规模化猪场粪污处理技术研究进展

我国规模化猪场的兴起与粪污处理的相对滞后,使养殖业对环境的污染日益严重,畜牧场的污染问题已越来越受到人们的关注和重视.通过营养调控的方式可以提高动物对养分利用率,从而减少动物代谢废物的排泄量,但动物的粪污排泄量仍大大超出环境的承受能力,因此必须加强猪场废弃物和污水的综合治理.本文就国内外粪污处理技术和(粪)污水处理的工艺等方面研究近况作一综述.     

规模化猪场粪污处理技术

养猪业向集约化规模化发展,猪场的规模不断扩大,粪污排放过度集中,排泄量超出了环境承受能力,造成养猪业对环境的污染日益严重。本文综述了现代规模化猪场综合处理与利用技术,为规模化猪场粪污治理与循环再利用模式的建立提供参考。     

规模化猪场粪污处理与资源化利用

我国规模化猪场发展越来越快，猪场规模的不断扩大造成粪污排放的过度集中，其排泄量大大超出了环境的承受能力，因此无公害化粪污处理是实现我国畜牧业可持续发展的必要条件。本文就国内规模化猪场的粪污处理技术与资源化利用模式作简要概述。     

关于畜禽废物无害化处理的建议

我国规模化养殖场的兴起与粪污处理的相对滞后,使养殖业对环境的污染日益严重,畜牧场的污染问题已越来越受到人们的关注和重视。通过科学饲养管理可以减少粪污量和减轻畜粪对环境的污染,例如合成氨基酸Ⅰ酶制剂Ⅰ有机微量元素Ⅰ微生态制剂Ⅰ酸化剂以及除臭剂等添加剂的使用,饲料生产加工工艺的改进,阶段性的饲养技术等等可以提高动物对养分利用率从而减少动物代谢废物的排泄量,但动物的粪污排泄量仍大大超出环境的承受能力,但要从根本上解决粪污染问题,必须加强综合治理。     

浅析规模化猪场粪污清理方式与综合利用

在畜牧业快速发展的同时,也带来了日益突出的环境问题。近年来,畜禽粪污污染备受关注,妥善解决畜牧业粪污处理问题是保障畜牧业可持续发展的关键。本文重点介绍了猪场粪污处理方式和综合利用技术两个方面,希望对猪场或畜牧场粪污处理有所启发,对科学开展猪场生产和粪污处理有一定的参考价值。     

规模化猪场粪污资源化利用初探

<正>规模化猪场每天产生的粪污量大,不进行适当处理,容易对土壤和水源产生较大的污染。随着国家对环境污染治理力度的加大,规模猪场的粪污处理措施已经成为规模猪场生存和发展的瓶颈,如何解决猪场粪水对环境的污染是规模化养猪企业必须考虑和亟待解决的问题。规模化猪场必须根据自身的特点,选择合适的粪污处理方式(比如干清粪/液泡粪等)。     

规模化猪场粪污处理技术模式探析

随着规模化猪场的快速发展,猪场粪污排放导致的环境问题越来越严重,对规模化猪场粪污进行科学合理的处理已迫在眉睫。本文分析了猪场粪污处理的现状,探析了规模化猪场中固体粪污、污水和废气处理技术,希望对规模化猪场粪污处理模式的科学选择提供积极的借鉴意义。     

河北邯郸地区规模养殖场粪污处理的报告

本文根据我国畜禽养殖污染处理的目标和原则,针对猪场的粪污处理规范以及粪污处理设施的建设要求,结合河北省邯郸地区的养殖状况和生态情况,制定了该地区猪场粪污处理的模式和方法,并在环境污染防治方面取得了一定进展,现对邯郸地区猪场粪污处理工作进行了总结。     

猪场粪污处理及综合利用技术

近年来,随着规模化猪场的快速发展,猪场粪污对环境的污染日益严重。本文就猪场粪污的清除方法、粪污的危害、粪污的综合利用等作了详细介绍,以供参考。     

规模化猪场清粪技术现状与建议

随着我国养殖业的快速发展,其带来的环境污染问题越来越严重。全国畜禽粪污排放量已超40亿t,但综合处理率仅在60%左右,给环境造成了严重的负担,畜牧业已成为国内第三大污染行业。生猪产业是畜牧业的重要组成部分,其带来的环境问题不容小觑,生猪粪污处理问题已成为制约规模化猪场乃至畜牧业可持续健康发展的主要因素,所以解决猪场粪污污染问题刻不容缓。本文主要对比和分析了规模化猪场的清粪工艺,探索了粪污处理技术,并提出了合理化建议。     

美国猪场尸体处理方法分析与借鉴

动物尸体的合理处理有利于保护环境、控制疾病的传播、减少食品安全事件的发生以及促进畜牧业健康发展。美国小规模的养猪场对尸体主要采用场内处理，集团化的养猪企业和与其签约的合同猪场主要采用离场处理。论文通过对美国猪场尸体处理方法的介绍，并对其优缺点进行分析，以期为我国动物尸体尤其是猪尸体的处理提供参考。     

非洲猪瘟疫病防控工作中粪污资源化利用整县推进模式存在问题及防疫要点

非洲猪瘟作为最严重的猪疾病之一,自暴发以来给我国畜牧业带来沉重打击,养殖粪污是病毒传播的主要载体,因此防止非洲猪瘟传播就要对粪污处理各环节进严格把关。文章总结了粪污资源化利用整县推进模式环节容易出现的问题,提出了相应的防控措施,并为畜牧业健康发展提供参考。     

Risk characterisation and management of sewage sludge on agricultural land-implications for the environment and the food-chain

The disposal of sewage wastes may cause severe environmental problems as was graphically demonstrated with pollution on Sydney's ocean beaches in recent years. Sewage sludges contain valuable plant nutrients and organic matter which can improve the fertility and structure of the soil. However, human parasites, pathogenic micro-organisms and chemicals capable of causing soil contamination, phytotoxicity and residues in animal products may also be present. Although sewage sludge is frequently spread on agricultural land overseas, it is not common in Australia and most states do not have specific regulations to minimise risk and promote good practice. A sludge-to-land program began in the Sydney region in 1990. It follows guidelines written by NSW Agriculture to encourage beneficial agricultural use of sludge by adoption of environmentally sustainable practices. This article describes the major risks to the food-chain and the environment, which may be associated with applying sewage sludge to agricultural land. It summarises how the risks are managed, and where further research data are required.     

Large-scale management systems and parasite populations prevalence and resistance of parasitic agents in animal effluents and their potential hygienic hazard

Keeping large numbers of animals in large-scale, pseudo-industrial units poses similar problems to the overstocking of small farms within any one area, as far as the disposal of animal effluents is concerned. The prevalence of parasites in pigs, poultry and cattle on large-scale farms is listed, and examples of the resistance of their exogenic stages are given. The possibilities of transmission to individuals of the same species or to other species including man are evaluated. Guidelines for safe or restricted disposal of the effluents as fertilizers for different plant crops are given. On recycling effluents as animal food, no problems should arise from the parasitologist's point of view if poultry manure is fed to pigs or cattle or if swine or cattle effluents are fed to poultry. Other combinations are hazardous.     

Results of a survey of owners of miniature swine to characterize husbandry practices affecting risks of foreign animal disease

OBJECTIVE: To characterize husbandry practices that could affect the risks of foreign animal disease in miniature swine. DESIGN: Survey study. STUDY POPULATION: 106 owners of miniature swine. PROCEDURES: An online survey of owners of miniature swine was conducted to obtain information about miniature pig and owner demographics; pig husbandry; movements of pigs; and pig contacts with humans, other miniature swine, and livestock. RESULTS: 12 states, 106 premises, and 317 miniature swine were represented in the survey. More than a third (35%) of miniature swine owners also owned other livestock species. Regular contact with livestock species at other premises was reported by 13% of owners. More than a third of owners visited shows or fairs (39%) and club or association events (37%) where miniature swine were present. More than 40% of owners fed food waste to miniature swine. Approximately half (48%) of the veterinarians providing health care for miniature swine were in mixed-animal practice. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of this study indicated that miniature swine kept as pets can be exposed, directly and indirectly, to feed and other livestock, potentially introducing, establishing, or spreading a foreign animal disease such as foot-and-mouth disease. In addition, the veterinary services and carcass disposal methods used by miniature swine owners may reduce the likelihood of sick or dead pigs undergoing ante- or postmortem examination by a veterinarian.     

规模养猪场粪便和污水治理模式的调查与思考

随着畜牧业和畜禽规模化养殖迅速发展,粪便和污水对农村环境造成的影响越来越大,粪便资源化利用及污水的有效治理问题日益受到社会关注。畜禽养殖污水尤其以规模养猪场、养牛场治理难度较大,为摸清养猪场粪便利用、污水治理现状,探索可行的治理方式,笔者对辽宁省内一些规模养猪场进行了专题调研和分析,提出了一些治理和发展建议。     

猪场使用药物饲料添加剂对环境的影响

猪场调查、专家访谈和文献分析结果表明在大中型猪场生产过程中，存在金霉素、痢特灵等药物使用超量，不严格遵守停药期等问题；这些药物大部分随猪粪尿排泄到环境中，据估计，一个万头猪场每年向环境排泄兽药约300－500kg，这将对生态系统造成不利的影响。     

猪场使用药物饲料添加剂对环境的影响

猪场调查、专家访谈和文献分析结果表明在大中型猪场生产过程中，存在金霉素、痢特灵等药物使用超量，不严格遵守停药期等问题；这些药物大部分随猪粪尿排泄到环境中，据估计，一个万头猪场每年向环境排泄兽药约300～500kg，这将对生态系统造成不利的影响。     

我国养猪业的福利问题及对策

动物福利已越来越受到人类社会的关注。本文介绍了动物福利的概念,我国养猪业中动物福利存在的问题,提出了改善养猪业动物福利的有关措施。     

通过营养调控缓解畜禽生产对环境的污染

针对畜禽生产规模不断扩大和集约化程度不断提高，畜禽生产对环境的污染日益严重的实际情况，本文从（1）饲料原料的选择；（2）减少畜禽粪便中氮的排出量；（3）降低畜禽排泄物中磷的排出量；（4）减少重金属的污染；（5）利用饲料添加剂；（6）改进饲料加工工艺6个方面系统综述了通过营养调控缓解畜禽生产对环境污染的具体措施。