高锰TWIP钢拉伸时织构演变和孪生弱化织构的作用

研究室温下锰的质量分数分别为26%和30%的两种晶粒较粗大的TWIP钢拉断过程中织构的演变规律及孪生弱化〈111〉织构的作用。结果表明,TWIP钢拉伸时形成较强的〈111〉织构,也形成由〈111〉取向晶粒的不同孪晶产生的接近〈100〉的弱织构,从而孪生弱化了〈111〉拉伸织构。粗的奥氏体晶粒促进孪生,从而加速〈111〉织构的弱化。拉伸过程中〈111〉取向的晶粒有利于形变孪生,〈100〉取向的晶粒不利于孪生。锰含量较低的26Mn钢出现少量的形变诱发ε-M,由于ε-M主要从〈111〉取向的形变孪晶内形成,因此也出现择优取向,形成倾转的基面织构,弱化了〈111〉织构。     

23.8%Mn TRIP/TWIP钢的组织性能及强化机制

研究了锰含量（质量分数）为23.8%的低碳高锰钢的力学行为和组织演变,并对其强化机制进行了探讨.结果表明：23.8%Mn TRIP/TWIP钢的屈服强度约为300 MPa,抗拉强度可达610 MPa,断裂延伸率可达到63%.实验钢拉伸变形呈连续屈服,其应变硬化指数n值约为0.48.该钢在变形初期的强化机制以应变诱发孪生为主,变形后期出现应变诱发马氏体相变.位错与形变孪晶、马氏体之间的相互作用也对强度的增加做出贡献.     

热连轧GH4169合金组织结构与蠕变变形及断裂机制

为了研究直接时效对热连轧GH4169合金组织结构及蠕变行为的影响,通过对热连轧合金直接时效、蠕变性能测试和组织形貌观察,分析了热连轧直接时效合金的组织结构与蠕变变形及断裂机制.结果表明：经直接时效热连轧合金组织由细小晶粒构成,且具有明显的孪晶特征,细小γ″相在合金中弥散析出;在蠕变期间,合金的变形特征是形成三取向孪晶变形和位错在基体中发生单双取向滑移、起形变强化作用、使合金具有较高蠕变抗力和较长蠕变寿命的原因;随着蠕变的进行,位错逐渐在晶界处堆积并产生应力集中,促使裂纹在晶界处萌生;在蠕变后期,合金的蠕变断裂机制表现为裂纹沿晶界扩展并发生断裂.     

W18Cr4V高速钢激光相变强化组织及奥氏体晶粒度

研究了Ｗ１８Ｃｒ４Ｖ高速钢激光相变强化层的组织及奥氏体晶粒超细化的机理．强化层的组织由马氏体、残余奥氏体及未溶碳化物组成，其中片状马氏体量较多，板条马氏体量较少，其亚结构分别为孪晶和密度较高的位错．残余奥氏体量约为１０％～１５％，较常规热处理有明显减少，激光相变强化后晶粒度由原来的８级提高到１２级．     

Z3CN20-09M铸造奥氏体不锈钢的形变与断裂机制

为研究Z3CN20-09M铸造奥氏体钢的形变与断裂过程,利用微型拉伸夹具对铸造奥氏体不锈钢在金相显微镜和扫描电镜下进行了动态拉伸和微观形貌原位观察.试验结果表明,在拉伸形变初期奥氏体中先出现滑移线,滑移线与铁素体的分布形态平行或是近乎平行;随着载荷的增大,奥氏体变形加剧且铁素体中开始出现粗而间距大滑移线.在拉伸形变后期,裂纹首先在杂质和奥氏体与铁素体相界处萌生,并向铁素体相扩展.     

氮对新型无镍高氮奥氏体不锈钢塑性流变行为的影响

利用Ludw igson模型研究了两种氮含量不同的无镍奥氏体不锈钢18Cr-12Mn-0.55N（质量分数/%）和18Cr-18Mn-0.63N在室温快速拉伸时的塑性流变行为.结果表明,由于N含量的增大,实验钢18Cr-18Mn-0.63N的加工硬化能力明显强于实验钢18Cr-12Mn-0.55N.N促进CrMnN奥氏体不锈钢中的短程有序,使位错在更高的应变水平进行单系滑移和平面滑移,推迟位错的多系滑移和交滑移,因而提高CrMnN奥氏体不锈钢的加工硬化能力.     

W18Cr4V高速钢激光相变强化组织及奥氏体晶粒度

研究了Ｗ１８Ｃｒ４Ｖ高速钢激光相变强化层的组织及奥氏体晶粒超细化的机理。强化层的组织由马氏体、残余奥氏体及末溶碳化物组成，其中片状马氏体量较多，板条马氏体量较少，其亚结构分别为孪晶和密度较高的位错，残余奥氏体量约为１０％￣１５％，较常规热处理有明显减少，激光强化后晶粒度由原来的８级提高到１２级。     

7．9Mn－1．4Si－0．07C钢高强韧机理研究

通过热轧、温轧、奥氏体化、两相区退火处理得到7．9Mn－1．4Si－0．07C钢板,该材料的拉伸强度及塑性随奥氏体化温度不同而具有显著差异．奥氏体化温度降低,室温下奥氏体含量升高,综合力学性能提高．当奥氏体化温度由900℃降低为800℃时,所得到钢板的奥氏体体积分数由15％增加到28％,拉伸强度由1150MPa提高到1340MPa,塑性由21％提高至27％．实验钢优异的力学性能源于其中大量的超细铁素体及奥氏体,细晶强化使其具有超高强度,铁素体基体及变形过程中奥氏体向马氏体相变提供了良好的塑性．基体组织中的位错强化,形变诱导马氏体转变的TRIP效应等是增强该钢板加工硬化能力的主要因素．     

超级贝氏体组织中的应力诱发相变研究

为了研究钢中超级贝氏体产生应力诱发相变对其组织和力学性能的影响,将60Mn2SiCr钢经完全奥氏体化后,在250℃～270℃盐浴炉中等温处理获得超级贝氏体,并通过在疲劳试验机上施加不同的拉-拉交变载荷来探讨其对实验钢力学性能的影响。使用SEM、TEM和XRD对样品分别进行组织形貌观察和相组成的确定。显微组织中部分残余奥氏体发生应力诱发相变,转变为孪晶马氏体,致使钢的强塑积提高近32.4%。结果表明:超级贝氏体中的部分残余奥氏体能够通过产生应力诱发相变改善钢的强韧性。     

相变诱发塑性钢中奥氏体→贝氏体转变中的晶体取向关系

对相变诱发塑性钢（TRIP Steel）进行了热变形及热处理.通过在贝氏体转变区的等温停留,使部分奥氏体在随后的淬火中保留至室温.利用电子背散射衍射（EBSD）技术测量了残余奥氏体和贝氏体的晶粒取向,给出了组织中这两相的晶体取向图.以奥氏体晶粒的平均取向为参考系,将贝氏体的取向显示在极图中,并与常见的理论取向关系进行了比较.结果表明,奥氏体-贝氏体的取向关系在一定的误差范围内符合所有的经典取向关系.在变形奥氏体中观察到了晶粒尺度的变体选择.     

In-situ observation on the deformation behaviors of Fe-Mn-C TWIP steel

The microstructure and crack behaviour of twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steel during tensile deformation was investigated with in-situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that there are two modes of plastic deformation during tensile test in the Fe-Mn-C TWIP steel:dislocation gliding and deformation twins. During the process of tensile deformation, secondary deformed twins are found. Inclusions have played a role in the course of ductile fracture, and microcracks initiate from inclusions and twin-twin intersections.     

镍基单晶高温合金不同温度下的拉伸性能

为了研究一种镍基单晶高温合金从室温到1100℃范围的拉伸变形与断裂行为,利用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对拉伸断口及变形后位错组态进行观察和分析.结果表明：合金的屈服和抗拉强度均在约800℃时达到峰值,而塑性与强度的变化规律基本相反.室温和中温拉伸条件下,断口表现为解理断裂;而高温时则为微孔聚集型断裂.室温拉伸条件下,合金的主要变形方式为单根位错剪切γ′相;高温下为位错绕过γ′相;中温下则表现为由剪切到绕过的过渡.     

Ni_3Al单晶体和Ni_3Al-Mo复合材料的拉伸形变组织

拉伸形变过程中,Ni_3Al单晶体的滑移线呈直线,TEM组织显示大量的线型位错。Ni_3Al-Mo复合材料的形变组织显示曲折型滑移线和纤维多重断裂特征。低温形变的Ni_3Al基体和Mo纤维中都存在高密度位错;高温形变时,动态回复加快,位错密度降低。     

Grain-scale Stress and GND Density Distributions around Slip Traces and Phase Boundaries in a Titanium Alloy

For TA15 titanium alloy, slip is the dominant plastic deformation mechanism because of relatively high Al content. In order to reveal the grain-scale stress field and geometrically necessary dislocation(GND) density distribution around the slip traces and phase boundaries where the slip lines are blocked due to Burgers orientation relationship(OR) missing. We experimentally investigated tensile deformation on TA15 titanium alloy up to 2.0% strain at room temperature. The slip traces were observed and identified using high resolution scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) measurements. The grain-scale stress fields around the slip traces and phase boundaries were calculated by the cross-correlationbased method. Based on strain gradient theories, the density of GND was calculated and analyzed. The results indicate that the grain-scale stress is significantly concentrated at phase/grain boundaries and slip traces. Although there is an obvious GND accumulation in the vicinity of phase and subgrain boundaries, no GND density accumulation appears near the slip traces.     

Effects of annealing temperature on the microstructure and properties of the 25Mn-3Si-3Al TWIP steel

Microstructures and mechanical properties of the 25Mn twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steel at different annealing temperatures were investigated. The results indicated that when the annealing temperature was 1000°C,the 25Mn steel showed ex-cellent comprehensive mechanical properties,the tensile strength was about 640 MPa,the yield strength was higher than 255 MPa,and the elongation was above 82%. The microstructure was analyzed by optical microscopy (OM),X-ray diffraction (XRD),and transmission electron...     

挤压态MB15镁合金的显微组织与力学性能研究

针对MB15镁合金在挤压温度为648 K,应变速率0.001s-1,挤压比9∶1的条件下进行挤压变形研究,通过对其变形后的组织特征分析和拉伸性能测试,光学显微组织研究表明MB15镁合金在挤压过程中发生动态再结晶;透射电镜组织研究表明机械孪晶、位错滑移和动态再结晶是材料变形的典型特征;扫描电镜组织研究表明挤压后的材料塑性明显增强.挤压变形后的MB15镁合金沿挤压方向的抗拉强度提高39.5％,屈服强度提高89.4％,延伸率提高25％,弹性模量提高6.7％.     

C-Mn segregation and its effect on phase transformation and deformation in Fe-Mn-C alloys

C-Mn segregation and its effect on phase transformation and plastic deformation in Fe-Mn-C alloys were studied through the calculation of valence electron structure, the microregion composition detection and TEM in-situ dynamic tensile deformation test The experimental results show that in Fe-8Mn-1.2C alloyed austenite, nA of units with C Mn involved is 3 98 times that of units without C involved and 1.4 times that of units with C involved; aCD of units with C-Mn involved is 2 21 times that of units with C involved. In Fe-Mn-C alloyed austenites, there exists microsegrcgation of C-Mn, forming the randomly distributed Fe-Mn-C atomic cluster segregation zone linked with the -C-Mn-C-Mn- strong bond network, which will effectively slow down the motion of atoms and retard the initiation of the slip system and the movement of dislocation, and thus will severely influence the phase transformation and deformation of the alloy     

Superplastic deformation of commercial 00Cr22Ni5Mo3N0.17 duplex stainless steel

The superplastic behavior of a commercial duplex stainless steel has been studied by means of isothermal hot tensile testat temperatures of 850-1050℃ for the initial strain rates ranging from 3×l0-4 s-1 to 5X10-2 s-1. At 960℃, the best superplastic de-formation that caused the maximum elongation greater than 840% was obtained for an initial strain rate of 1.2×10-3 s-1. At 850℃, thebest elongation 500% was achieved for an initial strain rate of 2.5×10-3 s-1. During the deformation in higher temperature region,coarse γ grains formed during the prior treatments were broken into spherical particles, resulting in a homogeneous dispersion of γparticles within the δ-ferrite matrix. However, at lower temperatures between 800 and 950℃, the σ phase was formed through theeutectoid decomposition of δ→γ+σ, resulting finally in the stable equiaxed micro-duplex structures with δ/γ and γ/σ, respectively.The precipitation of the σ phase played an important role in improving the superplasticity at 850℃. The strain-rate sensitivity coeffi-cient, m-values, were also determined by the strain rate change tests. The microstructure studies show that the superplastic processoccurs mainly by the local work hardening and the subsequent dynamic recrystallization and a grain boundary sliding and grain switching mechanism.