Tb掺杂对CoNbZr纳米薄膜软磁性和微波磁性的影响

采用磁控溅射工艺制备CoNbZrTb纳米薄膜,研究了掺杂稀土元素Tb对薄膜软磁性能、微波磁导率及其频谱特性的影响.结果表明:少量Tb 掺杂(＜2%,摩尔分数)对该类薄膜的微结构和软磁性能影响较小,薄膜仍可保持非晶态结构和良好的软磁性能,但Tb掺杂可以显著增强薄膜磁谱的弛豫性,从而影响其微波磁导率和磁损耗;随Tb 掺杂量的增加,薄膜的磁各向异性场和共振频率得以有效提高;薄膜样品在2 GHz处复磁导率的虚部均大于200.掺杂少量Tb的CoNbZrTb非晶态纳米薄膜在109 Hz微波段具有较高磁损耗,有望在超薄层吸波材料中获得应用.     

纳米及薄膜材料

磁弹效应对测得铁磁薄膜磁导率的影响为了测定沉积在可挠性基底上薄膜的磁导率，最近开发出共轴技术，它的工作频带比传统微波带状线方法宽，精度也较高。俄罗斯理论和应用物理研究院IgorT．1akubov等人介绍了微波带状线法和共轴技术对Fe—N薄膜测定结果，发现磁弹效应对测得薄膜磁导率的作用很大。外加偏磁场下共轴法测得的磁弹效应，     

低稀土含量的纳米复相α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B淬态合金微结构与微波电磁特性研究

对低稀土含量的Nd6Fe91B3合金进行熔体快淬处理,制备了由a-Fe相和少量的Nd2Fe14B相组成的纳米复相材料,并对其进行球磨处理25 h.研究了快淬速度对淬态合金的相组成、微观结构、微波电磁性能的影响规律.研究结果表明,随着淬度的提高,淬态合金中高磁晶各向异性的Nd2Fe14B相逐渐减少,材料的自然共振频率向低频移动,但样品微波磁导率随淬速的提高而升高.淬速为40 m/s的样品微波磁导率虚部在4.17 GHz获得最大值μrmax=4.66,其实部在1.55 GHz获得最大值μmax =7.88.同时,低稀土含量的纳米复相α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B材料具有良好的微波电特性,其复介电常数在2 GHz附近出现共振.由于磁损耗和电损耗共同作用,有利于该材料在GHz频段电磁波吸收材料中的应用.     

低稀土含量的纳米复相α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B淬态合金微结构与微波电磁特性研究

对低稀土含量的Nd6Fe91B3合金进行熔体快淬处理,制备了由α-Fe相和少量的Nd2Fe14B相组成的纳米复相材料,并对其进行球磨处理25h。研究了快淬速度对淬态合金的相组成、微观结构、微波电磁性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,随着淬度的提高,淬态合金中高磁晶各向异性的Nd2Fe14B相逐渐减少,材料的自然共振频率向低频移动,但样品微波磁导率随淬速的提高而升高。淬速为40m/s的样品微波磁导率虚部在4.17GHz获得最大值μ"rmax=4.66,其实部在1.55GHz获得最大值μ’max=7.88。同时,低稀土含量的纳米复相α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B材料具有良好的微波电特性,其复介电常数在2GHz附近出现共振。由于磁损耗和电损耗共同作用,有利于该材料在GHz频段电磁波吸收材料中的应用。     

Nd2Fe14B／α-Fe复相材料微结构对微波复磁导率的影响

采用熔体快淬、晶化退火工艺及机械球磨方法制备了Nd2Fe14B／α-Fe纳米晶双相材料。研究了机械球磨工艺对材料的微结构、形貌和微波复磁导率的影响。结果表明：适当的机械球磨工艺可使材料粒度变细、变薄，晶粒细化，增强软、硬磁相晶粒间的交换耦合作用，提高其磁各向异性和饱和磁化强度，从而调节材料的共振吸收峰频率和微波复磁导率。球磨25h样品的复磁导率虚部μ’在3GHz达2．6，μ”在12GHz达1．2，μ”在30．5GHz达0．85，Nd2Fe14B／α-Fe纳米晶双相材料共振峰可控，不仅可应用于厘米波而且可应用于毫米波吸收材料的设计中。     

退火处理对温压Fe78Si9B13非晶软磁粉芯的影响

采用粉末冶金温压成形技术研制了Fe₇₈Si₉B₁₃非晶软磁粉芯,研究了退火处理对该种软磁粉芯的密度、磁导率、磁损耗、品质因数的作用。结果表明,当退火温度为450 ℃及以上时,磁粉芯已被晶化。在25~400 ℃范围内,有效磁导率随温度升高而迅速增大,400 ℃时达到最高值33.9（100 kHz）,随后急剧下降。随着退火的温度升高,磁粉芯的磁损耗逐渐减小,400 ℃退火时磁损耗达到最低值82.52 W/kg（100 kHz),然后会随退火温度升高迅速增大。磁损耗经退火后明显比未退火的小。品质因数随退火温度的变化趋势与磁损耗的刚好相反。磁场退火比未加磁场的退火更有利于提高磁粉芯的磁导率和降低磁损耗。     

FeCoBSiNb非晶环的制备和磁性能研究

本文采用铜模吸铸工艺制备了外径5 mm、内径3 mm的Fe36Co36B19.2Si4.8Nb4非晶合金磁环,并采用X射线衍射（XRD）、示差扫描量热仪（DSC）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）和软磁交流性能测量仪分析了该非晶合金环的结构、热稳定性和磁性能。结果表明：该非晶合金的玻璃转变温度和晶化温度分别为568.5℃和604.4℃,饱和磁化强度为99.7 emu/g;在磁感应强度不变时,频率升高,其相对磁导率降低,磁损耗增大;保持频率不变,磁感应强度增大时,其相对磁导率降低,磁损耗增大。     

W对Fe－Si－B非晶合金交流磁性的影响

研究了Ｗ对Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ非晶合金交流磁性的影响。讨论了磁导率随频率及磁感应强度的变化规律。分别在弱磁场及中、强磁场区域对３种合金Ｆｅ（８２．１）Ｓｉ（２．２）Ｂ（１５．７）（１＃）、Ｆｅ（７９．８）Ｓｉ（２．５）Ｂ（１７．７）（２＃）和Ｆｅ（７３．７）Ｗ（１．３）Ｓｉ（３．０）Ｂ（２２．０）（３＃）进行了磁损耗分离。结果表明，加入Ｗ，使磁谱曲线的下降幅度增加；磁导率随磁场变化的峰值增大，出现峰值的磁场稍移向高场区；在中、强磁场区域，磁损耗分离曲线为一折线，转折点对应的频率ｆ约为２０ｋＨｚ。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2涂层的绝缘性能及磁性能研究

利用连续涂覆机在FeCuNbSiB纳米晶合金带材表面通过溶胶-凝胶法工艺制备了SiO2绝缘涂层,同时对存在绝缘涂层的磁环磁性能进行了研究.研究表明,由LHH涂覆工艺制备的SiO2绝缘涂层均匀致密,涂层表面裂纹较少,在20 V/s的升压速率下涂层的耐压平均值约为54 V.同时,经纵磁退火后,具有绝缘涂层的磁环在直流磁滞回线中保持了大于95％的矩形比,并且交流状态下具有和无涂层磁环较为接近的损耗值Pcm.其中,在500 mT,20 kHz条件下,LHH绝缘涂层磁环的平均损耗值Pcm为38.1 W/Kg,其对应的无涂层磁环损耗值Pcm为37.4 W/Kg.除此之外,在10 kHz到100 MHz的频率范围内,相比无涂层磁环,绝缘涂层磁环的阻抗值Z明显升高,同时虚部磁导率μ'较为接近而实部磁导率μ'则显著降低.     

磁控双靶共溅射磁致伸缩TbFe薄膜的研究

采用直流磁控双靶共溅射方法,在玻璃基片上制备了非晶态的TbFe磁致伸缩薄膜,研究了溅射功率、工作气压等工艺参数对薄膜成分的影响.研究结果表明:当溅射功率从20W增加到100W时,TbFe薄膜中Tb含量从35.77at%增加到44.54at%;工作气压从0.2 Pa增加到1.0 Pa时,11)Fe薄膜中Tb含量从38.02at%增加到44.1at%.重点研究了真空退火处理对TbFe薄膜磁性及磁致伸缩性能的影响.结果表明,真空退火处理有利于提高平行于膜面的饱和磁化强度和磁导率;350℃真空退火60 min,在外加磁场为5 kOe条件下,TbFe薄膜的磁致伸缩系数可达到351x10-6.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.