Facteurs de risque de perte osseuse chez les patients atteints de maladie de Crohn

Introduction

Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) are at greater risk of developing osteoporosis and osteopenia than healthy controls. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis in patients with CD.

Methods

Forty patients were consecutively included, 26 men and 14 women, with a mean age of 35.1 ± 11.2 years (15–60 years). Dual-energy X ray absorptiometry measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) were obtained at the femoral neck and at the lumbar spine.

Results

Osteoporosis was found in 32.5% and osteopenia in 47.5% of patients. Median body mass index (BMI) was lower in patients with osteoporosis than in those without osteoporosis (17.67 versus 21.8, P = 0.001). Neither disease duration nor steroid use were associated with bone loss.

Conclusion

Malnutrition seems to be a major risk factor of bone loss in patients with CD. It should be taken into consideration when planning treatment programs.