A Comparison in Healing of Skull Defect Repaired with Four Different Kinds of Graft Materials in Rabbits

ＡＣＯＭＰＡＲＩＳＯＮＩＮＨＥＡＬＩＮＧＯＦＳＫＵＬＬＤＥＦＥＣＴＲＥＰＡＩＲＥＤＷＩＴＨＦＯＵＲＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＴＫＩＮＤＳＯＦＧＲＡＦＴＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＳＩＮＲＡＢ┐ＢＩＴＳＤＩＮＧＺｈｅｎ－ｑｉ（丁真奇）１，ＴＡＮＦｕ－ｓｈｅｎｇ（谭富生）２，...     

SUPEKFICIAL RADIA L BRANCH GRAFT WITH VASCULARIZED PEDICLE TO REPAIRLONGDEFECTOFTHERADIALNERVE：AREPORTOF8CASE

ＳＵＰＥＫＦＩＣＩＡＬＲＡＤＩＡＬＢＲＡＮＣＨＧＲＡＦＴＷＩＴＨＶＡＳＣＵＬＡＲＩＺＥＤＰＥＤＩＣＬＥＴＯＲＥＰＡＩＲＬＯＮＧＤＥＦＥＣＴＯＦＴＨＥＲＡＤＩＡＬＮＥＲＶＥ：ＡＲＥＰＯＲＴＯＦ８ＣＡＳＥＳＮｉＡｉ－ｍｉｎ倪爱民ＣｈｅｎＺｈｏｎｇ－ｗｅｉ...     

Effects of Level Changes of 5-HT and Dopamine in Cerebral Microvasculature on Occurrence of Secondary Damages in Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＬＥＶＥＬＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＯＦ５┐ＨＴＡＮＤＤＯＰＡＭＩＮＥＩＮＣＥＲＥ┐ＢＲＡＬＭＩＣＲＯＶＡＳＣＵＬＡＴＵＲＥＯＮＯＣＣＵＲＲＥＮＣＥＯＦＳＥＣＯＮＤＡＲＹＤＡＭＡＧＥＳＩＮＴＲＡＵＭＡＴＩＣＢＲＡＩＮＩＮＪＵＲＹＩＮＲＡＴＳＫＥ...     

GANGLIOSIDE GM_1 POTENTIATES NERVE GROWTH FACTOR EFFECTS ON REGENERATION OF CRUSHED SCIATIC NERVE IN RATS

ＧＡＮＧＬＩＯＳＩＤＥＧＭ１ＰＯＴＥＮＴＩＡＴＥＳＮＥＲＶＥＧＲＯＷＴＨＦＡＣＴＯＲＥＦ┐ＦＥＣＴＳＯＮＲＥＧＥＮＥＲＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＣＲＵＳＨＥＤＳＣＩＡＴＩＣＮＥＲＶＥＩＮＲＡＴＳＷＡＮＧＭｉｎ－ｓｈｅｎｇ（王民生），ＣＨＥＮＺｈｏｎｇ－ｗｅｉ（陈...     

OSTEOCLASTIC RESORPTION OF CANCELLOUS BONE TISSUES OF FEMORAL NECK IN HIP FRACTURE PATIENTS (A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY)

ＯＳＴＥＯＣＬＡＳＴＩＣＲＥＳＯＲＰＴＩＯＮＯＦＣＡＮＣＥＬＬＯＵＳＢＯＮＥＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＯＦＦＥＭＯＲＡＬＮＥＣＫＩＮＨＩＰＦＲＡＣＴＵＲＥＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳ（ＡＳＣＡＮＮＩＮＧＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮＭＩＣＲＯＳＣＯＰＩＣＳＴＵＤＹ）ＣＨＡＩＢｅｎ－ｆｕ（...     

基因重组干扰素γ对骨髓增生异常综合征

用基因重组干扰素（ＩＦＮ－γ）对４１例骨髓增生异常综合征（ＭＤＳ）病人造血祖细胞的作用进行了体外观察，结果：①ＩＦＮ－γ体外对非血液病对照组病人的红系祖细胞（ＣＦＵ－Ｅ）和粒系祖细胞（ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ）无明显促增殖作用，而对ＭＤＳ病人的ＣＦＵ－Ｅ和ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ有明显促增殖作用。其作用呈剂量依赖型，在ＩＵ／ｍｌ时作用最小，１００Ｕ／ｍｌ时作用最强；②ＩＦＮ－γ对ＭＤＳ原ＣＦＵＥ和ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ增殖正常组加入ＩＦＮ－γ后集落数增加最明显，而对增殖明显减低组集落数无明显增加；③ＩＦＮ－γ对ＭＤＳ不同亚型病人ＣＦＵＥ和ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ作用不同，其中对转化中原始细胞增多的难治性贫血（ＲＡＥＢ－Ｔ）型病人有效率较高。     

INTRADURAL HERNIATION OF LUMBAR INTERVERTEBRAL DISC：ARE－PORTOFSEVENCASESANDDISCUSSIONOFTHEPATHOLOGICALMEC

ＩＮＴＲＡＤＵＲＡＬＨＥＲＮＩＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＬＵＭＢＡＲＩＮＴＥＲＶＥＲＴＥＢＲＡＬＤＩＳＣ：ＡＲＥ－ＰＯＲＴＯＦＳＥＶＥＮＣＡＳＥＳＡＮＤＤＩＳＣＵＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＰＡＴＨＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＭＥＣＨ－ＡＮＩＳＭＬｉａｎＰｉｎｇ连平ＳｕｎＲｏｎｇ－...     

颅脑损伤后肌酸磷酸激酶活性和循环血内皮细胞变化

目的：寻找有利于颅脑外伤早期诊断的指标．方法：制作大鼠颅脑撞击损伤模型．伤后测定循环血内皮细胞（ＣＥＣ）数和ＢＢ型肌酸磷酸激酶（ＣＫ－ＢＢ）活性，２４小时活杀后测脑含水量．结果：伤后损伤组血浆ＣＫ总活性明显高于对照组，尤以伤后０．５、２、２４小时最为显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）．脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）中ＣＫ－ＢＢ活性于伤后０．５小时即有显著升高，但血浆ＣＫ－ＢＢ此时未见升高．伤后２小时无论ＣＳＦ和血浆ＣＫ－ＢＢ均达峰值，ＣＳＦ－ＣＫ－ＢＢ较血浆ＣＫ－ＢＢ升高更为明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）．伤后８小时和２４小时ＣＳＦ－ＣＫ－ＢＢ虽稍有回落，但仍高于正常值（Ｐ＜０．０１），而血浆ＣＫ－ＢＢ已回至正常水平．ＣＥＣ计数在伤后各时相点均显著高于正常（Ｐ＜０．０１）．脑水含量伤后显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）．结论：ＣＥＣ计数和Ｃ－ＢＢ活性测定在脑损伤早期诊断中具有重要的作用，其中ＣＳＦ－ＣＫ－ＢＢ活性变化敏感性更高．     

OSTEOGENIC POTENTIAL OF RABBIT DERMAL FIBROBLASTS CULTURED IN VITRO: A HISTOCHEMICAL AND RADIOAUTO-GRAPHICAL STUDY

ＯＳＴＥＯＧＥＮＩＣＰＯＴＥＮＴＩＡＬＯＦＲＡＢＢＩＴＤＥＲＭＡＬＦＩＢＲＯＢＬＡＳＴＳＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＤＩＮＶＩＴＲＯ：ＡＨＩＳＴＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＡＮＤＲＡＤＩＯＡＵＴＯ┐ＧＲＡＰＨＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＣＨＡＩＢｅｎ－ｆｕ（柴本甫），ＴＡＮＧＸｕｅ－...     

KINETICS OF PLASMA ENDOTOXIN,TNF AND IL-6 AND THEIR CORRELATION AFTER TRAUMATIC SHOCK IN RABBITS

ＫＩＮＥＴＩＣＳＯＦＰＬＡＳＭＡＥＮＤＯＴＯＸＩＮ，ＴＮＦＡＮＤＩＬ┐６ＡＮＤＴＨＥＩＲＣＯＲＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＡＦＴＥＲＴＲＡＵＭＡＴＩＣＳＨＯＣＫＩＮＲＡＢＢＩＴＳＪＩＡＮＧＪｉａｎ－ｘｉｎ（蒋建新），ＴＩＡＮＫｕｎ－ｌｕｎ（田昆仑），ＣＨＥＮＨｕ...     

胰高血糖素样肽-2对放射损伤小鼠小肠功能恢复的影响

放射性直肠炎是盆腔放射治疗的患者常见的并发症之一 ,为了减轻放射所致的肠损伤 ,提高病人的生活质量 ,笔者半随机分组观察了 79例患者用自制的中药灌肠剂“直肠炎一号”预防放射性直肠炎 ,现将其近期疗效报道如下。一、材料和方法1 一般资料 :2 0 0 0年 5月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月共收治可评价的接受盆腔放疗的患者 79例 ,半随机分为门诊对照组 42例 ,男 9例、女 33例 ,年龄 32～ 70岁 ,平均 5 1 5岁 ,和住院治疗组 37例 ,男 6例、女 31例 ,年龄 31～ 72岁 ,平均 5 3岁 ,其中门诊对照组中宫颈癌为 33例 ,其他为 9例 ,而住院治疗组中宫颈癌 30例…     

浓缩铀诱发人白血病细胞凋亡及相关基因调控研究

目的　研究浓缩铀诱发人白血病HL 6 0细胞凋亡的损伤特征及对凋亡相关基因bcl 2和bax的调控作用。方法　研究受浓缩铀内照射不同时间诱发HL 6 0细胞凋亡的DNA凝胶电泳。运用免疫组织化学技术探讨浓缩铀对HL 6 0细胞bcl 2 bax的蛋白表达 ,以及RNA分子杂交技术探讨浓缩铀对HL 6 0细胞bcl 2mRNA的转录水平表达。结果　在浓缩铀作用下 ,HL 6 0细胞的DNA呈现出在核小体间断裂的阶梯状条带形成的凋亡特征 ;并且观察到对照HL 6 0细胞中bcl 2蛋白呈高度表达 ,为 (88± 7) % ,而受浓缩铀辐照后 ,可下调至 (6 1± 5 ) %。bax在对照细胞中的表达很低 ,在浓缩铀作用下 ,未见明显改变。而且受浓缩铀辐照后 ,可使HL 6 0细胞中bcl 2mRNA表达呈明显下调。结论　浓缩铀可诱发HL 6 0细胞凋亡发生 ,其诱发凋亡的程度随浓缩铀作用时间的延长而增加。并且发现浓缩铀诱发人白血病HL 6 0细胞的凋亡作用 ,与其下调凋亡相关基因bcl 2的表达相关联。     

125I粒子植入组织间照射对大鼠背根神经节影响的组织形态学研究

目的 探讨125I粒子源照射对SD大鼠背根神经节组织形态学的影响.方法 把体重150～180g的12只成年雄性SD大鼠用随机表法等分成6组;在l～6组大鼠的第5腰背根神经节周围分别植入O(钛质空壳作为健康对照组)、14.8、18.5、22.2、25.9和29.6 MBq的125I粒子源,观察大鼠的行为改变,在植入后不同时期,将大鼠分批处死,用Olympus BX51生物光学显微镜观察植入不同活度粒子,照射不同时间后,神经节及周围肌肉组织的形态学改变,并估算背根神经节受到的剂量.结果 125I粒子源植入后,大鼠的运动功能没有受到影响,7d后体重自然增长.光学显微镜结果显示,钛质空壳植入后引起个别神经节细胞轻度水肿,但核仁清晰,细胞质正常.18.5 MBq的125I粒子源植入30 d后,与植入14 d相比,细胞肿胀更明显,还出现了脱水核固缩、核碎裂现象.29.6 MBq的粒子源植入60d后大量细胞核消失、细胞核溶解、细胞质失水皱缩.同时,活度越大,粒子植入时间越长,神经节周围的肌肉组织纤维化越显著.结论 受到125I粒子源的照射后,背根神经节及周围组织的损伤程度与照射强度存在剂量依赖关系.植入125I粒子源可能对各种难治性疼痛产生一定的镇痛作用.     

过钒酸钠对照射后NFS-60细胞G-CSF增殖反应性的影响

目的　为了解酪氨酸磷酸酶在造血细胞辐射损伤中的作用 ,深化对造血细胞辐射损伤分子机理的认识。方法　应用MTT法观察了酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制剂过钒酸钠对照射和未照射细胞增殖的影响。结果　过钒酸钠对细胞增殖的影响因培养基中G CSF浓度的不同而表现出相异的作用 :当G CSF浓度偏低时 ,一定浓度的过钒酸钠的加入可促进细胞增殖 ,而当G CSF浓度过高时 ,过钒酸钠的加入则抑制细胞生长 ;与未照射细胞相比 ,过钒酸钠对 3Gy照射细胞的促增殖作用明显加强 ,生长抑制作用相对减弱。结论　酪氨酸磷酸酶可能参与了细胞增殖的不同调控过程 ,而照射可能加强了细胞酪氨酸磷酸酶的增殖抑制作用。     

Hexokinase,Aldolase and ATP-creatine Transphosphorylase in X-irradiated Rats

Summary

Influence of 600 r total body X-irradiation on the hexokinase, aldolase, and ATP-creatine transphosphorylase activities and the levels of lactic acid in spleen, skeletal muscle, brain and liver of rats have been investigated. Hexokinase and aldolase were shown to be lowered following irradiation in all the tissues studied. Maximum changes were noticed in rats sacrificed 2 hours after irradiation. No noticeable changes were observed in the ATP-creatine transphosphorylase activity of irradiated rats. Evidence is presented to show that the lowering of the hexokinase and aldolase activities of irradiated animals is not due to release of any inhibitory substance in the body. The radiation-impaired hexokinase activity could not be regained by fortification of the incubation medium with ascorbic acid. The inhibitory effects on aldolase activity could be reversed, to some extent, by addition of ferrous iron to the incubation mixture. Levels of lactic acid decreased in different tissues of X-irradiated rats suggesting decreased glycolysis and/or elevated glyconeogenesis. Possible implications of the results are discussed.     

Scoring rings in the cell fusion-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC) assay for high dose radiation exposure estimation after gamma-ray exposure

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to construct a calibration curve for high-dose exposure using cell fusion-induced premature chromosome condensation (PCC). Some of the associated practicalities and methodological details were also investigated.

Materials and methods: Peripheral blood from two donors was used. PCC mediated by fusing mitotic CHO cells with interphase lymphocytes was carried out. Lymphocytes were irradiated with ⁶⁰Co (0–20?Gy) and held at 37?°C for 24?h post exposure.

Results: The protocol for PCC induction was effective at all doses and the number of rings increased with increasing dose. No significant difference was found between the donors (p?=?.896) and data were pooled. Ring aberration frequencies followed a Poisson distribution and the dose-response relationship favored a linear fitting: Y?=?0.0007(±0.0004)+0.0186(±0.001)×D. Blind tests showed that the estimated doses were all within the 95% confidence limits of the delivered doses. This study has shown that it is valid to score only 100?cells per sample in a triage mode for doses above 5?Gy and that it is valid to score only hollow rings to reduce the scoring time.

Conclusion: Scoring rings in cell fusion-induced PCC assay can be a feasible and fast approach for the analysis of high-dose exposures.     

Do dominant and non-dominant arms respond similarly to maximal eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors?

ObjectivesTwo common models to investigate the effect of interventions on muscle damage include using two groups in which one group receives an intervention while the other acts as control, and using contralateral limbs of one group. The latter model is based on the assumption that changes in markers of muscle damage are similar between limbs, but this has not been examined systematically.DesignThis study compared changes in muscle damage markers between dominant and non-dominant arms following maximal eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors.MethodsEighteen men performed 60 maximal eccentric elbow flexions of each arm separated by 4 weeks with the order of testing between arms randomised. Maximal voluntary isometric torque, range of motion, upper arm circumference, plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity and muscle soreness before and for 7 days following exercise were compared between arms using two-way repeated measures ANOVA.ResultsNo significant differences between arms were evident for any of the markers, but significant (P < 0.05) differences between first and second bouts were evident for changes in strength, circumference and CK with smaller changes following the second bout. A poor correlation was found for the magnitude of changes in the markers between dominant and non-dominant arms, suggesting that responses to eccentric exercise were not necessarily the same between arms.ConclusionsThese results show that the order affected the responses of dominant and non-dominant arms to the eccentric exercise; however, the contralateral limb design appears to be usable if bout order is counterbalanced and randomised among participants.     

In Vitro Studies of the Sensitivity of Canine Bone-marrow Erythroid Burst-forming Units (BFU-E) and Fibroblast Colony-forming Units (CFU-F) to X-irradiation

Summary

The radiosensitivity of the early erythroid progenitor cells (BFU-E) and the progenitor cells of the stroma (CFU-F) in canine bone marrow was studied under steady-state conditions by in vitro irradiation with 280 kV X-rays. The dose—effect relationship for colony formation was determined for BFU-E obtained from the iliac crest marrow, and for CFU-F in bone marrow collected from the iliac crest and the humerus of adult beagles. The BFU-E were adequately stimulated with serum from lethally irradiated dogs to obtain a source of BPA (burst-promoting activity). The BFU-E proved to be extremely radiosensitive, and the survival curve was exponential (D₀ = 15·3 ± 1·8 cGy). We showed that buffy-coat leukocytes separated from bone marrow leukocytes obtained by aspiration were an optimum source of CFU-F. A curve was fitted to the data obtained for CFU-F obtained from the iliac crest or the humerus, resulting in D₀ = 241 ± 38 cGy and an extrapolation number n = 1·38 ± 0·62 or D₀ = 261 ± 40 cGy and n = 1·04 ± 0·42, respectively. According to these findings, and other published data, we conclude that the canine bone marrow BFU-E are presently the most radiosensitive hemopoietic cells detected among all hemopoietic cells of different mammals.     

Ultraviolet B Irradiation of Human Leukaemia HL-60 Cells in Vitro Induces Apoptosis

Summary

UV radiation is known to be a potent agent for the induction of programmed cell death (apoptosis) in human skin. However, the mechanistic aspects of UV-induced apoptosis remain ill-defined. In this study the effects of varying periods of UV-irradiation on the human leukaemia HL-60 cell line and on five other human cell lines were investigated. HL-60 cells were found to rapidly undergo apoptosis en masse after short periods of UV-irradiation, whereas prolonged exposure of these cells to this form of radiation induced a more rapid form of cell death which was suggestive of necrosis, the pathological mode of cell death. Similar effects were observed on the U937 (myelomonocytic), Molt-4 (T-lymphoblastoid), and Molt-3 (T-lymphoblastoid) cell lines, whereas the K562 (pre-erythroid) and Daudi (B-lymphoblastoid) cell lines proved to be relatively resistant to the death-inducing properties of UV-irradiation by comparison. UV-induced apoptosis in cell lines was characterized by morphological changes as well as DNA fragmentation into unit multiples of ～200 bp, which was indicative of endogenous endonuclease activation. This DNA fragmentation pattern was not detected in cells immediately after UV-irradiation, and was therefore not the result of direct UV-induced DNA damage. UV-induced apoptosis of the HL-60 cell line was found to require extracellular calcium and to be inhibited in a dose-dependent way by zinc added to the culture medium.     

Inhibition of UVB-induced oxidative damage and apoptotic biochemical changes in human lymphocytes by 2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone (embelin)

Abstract

Purpose: The present study investigates the inhibition of Ultraviolet B (UVB, 290–320 nm) radiation-induced oxidative damage in peripheral blood human lymphocytes by embelin extracted from Embelia ribes.

Materials and methods: Embelin was extracted, purified and characterized. Prior to inhibitory assessment, a maximum concentration of embelin that was non-toxic was determined. Six experimental groups, including respective controls were made to assess the inhibitory effect of embelin for the selected concentrations of 10 and 20 μg/ml. For the experimental groups; lymphocytes (1 × 10⁶ cells) were pre-treated with the chosen concentration of embelin for a period of 60 min and then exposed to UVB for 30 min. UVB radiation inhibitory effect of embelin assessed by measuring antioxidant and lipid peroxidation levels, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) at scheduled time points after irradiation.

Results: Pre-treatment of lymphocytes with embelin prevents UVB-induced oxidative damage. An increase in antioxidant levels in irradiated cells in the presence of embelin and UV absorbance of embelin could be the reason for the decrease in lipid peroxidation level and prevention of DNA damage by UVB radiation.

Conclusion: Embelin prevents oxidative stress induced by UVB irradiation via its antioxidant property.