Study on Sulfation of CeO2/γ-Al2O3 Sorbent in Simulated Flue Gas

It is well known that sulfur dioxide(SO2) , morethan50%of which arise fromcombustion of fossil fu-els ,are precursors of acidrain andtheir emission pos-es a global threat tothe atmosphere .Environmental a-gencies have ,therefore ,regulated emissions of SO…     

Partial oxidation of methane on Ni/CeO2-ZrO2/γ-Al2O3 prepared using different processes

The influences of CeO2-ZrO2 and γ-Al2O3 mixing methods on the catalytic activity and stability of partial oxidation of methane (POM) were investigated over Ni/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2-Al2O3 catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, TPR, H2-chemsorption, and TG-DTA. For fresh catalysts, the results showed that the salt precursor mixing catalyst (ATOM) presented better performance than the catalysts prepared by the precipitator mixing method (MOL) and the powder mechanically mixing method (MECH). The result of XRD suggested that the interaction between CeO2-ZrO2 and Al2O3 in ATOM sample was stronger than the others, which led to more lattice defects and thereby better initial activity. Moreover, the MECH sample had the best stability and the least coke deposition in 24 h stability tests. The results of TPR and H2-chemsorption indicated that the intimate contact of Ni-Al in MECH sample enhanced the ability of resisting coke deposition and metal sintering.     

Magnetic Properties and Activity of Pt-Er/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts

A series of Pt-Er/γ-Al2O3 catalysts containing 0. 5 % （mass fraction） platinum and 0.05 %-1.5 % Er were prepared by impregnation of γ-Al2O3 supported with different concentrations of erbium chloride solution. The surface properties of the catalysts were studied by methods of temperature programmed reduction and temperature programmed desorption. The magnetic behavior of Pt-Er/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were studied with a Faraday magnetic balance and the results show that the addition of Er can affect the surface properties, the catalytic activities, and magnetic behavior of the reforming catalysts. It is found that there is a corresponding relationship between the susceptibility and selectivity of Pt-Er/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. The experimental results show that Er plays the role of electron promoter.     

纳米TiO2-Al2O3复合粉体的电化学合成

用电化学合成方法制备了TiO2-Al2O3的复合粉体材料,借助化学热力学数据库软件系统对体系进行了热力学分析。所得到的TiO2/Al2O3的复合粉体中,氧化铝主要沉积在二氧化钛颗粒的表面,且二氧化钛的成分任意可调。对TiO2-Al2O3复合凝胶进一步高温处理,可获得纳米Al2TiO5。     

CeO2-Gd2O3纳米复合粉的模压成形行为研究

测定了CeO2-Gd2O3纳米复合粉压制过程中压坯密度与成形压力的关系曲线。成形压力低于100MPa时。压坯密度随压力的增大而急剧增加；成形压力继续增大，压坯密度随压力的变化减慢。由压坯密度一压力对数关系曲线可知，粉末中团粒的屈服强度为44．7MPa。另外，粉末的压制规律遵循黄培云双对数方程。     

La2O3纳米晶的制备及表征

以硝酸镧、酒石酸铵为原料,采用络合沉淀法制备了前驱物.前驱物经80℃烘干,用红外光谱,TG-DTA进行了测定,结果表明,前驱物为酒石酸镧络合物La2L3·12H2O.然后置于马弗炉中于650℃、750℃和850℃分别煅烧2h,得到不同粒径的La2O3样品,用XRD、TEM和SEM等测试方法进行了表征,样品的平均粒径分别约为20.67nm、28.14nm和39.55nm.     

共沉淀法制备Al/Cr_2O_3复合粒子及其性能研究

采用共沉淀法将Cr2O3复合于片状金属铝粉表面获得了包覆效果好的Al/Cr2O3复合粒子。为了保证复合粒子的红外隐身性能,对前躯体粒子Al/Cr(OH)3进行了TG-DSC测试,确定了对前躯体的热处理温度;同时借助于XRD,SEM测试对制得的Al/Cr2O3粉末的相组成和形貌进行了表征,此外,将Al/Cr2O3粉末制成红外隐身涂层进行红外辐射率性能测试。结果表明,当铝粉含量为50%(质量分数)时制得的Al/Cr2O3复合粒子包覆较为完整,红外辐射率值最低为0.77。Cr2O3对片状Al粉的包覆在降低红外辐射率的同时不仅避免了Al粉的"显形"和氧化,其本身的绿色还可以起到可见光隐身的效果,在林地的迷彩隐身中具有重要的应用价值。     

MnO_2/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂上3-戊酮的合成研究

采用γ-Al2O3为载体,金属氧化物为活性组分,以丙酸为原料,在固定床反应器上合成了3-戊酮。实验研究了γ-Al2O3上负载不同活性组分对反应收率的影响,确定了活性物质为MnO2时催化活性最高;研究了催化剂的负载量、浸渍时间、焙烧温度及实验反应温度对催化剂活性及反应产率的影响。结果表明,Mn的负载量为10%～13%,浸渍时间大于5 h,焙烧温度为450～600℃,焙烧时间为4～7 h制得的催化剂活性最优;较佳的反应温度范围为330～410℃。在此条件下,丙酸转化率大于95%,产物选择性大于90%。     

Characterization of CuO Species and Thermal Solid-Solid Interaction in CuO/CeO2-Al2O3 Catalyst by In-Situ XRD, Raman Spectroscopy and TPR

Transference of CuO species and thermal solid-solid interaction in CuO/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst prepared by an impregnation method were characterized by in-situ XRD, Raman spectroscopy and H2-TPR techniques. For the catalyst calcined at 300℃, two kinds of CuO species coexist on the surface, that is, highly dispersed and bulk CuO crystalline phase. Four kinds of CuO species are present for the catalyst calcined at 600 ℃, ： （1） highly dispersed CuO, （2） bulk CuO on the surface, （3） bulk CuO in the internal layer of CeO2, and （4） CuAl2O4 formed from CuO-Al2O3 interaction. For the catalyst calcined at 800 ℃,C, besides very little highly dispersed and bulk CuO on the surface, most of the CuO has transferred into the internal layer of CeO2 and the mass of CuAl2O4 are increased. At 900 ℃,, all of CuO has diffused into the internal layer of CeO2 and formed CuAl2O4. The results show that the distribution of CuO species in the catalysts depends on the calcination temperature; the different CuO species can be effectively confirmed by in-situ XRD, Raman spectroscopy and H2-TPR techniques.     

Catalytic Reduction of SO2 on CeO2-La2O3 Rare Earth Mixed Compounds

Adding rare earth oxide CeO2 with variable valences to La2O3 formed a mixture of rare earth oxides. By means of dipping CeO2, La2O3 and their mixture, whose carriers were all γ-Al2O3, were used as the catalyst for the reduction of SO2 by CO. The activation process of this catalyst and the impact of temperature and reactant concentration on the activation process were investigated. Using X-ray diffraction, the structure characteristics of catalyst before and after reaction were analyzed to reveal the change of phase structure. The result shows that the rare earth oxide mixtures composing of CeO2 and La2O3, as the catalyst for the reduction of SO2 by CO, diminish activation temperature 50～100℃ less and have higher activity than a single oxide CeO2 or La2O3. The reason possibl is that La2O3 goes into in the lattice of CeO2 to form solid phase complex CeO2-La2O3 and increases the capability of CeO2-La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst to store oxygen, which supplies the redox of CeO2 reaction with a better condition. At the same time, elemental sulfur formed in the redox reaction impels La203 to be transformed to activation phase La2O2S in a lower temperature, which can be explained with the synergism between redox reaction and COS intermediate mechanism reaction.     

高分子凝胶法制备纳米晶α-Fe2O3

以Fe(NO3)3.9H2O为原料,丙烯酰胺为聚合单体,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为网络剂,采用高分子凝胶法制备了纳米α-Fe2O3。采用FT-IR,X-ray和TEM等方法对产物进行了表征。结果表明,单体和网络剂的配比为5∶1时得到均匀稳定的凝胶,当干凝胶在450℃煅烧时,形成纯相的α-Fe2O3,由透射电镜照片可知粒子尺寸分布均匀,平均粒径约为40nm,粒子尺寸在30~45 nm的数量占70%,红外光谱显示有机物煅烧完全,出现明显的铁-氧键的特征吸收峰。     

液相法间接制备α-Al2O3粉体的形貌控制

评述了液相法间接制备α-Al2O3粉体过程中，氧化铝前驱体特性和煅烧工艺对α-Al2O3粉体形貌的影响及其控制方法。根据目前在控制氧化铝前驱体形貌方面取得的进展和前驱体转化为α-Al2O3后较难保持其形状的不足，对α-Al2O3粉体形貌控制的研究与开发提出了建议。     

EDTA对纳米γ-Al_2O_3浆料分散性能的影响

为了分析有机小分子对纳米粉末分散性的影响,通过一系列沉降实验,研究有机乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)对纳米γ-Al2O3浆料的分散效果.测定浆料的Zeta电位-pH曲线,并确定其等电位点.使用激光粒度分析仪对比分析EDTA及pH值对浆料粒度的影响;利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)试验验证浆料颗粒的表面化学吸附现象,探讨EDTA的分散机理.实验结果表明,EDTA化学吸附到浆料颗粒的表面,通过颗粒间的静电斥力起到很好的分散作用.     

α-Al2O3在耐火材料中应用性能的研究

通过对添加不同微晶活性α—Al2O3所获得的耐火浇注料之烘干强度和烧结后强度的实验数据对比，可知微晶活性α—Al2O3微粉用于耐火材料的性能优于活性α—Al2O3微粉，其结论同样适用于板状刚玉的生产。     

CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂制备、表征及其催化湿式氧化含氰废水活性研究

采用浸渍法制备了用于催化湿式氧化工艺的负载型CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂,采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM对其进行了表征,并以CN-为目标污染物,考察了CuO/γ-Al2O3催化剂的催化活性和稳定性。试验研究表明：催化剂中的活性组分Cu是以CuO的形式存在,并且成功负载于载体γ-Al2O3;对于初始质量浓度为2 000 mg/L的含氰废水,反应温度为130℃,搅拌速度为600 r/min,pH值为8,催化剂投加量为0.5 g/L,氧化剂30%H2O2用量为5 mL/L废水时,反应时间30 min,CN-去除率可达到99%以上;重复使用30次后,催化活性大幅度降低。     

反向共沉淀法制备Y2O3-ZrO2陶瓷粉末

鉴于在ZrO2中加入Y2O3做稳定剂可有效提高ZrO2陶瓷的高温相稳定性,以ZrOCl2.8H2O和YCl3为原料,聚乙二醇(PEG)为分散剂,采用反向共沉淀法制备出Y2O3-ZrO2陶瓷粉末.利用XRD、SEM、DSC-TG、BET和激光粒度衍射对Y2O3-ZrO2粉末进行性能表征.结果表明:Y2O3-ZrO2粉末在800 ℃煅烧后的平均晶粒尺寸为25.2 nm,采用喷雾干燥得到的粉末球形度好,粒度分布窄;加入适量分散剂能较好地抑制颗粒团聚.     

均匀沉淀法合成纳米Y2O3研究

以硝酸钇为原料,尿素为沉淀剂,低分子量聚丙烯酸钠为分散剂,研究了采用均匀沉淀法合成纳米Y2O3的工艺过程.制备条件为钇离子浓度0.3mol/L; 尿素与硝酸钇的摩尔比为41;分散剂聚丙烯酸钠的用量为1%(体积分数);反应时间4h,反应温度95℃;煅烧温度为850℃,煅烧时间3 h.制备得到粒径为32nm、无团聚、粒径均匀的纳米Y2O3.     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3渣系脱磷行为

利用Factsage软件计算了Al2O3含量对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3四元渣系熔点和黏度的影响,并通过实验研究了在1 400℃时,CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3四元渣系对高磷铁水脱磷行为的影响.结果表明:渣中Al2O3的质量分数在3％～6％之间时,随着A12O3含量的增加,渣系的熔化温度迅速降低,进一步增加渣中的A12O3含量,渣系的熔化温度逐渐增加;Al2O3对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3渣系的黏度影响不大;渣中Al2O3的质量分数在3％～6％之间变化时,渣系脱磷能力变化不是很大,脱磷率维持在91％左右,进一步增加渣系中A12O3的量,脱磷率逐渐下降;Al2O3对脱磷率产生影响可能是其改变了炉渣中液相所占比例,进而影响磷从铁水中向液相渣的传质过程.     

固相合成In2O3纳米晶及动力学的研究

以InCl3·4H2 O和NaOH为原料 ,利用固相反应合成前驱体 ,再经焙烧合成In2 O3纳米晶。用X射线衍射 (XRD)分析了不同焙烧温度对合成In2 O3晶粒尺寸的影响。研究结果表明 :按Scherrer公式估算合成In2 O3纳米晶的晶粒尺寸在 2 0～ 3 0nm ,焙烧温度越高 ,晶粒尺寸越大 ;根据前驱体不同升温速率下的差热 (DTA)曲线 ,用Kissinger和Ozawa法计算了合成In2 O3纳米晶的活化能分别为 167.0 3和 176.0 6kJ·mol- 1 ,差别不大 ;根据晶粒生长动力学理论计算In2 O3晶粒长大的活化能为 2 .82kJ·mol- 1 ,表明热处理过程In2 O3纳米晶粒的长大主要以界面扩散为主。