改进二进制和声搜索算法求解多维背包问题

和声搜索（HS）是一种已广泛应用于连续优化问题的元启发式方法。针对典型的组合优化问题——多维背包问题（MKP）,提出一种改进二进制和声搜索（IBHS）算法。算法通过伯努利随机过程生成二进制群体,在候选和声生成算子中,引入动态自适应参数,通过算法参数的自适应调整来协调算法的全局搜索和局部搜索,并提出一种新的更有效的衡量商品多维加权价值密度的方法用于二进制个体修正和优化;引入精英局部搜索机制进行协同寻优,提高IBHS的收敛速度。通过求解10组不同规模的典型多维背包算例和与贪心二进制狮群优化（GBLSO）算法、改进的差分演化（MBDE）算法以及二进制修正和声（BMHS）算法的对比分析,实验结果表明,所提算法在求解MKP时有具有良好的收敛效率、较高的寻优精度和很好的鲁棒性。     

求解大规模系统可靠性问题的修正和声搜索算法

针对大规模系统可靠性问题, 提出一种修正和声搜索(MHS) 算法. 该算法修改了和声搜索(HS) 算法的搜索机制, 以当前最优解为研究对象, 随机选取不同维数进行即兴创作, 并修正步长(BW) 的调整方式, 均衡算法的全局搜索和局部搜索. 对经典的大规模系统可靠性问题进行求解, 数值结果表明, 所提出算法优于其他文献中的6 种和声搜索算法. 与最近提出的求解此类问题的各种算法进行实验对比, 实验结果表明所提出算法在整体上具有良好的优化性能.

     

贪心二进制狮群优化算法求解多维背包问题

针对经典的多约束组合优化问题——多维背包问题(MKP),提出了一种贪心二进制狮群优化(GBLSO)算法。首先,采用二进制代码转换公式将狮群个体位置离散化,得到二进制的狮群算法;其次,引入反置移动算子对狮王位置进行更新,同时对母狮和幼狮位置重新定义;然后,充分利用贪心算法进行解的可行化处理,增强搜索能力并进一步提高收敛速度;最后,对10个MKP典型算例进行仿真实验,并把GBLSO算法与离散二进制粒子群(DPSO)算法和二进制蝙蝠算法(BBA)进行对比。实验结果表明,GBLSO算法是一种有效的求解MKP的新方法,在求解MKP时具有相对良好的收敛效率、较高的寻优精度和很好的鲁棒性。     

改进的差分演化算法求解多维背包问题

多维背包（MKP）是组合优化中一个典型的NP难问题,广泛应用于工程和管理中。提出了一种改进的二进制差分演化算法（Modified Binary Differential Evolution algorithm,MBDE）求解MKP问题,算法关键步骤可分为两部分：二进制群体生成;得到候选可行解。提出了一种有效的衡量商品价值密度的方法用于对二进制个体修正和优化;设计了反向测试搜索和精英局部搜索策略来提高算法探索和开发能力,从而进一步提高了MBDE的求解精度和收敛速度。为验证MBDE算法的有效性,进行了三组实验,并和近期提出的解决MKP问题的其他启发式算法进行了比较,实验结果显示,MBDE算法求解精度更高。从算法运行时间看,求解速度快,非常适合求解大规模的MKP问题。     

Improving a model for the dynamic modulus of asphalt using the modified harmony search algorithm

We report the improvement of a dynamic modulus model using a modified harmony search (MHS) algorithm to describe the resistance to rutting and fatigue cracking of asphalt concrete mixtures. The MHS algorithm was reformulated to improve the harmony search (HS) algorithm by introducing minimum and maximum bandwidths. Using the MHS algorithm, model parameters for lime-modified asphalt concrete mixtures were extracted and a good fit to the dynamic modulus data obtained from laboratory tests was achieved.     

和声搜索算法探索能力研究及其修正

和声搜索算法(harmony search,HS)的一大缺点是它容易陷入局部最优.针对此缺点,深入研究了近期文献中所提出的步长(bw)调整方法.首先具体分析了和声搜索算法即兴创作过程的探索能力,而后推导出在不对称区间下即兴创作过程的探索能力与各参数的关系,并进一步讨论了bw对探索能力和算法收敛的影响,证明了方差期望和均值期望所组成的迭代方程的迭代收敛充分性.基于这些分析和证明,提出一种修正和声搜索算法(modified harmony search,MHS),并分析了参数和声记忆库大小(harmony memory size,HMS)、基音调整概率(pitch adjusting rate,PAR)及和声记忆库的考虑概率(harmony memory considering rate,HMCR)对MHS优化性能的影响.数值仿真结果表明MHS算法优于HS及最新文献所报道的8种改进HS算法,具有良好的优化性能.     

基于模运算的新颖离散差分演化算法求解多背包问题

多背包问题（MKP）是一个求解难度极大的背包问题。为了基于差分演化（DE）求解MKP,首先建立了MKP的整数规划模型,在利用模运算构造简单且有效的新型传递函数基础上,提出了一个新颖离散差分演化算法MODDE;基于贪心策略提出了消除MKP不可行解的一个有效算法GROA,由此利用MODDE给出了求解MKP的一种新方法。最后,利用MODDE求解30个国际通用的MKP实例,通过与四个代表性演化算法的比较表明,MODDE不仅计算结果优,而且算法的稳定性强,是求解MKP的一个高效算法。     

一种求解多维背包问题的混合分布估计算法

针对多维背包问题（MKP）,提出一种基于分布估计算法的混合求解算法,该算法基于优势种群构建概率模型,并基于概率模型采样产生新个体;同时,提出一种基于MKP问题信息的修复机制,有效修复采样后种群中的不可行解．另外,设计了一种自适应的局部搜索操作,以增强算法的局部搜索能力,基于标准测试集的仿真结果和算法比较验证了所提出的混合算法的有效性和鲁棒性．     

An effective hybrid EDA-based algorithm for solving multidimensional knapsack problem

In this paper, an effective hybrid algorithm based on estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) is proposed to solve the multidimensional knapsack problem (MKP). With the framework of EDA, the probability model is built with the superior population and the new individuals are generated based on probability model. In addition, an updating mechanism of the probability model is proposed and a mechanism for initializing the probability model based on the specific knowledge of the MKP is also proposed to improve the convergence speed. Meanwhile, an adaptive local search is proposed to enhance the exploitation ability. Furthermore, the influences of parameters are investigated based on Taguchi method of design of experiment and the importance of repair operator is also studied via simulation testing and comparisons. Finally, numerical simulation is carried out based on the benchmark instances, and the comparisons with some existing algorithms demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

改进二进制布谷鸟搜索算法求解多维背包问题

针对多约束组合优化问题--多维背包问题(MKP),提出了一种改进二进制布谷鸟搜索(MBCS)算法.首先,采用经典的二进制代码变换公式构建了二进制布谷鸟搜索(BCS)算法.其次,引入病毒生物进化机制和病毒感染操作,一方面赋予布谷鸟鸟巢位置自变异机制增加种群多样性;一方面将布谷鸟鸟巢位置所组成的主群体的纵向全局搜索和病毒群体的横向局部搜索进行动态结合,进一步提高了算法的收敛速度,降低了陷入局部极值的概率.再次,针对MKP特点设计了不可行解的混合修复策略.最后将MBCS算法同量子遗传算法(QGA)、二进制粒子群优化(BPSO)算法、BCS算法就来源于ELIB数据库和OR_LIB数据库的15个算例进行了仿真对比.实验结果表明,所提算法计算误差均小于1%,标准差小于170,相比这3种算法具有相对更好的寻优精度和求解稳定性,是一种求解多维背包等NP难问题有效的算法.     

求解多维背包问题的蚁群-拉格朗日松弛混合优化算法

针对多维背包问题(MKP) NP-hard、约束强的特点, 提出一种高效的蚁群-拉格朗日松弛(LR) 混合优化算法. 该算法以蚁群优化(ACO) 为基本框架, 并基于LR 对偶信息定义了一种MKP效用指标. ACO使得整体算法具有全局搜索能力, 所设计的效用指标将MKP的优化目标与约束条件有机地融合在一起. 该指标一方面可以用来定 义MKP核问题, 降低问题规模; 另一方面, 可以用作ACO的启发因子, 引导算法在有希望的解区域中强化搜索. 在大量标准算例上的测试结果表明, 所提出算法的鲁棒性较好; 与其他已有算法相比, 在求解质量和求解效率方面均具有很强的竞争力.

     

VARIANCE-BASED HARMONY SEARCH ALGORITHM FOR UNIMODAL AND MULTIMODAL OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS WITH APPLICATION TO CLUSTERING

This article presents a novel variance-based harmony search algorithm (VHS) for solving optimization problems. VHS incorporates the concepts borrowed from the invasive weed optimization technique to improve the performance of the harmony search algorithm (HS). This eliminates the main problem of constant parameter setting in the algorithm proposed recently and named as explorative HS. It uses the variance of a current population as well as presents a solution vector to improvise the harmony memory. In addition, the dynamic pitch adjustment operator is used to avoid solution oscillation. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on 14 standard benchmark functions of various characteristics. The performance of the proposed algorithm is investigated and compared with classical HS, an improved version of HS, the global best HS, self-adaptive HS, explorative HS, and the recently proposed state-of-art gravitational search algorithm. Experimental results reveal that the proposed algorithm outperforms the above-mentioned approaches. The effects of scalability, noise, harmony memory size, and harmony memory consideration rate have also been investigated with the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm is then employed for a data clustering problem. Four real-life datasets selected from the UCI machine learning repository have been used. The results indicate that the VHS-based clustering outperforms the existing well-known clustering algorithms.     

自适应动态邻域布谷鸟混合算法求解TSP问题

针对离散布谷鸟算法求解旅行商问题时邻域搜索效率低和易陷入局部最优解等问题,提出了一种自适应动态邻域布谷鸟混合算法（Adaptive Dynamic Neighborhood Hybrid Cuckoo Search algorithm,ADNHCS）。为了提升邻域搜索效率,设计了一种圆限定突变的动态邻域结构来降低经典算法的随机性;此外,提出了可根据迭代过程进行自适应参数调整的策略,并结合禁忌搜索算法来提升全局寻优的能力。使用MATLAB和标准TSPLIB数据库中的若干经典算例对算法性能进行了实验仿真,结果表明与其他基于布谷鸟算法、经典和新型群智能优化算法相比,ADNHCS算法在全局寻优能力以及稳定性方面表现更优。     

Optimizing urban traffic light scheduling problem using harmony search with ensemble of local search

This study addresses urban traffic light scheduling problem (UTLSP). A centralized model is employed to describe the urban traffic light control problem in a scheduling framework. In the proposed model, the concepts of cycles, splits, and offsets are not adopted, making UTLSP fall in the class of model-based optimization problems, where each traffic light is assigned in a real-time manner by the network controller. The objective is to minimize the network-wise total delay time in a given finite horizon. A swarm intelligent algorithm, namely discrete harmony search (DHS), is proposed to solve the UTLSP. In the DHS, a novel new solution generation strategy is proposed to improve the algorithm’s performance. Three local search operators with different structures are proposed based on the feature of UTLSP to improve the performance of DHS in local space. An ensemble of local search methods is proposed to integrate different neighbourhood structures. Extensive computational experiments are carried out using the traffic data from partial traffic network in Singapore. The DHS algorithm with and without local search operators and ensemble is evaluated and tested. The comparisons and discussions verify the effectiveness of DHS algorithms with local search operators and ensemble for solving UTLSP.     

一种求解高维复杂优化问题的动态自适应和声搜索算法

为了更好地提高求解高维复杂优化问题的能力,提出一种动态自适应和声搜索(DSHS)算法。该算法采用正交试验来设计算法的初始化和声记忆库;利用多维动态自适应调整算子和单维和声微调算子相结合的策略进行和声创作;改进和声音调调解步长,从而增强算法的扰动能力,避免其陷入局部搜索。通过6个标准Benchmark函数测试表明,该算法在全局搜索能力、收敛速度和稳定性方面都有明显提高。     

改进麻雀搜索算法求解作业车间调度问题

针对最小化完工时间的作业车间调度问题(JSP),提出改进麻雀搜索算法(ISSA).首先设计有效的编码转换方式,形成JSP离散决策空间与麻雀搜索算法(SSA)连续搜索空间的对应关系.然后,针对SSA在求解后期易陷入局部最优,利用量子计算、正余弦搜索和警戒者数量递减策略对SSA进行改进,同时引入多邻域搜索和高斯扰动策略以弥补SSA在求解离散问题时深度发掘能力不足的弊端.最后,进行FT、LA系列10个测试问题、6种算法和2个应用实例的对比实验.结果表明,ISSA在求解JSP时,能获得更好的最小值、平均值和寻优成功率,验证了ISSA求解JSP的有效性.     

平面选址问题的引力搜索算法求解

为求解平面选址问题,给出了一种基于引力搜索算法的求解方法。算法利用万有引力定律进行全局搜索,采用一种邻域搜索方法进行局部搜索,实现算法全局优化和局部优化的平衡。通过大量实验和与现有求解方法的比较,结果验证了算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于免疫Memetic算法的网络组播路由优化

为了求得代价最小的网络组播路径,提出了一种基于免疫Memetic算法的优化求解方法。算法充分结合免疫全局搜索和局部搜索机制,设计了适合组播路由问题的各种免疫算子,加快了算法的收敛速度。实验结果表明,该算法在无需备选路径集的情况下,可以较快地找到最优路径,并且算法更加简单。     

A spy search mechanism for memetic algorithm in dynamic environments

Searching within the sample space for optimal solutions is an important part in solving optimization problems. The motivation of this work is that today’s problem environments have increasingly become dynamic with non-stationary optima and in order to improve optima search, memetic algorithm has become a preferred search method because it combines global and local search methods to obtain good solutions. The challenge is that existing search methods perform the search during the iterations without being guided by solid information about the nature of the search environment which affects the quality of a search outcome. In this paper, a spy search mechanism is proposed for memetic algorithm in dynamic environments. The method uses a spy individual to scope out the search environment and collect information for guiding the search. The method combines hyper-mutation, random immigrants, hill climbing local search, crowding and fitness, and steepest mutation with greedy crossover hill climbing to enhance the efficiency of the search. The proposed method is tested on dynamic problems and comparisons with other methods indicate a better performance by the proposed method.     

改进的多目标和声搜索算法

针对和声搜索算法不能很好求解多目标优化问题的缺陷,引入邻域搜索算子,对和声记忆库内搜索到的分量进行扰动,对和声记忆库外进行Pareto邻域搜索,实现群体间信息交换,提高算法的全局搜索能力。数值实验选取4个常用测试函数并与NSGA-II、SPEA2、MOPSO 3个多目标算法进行比较,测试结果验证了改进算法的有效性。