of Au/Al₂O₃ catalysts was systematically investigated. Experimental results showed that decomposing the Mb molecules properly by calcinations can enhance the specific activity of Au/Al₂O₃ catalysts, though they acted as reductant and protective agents during the catalyst preparation. Au/Al₂O₃ catalysts synthesized by the method exhibited optimum specific activity under operational synthesis conditions of Au loading of 1.0 wt % and calcined at 450 °C for 2 h. The catalysts were reused eight times, without a significant decrease in specific activity. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt at the preparation of Au/Al₂O₃ catalysts by Mb-mediated in situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles.     

焙烧条件对NiO/TiO2催化剂结构和脱硝性能的影响

以锐钛矿型纳米TiO2为载体,浸渍负载过渡金属氧化物,制备NiO/TiO2催化剂,并考察其脱硝性能.以计算量的Ni(NO3)2和Fe(NO3)3混合溶液浸渍纳米TiO2粉末,室温下搅拌30 min至混合均匀,放入旋转蒸发器,70℃和0.08 MPa条件下至水分蒸干.在空气中,以不同的温度和时间焙烧,得到负载质量分数均为...     

直接还原法制备纳米金催化剂及其对甲醛氧化的活性研究

选用典型的非活性载体MgO、γ-Al2O3和活性载体TiO2、CeO2,采用硼氢化钠直接还原法制备4种负载型纳米金催化剂,催化甲醛氧化。结果表明,其对甲醛氧化的活性规律为Au/CeO2>Au/TiO2>Au/γ-Al2O3>Au/MgO,并对其进行了金含量、比表面测定和TEM形貌分析,为净化甲醛污染提供了有效依据。     

Preparation of Au/TiO2 catalysts from Au(I)–thiosulfate complex and study of their photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange

Gold loaded on TiO₂ (Au/TiO₂) catalysts were prepared using Au(I)–thiosulfate complex (Au(S₂O₃)₂³⁻) as the gold precursor for the first time. The samples were characterized by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic absorption flame emission spectroscopy (AAS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. Using Au(S₂O₃)₂³⁻ as gold precursor, ultra-fine gold nanoparticles with a highly disperse state can be successfully formed on the surface of TiO₂. The diameter of Au nanoparticles increases from 1.8 to 3.0 nm with increasing the nominal Au loading from 1% to 8%. The photocatalytic activity of Au/TiO₂ catalysts was evaluated from the analysis of the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO). With the similar Au loading, the catalysts prepared with Au(S₂O₃)₂³⁻ precursor exhibit higher photocatalytic activity for methyl orange degradation when compared with the Au/TiO₂ catalysts prepared with the methods of deposition–precipitation (DP) and impregnation (IMP). The preparation method has decisive influences on the morphology, size and number of Au nanoparticles loaded on the surface of TiO₂ and further affects the photocatalytic activity of the obtained catalysts.     

Complete oxidation of 2-propanol over gold-based catalysts supported on metal oxides

This paper concerns the preparation of metal oxide-supported gold catalysts and their application to 2-propanol abatement in order to lower the light off temperature. Catalytic oxidation of 2-propanol was investigated on Au/CeO₂, Au/Fe₂O₃, Au/TiO₂ and Au/Al₂O₃ catalysts prepared from the deposition–precipitation (DP) method. The catalysts are characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), BET (Brunner–Emmett–Teller), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), NH₃-TPD (NH₃-temperature programmed desorption), H₂-TPR (H₂-temperature programmed reduction), ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) techniques. The catalytic activity of Au/metal oxide samples towards the deep oxidation of 2-propanol to CO₂ and water has been found to be strongly dependent on the kind of supports, the amount of gold loading, the calcination temperature and the moisture content in the feed.     

负载型纳米Au/HZSM-5催化剂的制备及其在甲烷吸附中的应用

采用离子交换法制备负载型纳米HZSM-5分子筛,采用负压-沉积沉淀法制备负载型纳米Au/HZSM-5催化剂,对载体及催化剂进行XRD、UV-Vis、TEM、XPS、NH₃-TPD和FT-IR等表征,并评价催化剂的甲烷吸附性能。XRD与TEM表征结果表明,N₂气氛焙烧的2.0%Au/HZSM-5催化剂金粒子尺寸较小,为（5~10） nm;UV-Vis表征结果表明,焙烧导致负载金的价态由离子态转为零价态,且N₂气氛焙烧的2.0%Au/HZSM-5催化剂上零价金的吸收峰较弱,即相应的颗粒度较小;XPS表征结果表明,金负载量越高,催化剂上零价金占总金的比例越高;NH₃-TPD表征结果表明,金负载量较小时,催化剂强酸中心峰面积较载体下降,负载量较大时,强酸和弱酸中心峰面积均下降;FT-IR表征结果表明,低温下金催化剂能将甲烷转化为含有烯烃双键的吸附物种,显示出载金催化剂对甲烷较强的C-H键活化能力。     

Production of hydrogen via partial oxidation of methanol over Au/TiO2 catalysts

Selective production of hydrogen by partial oxidation of methanol (CH₃OH + (1/2)O₂ → 2H₂ + CO₂) over Au/TiO₂ catalysts, prepared by a deposition–precipitation method, was studied. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, and XPS analyses. TEM observations show that the Au/TiO₂ catalysts exhibit hemispherical gold particles, which are strongly attached to the metal oxide support at their flat planes. The size of the gold particles decreases from 3.5 to 1.9 nm during preparation of the catalysts with the rise in pH from 6 to 9 and increases from 2.9 to 4.3 nm with the rise in calcination temperature up to 673 K. XPS analyses demonstrate that in uncalcined catalysts gold existed in three different states: i.e., metallic gold (Au⁰), non-metallic gold (Au^δ+) and Au₂O₃, and in catalysts calcined at 573 K only in metallic state. The catalytic activity is strongly dependent on the gold particle size. The catalyst precipitated at pH 8 and uncalcined catalysts show the highest activity for hydrogen generation. The partial pressure of oxygen plays an important role in determining the product distribution. There is no carbon monoxide detected when the O₂/CH₃OH molar ratio in the feed is 0.3. Both hydrogen selectivity and methanol conversion increase with increasing the reaction temperature. The reaction pathway is suggested to consist of consecutive methanol combustion, partial oxidation and steam reforming.     

制备条件对柴油车用V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂催化性能的影响

采用偏NH4VO3和TiO2为前驱体制备选择性催化还原(SCR)催化剂涂层所需浆料,分别以分步涂覆法和一步涂覆法将浆料浸涂在蜂窝陶瓷载体上,得到了整体涂覆式选择性催化还原催化剂.对草酸添加量、焙烧时间及V2O5含量对催化活性的影响进行了研究,结果表明,V2O5(4%)-WO3/TiO2(450℃,3 h)和V2O5(5...