乙二胺羟丙基壳聚糖固定化天门冬酰胺酶的研究

研制了新型壳聚糖胺基衍生物-乙二胺羟丙基壳聚糖（EDA-HPCS）,并将其用于固定天门冬酰胺酶,分别考察了甲醛活化载体和戊二醛活化载体对固定化酶活力的影响,结果表明,在适当的固定化条件下,甲醛活化EDA-HPCS的固定化酶活力约为30U/g载体,而戊二醛活化EDA-HPCS固定化酶活力约为16U/g载体。     

陶瓷-壳聚糖复合材料固定真菌漆酶

以陶瓷为第一载体,壳聚糖为二次载体,戊二醛为交联剂,采用共价结合和吸附联用法制备固定化漆酶。考察了漆酶固定化的影响因素,并对固定化漆酶的性质进行了研究。结果表明,漆酶固定化的适宜条件为0.15g壳聚糖-陶瓷复合载体,加入3mL 1.25?mg/mL漆酶磷酸盐缓冲溶液（0.1mol/L, pH4.0）,在4℃固定24h。酶的固定化效率是51.0%,固定化酶的酶活是55.87U/g,最适pH为3.0,最适温度分别为25℃和50℃。该固定化酶具有良好的贮存和操作稳定性。在pH3.0,温度25℃时,固定化酶对2,2-连氮基-双-(3-乙基苯并二氢噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐的表观米氏常数为66.64μmol/L。     

玻璃纤维素壳聚糖膜固定乙酰胆碱酯酶的研究

以玻璃纤维素壳聚糖膜为载体,戊二醛为交联剂,进行乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的固定,并对固定化酶的理化性质进行研究.结果表明,乙酰胆碱酯酶的较佳固定化条件为:150 U/mL AChE液50μL,体积分数为5%的戊二醛溶液50μL,质量分数为1%的BSA100μL,pH值为8.0的0.2 mol/L PBS缓冲液,配制成1 mL酶液,玻璃纤维素壳聚糖膜浸于此酶液4℃固定8 h.固定化酶的最适作用温度37℃,最适pH 8.0,能够重复利用4次以上,表明该固定化酶的稳定性较高.     

多胺化壳聚糖载体固定化漆酶及其性质研究

以多胺化壳聚糖为载体,戊二醛为交联剂固定化白毒鹅膏菌漆酶,研究了最佳固定化条件及固定化酶的部分性质.结果表明,戊二醛浓度2％,交联时间14h,固定化时间6h,给酶最70mg/g载体时同定化效果最佳,酶活力可达64.3 U/g.此固定化漆酶的Km为8.73mmol· L-1;最适pH值4.2,较自由漆酶向酸性偏移;最适反...     

重组毕赤酵母生产β-葡萄糖苷酶发酵条件优化及固定化研究

为了实现绿色木霉菌Trichoderma viride来源的β-葡萄糖苷酶在重组毕赤酵母中的高效表达,对重组菌P.pastoris KM71/pPIC9K-bgl1/pPICZ A-pdi进行3.6L罐发酵培养条件优化。结果表明,当诱导温度28℃,初始诱导菌体浓度50g/L,诱导阶段甲醇体积分数1.0%时,酶活力最高,能达到1452U/mL。同时以壳聚糖为载体、戊二醛为交联剂,采用吸附交联法对β-葡萄糖苷酶进行固定化。结果表明,当壳聚糖质量浓度0.03g/mL,戊二醛质量浓度0.008g/mL,游离酶添加量400U/g(1g壳聚糖微球加酶量为400U),固定化吸附时间20h时,固定化酶酶活回收率最高,达到65.4%。以800g/L葡萄糖为底物,优化的转化条件下连续转化6次,低聚龙胆糖产率仍达到15.2%,显示出该固定化酶具有较好的持续利用性及较高的低聚龙胆糖生产能力。     

魔芋葡甘聚糖戊二醛的制备及其固定化脲酶性质

以魔芋葡甘聚糖为原料,通过戊二醛交联作用制备出海绵状的载体,并对脲酶进行固定化。实验研究了脲酶的最佳固定化条件,比较了固定化脲酶与游离脲酶的酶学性质。研究结果表明,载体最优制备条件为:1.5 g魔芋精粉充分溶解于30 mL 0.1 mol/L的NaOH溶液中,经50%0.1 mol/LNaOH的乙醇溶液不溶性处理,5%的戊二醛溶液活化1.5 h;最佳的联酶条件是在4℃下联酶60 min。该固定化脲酶的最适温度为60℃,最适pH为7.5,米氏常数Km为0.001 87。研究表明,载体经冷冻处理后再固定化可以大大提高固定化脲酶的稳定性。     

凝胶法固定乙酰胆碱酯酶的研究

以海藻酸钠为载体包埋固定乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE),考察了影响酶固定化的重要因素,获得了最佳固定化条件。实验结果表明,将1U乙酰胆碱酯酶,2μLφ(戊二醛)为5%的戊二醛,1μL10g/L的牛血清白蛋白(BSA),与30g/L的海藻酸钠配成300μL的酶溶液,滴入20g/L的氯化钙溶液中,3℃下固定8h,制备的凝胶酶珠机械强度高,活力重现性好。在20g/L的氯化钙溶液中3℃下保存40d,活力基本不变,相对标准偏差为5.53%～6.82%。     

用循环酶反应器系统测定固化酶动力学常数

本文提出利用循环酶反应器系统研究固定化酶反应机理及测定有关动力学参数的方法。用此法分析以聚丙烯酸甲酯为载体的固定化糖化酶反应动力学获知,该反应为产物竞争性抑制反应,它的表观米氏常数K_M=4.66×10~(-3)mol/L,产物葡萄糖抑制常数K_I=3.78×10~(-3)mol/L,固定化酶的比活性(?)=0.85U/g干固定化酶。     

壳聚糖固定化蚯蚓纤溶酶及其性质

以壳聚糖为载体,戊二醛为交联荆,用吸附交联法固定蚯蚓纤溶酶,对蚯蚓纤溶酶的固定化条件及固定化酶的各种性质进行了研究,确定了酶固定的最适条件:1 g用pH为6.5的磷酸盐缓冲液浸泡的壳聚糖载体与5 mL体积分数为1%戊二醛在25℃交联8 h,充分洗去戊二醛之后,加入蚯蚓纤溶酶13 U,4℃吸附6 h,充分洗去未交联的游离酶,酶活力回收最高大约为63%,固定化酶的比活为0.082 U/mg.固定化酶,游离酶的最适温度均为50℃,游离酶的最适pH值为8.5,而固定化酶的最适pH值为8.0,固定化酶的热稳定性,pH稳定性均比游离酶有所提高,游离酶、固定化酶都能水解纤维蛋白原和纤维蛋白,固定化酶不再水解BSA.     

固定化木瓜蛋白酶的研究及其应用

从8种载体材料中选取自制的氨基含量约2．878mmol/g的甲壳质作为固定化载体,采用吸附交联法,以戊二醛为交联剂,对木瓜蛋白酶进行固定化。17．5mg/g的固定化酶／载体比较,pH6.5,5℃下,先吸附10min,再以0．7％的戊二醛终浓度交联12h,所得固定化酶酶活回收可达52．0％,酶活力为3．54U／g。固定化酶在65℃以下,溶液酶在55℃以下稳定;固定化酶在pH7.0以下稳定,溶液酶在pH6.0以下稳定;5℃条件下,固定化酶贮藏半衰期为183d;以酪蛋白为底物,固定化酶的操作半衰期可达27d。用固定化酶水解甲壳胺,产物分子量小于10 000的甲壳胺低聚糖得率约为45．55％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-