公路信号平面交叉口安全服务水平研究

为了客观评价公路平面交叉口的交通安全状况,提出了交叉口安全服务水平基本概念.分析了影响信号交叉口安全服务水平的因素,给出了信号交叉口安全服务水平评价方案.分别建立了基于机动车与机动车、机动车与非机动车、机动车与行人冲突点的安全服务水平主模型和基于交叉口几何特征、交通标志等次要影响因素修正模型,并由此得到信号交叉口安全服务水平总模型.根据多个信号交叉口的数据,把安全服务水平分为A～F等级,并验证了安全服务水平模型的合理性.应用安全服务水平模型评价实际交叉口的安全状况,得到交叉口危险度为11.7,安全服务水平为B级.评价结果表明该安全服务水平模型可以快速有效地评价信号交叉口的交通安全.     

行人服务水平评价的半定量方法

为了更加科学、合理地计算交叉口的行人服务水平,运用定性推理方法和基于类相关的连续属性离散化理论,探讨在具有高度混合和不确定性的交通环境下,建立行人服务水平评价指标计算的半定量模型、确定服务水平分级标准的方法;并以北京市城市道路平交信号交叉口为例,运用所提出的半定量方法,说明了建立混合交通环境下城市道路信号交叉口行人服务水平评价系统的过程,并得出了混合环境下交叉口行人服务水平评价指标计算的半定量模型以及分级标准.运用服务水平评价指标的半定量模型及其分级标准来评价指定交叉口的行人服务水平,具有计算过程简单、结果科学的特点.     

城市道路信控交叉口车辆延误分析与治理对策

文章以合肥市三孝口信控交叉口为例,分析了城市道路信控交叉口车辆的运行过程和确定延误方法,分别采用韦伯斯特模型法和点样本实测法对其进行延误计算和比较,结果表明两者接近。最后评估了三孝口信号交叉口的服务水平,并提出综合治理对策,为城市交通规划、交通管理和区域交通控制提供参考依据。     

信号交叉口公交优先控制策略探讨

公交优先策略是解决城市交通问题的良好策略,信号交叉口公共交通优先通行能够减少公交车在交叉口的延误,从而保证公交车的准时性,提高公交的服务水平,促进公共交通的发展,对缓解城市交通压力具有重大的意义。以智能交通的研究为背景探讨信号交叉口公交优先控制策略,提出信号交叉口多种公交优先的策略,如延长绿灯或缩短红灯等措施。在兼顾其他车辆运行情况的同时,给公交车优先通行的信号。     

水泥土搅拌桩在广肇高速软基处理中的应用

在进行信号控制道路交叉口设计时,人们往往忽略了右转交通流的影响.为了研究右转车流延误的影响,分析了信控交叉口右转车流运行特征.在此基础上,采用将绿灯信号时间和红灯信号时间的右转分别进行研究的思路,提出了计算信控交叉口右转车流延误的三种模型,为评价信控交叉口的服务水平奠定了一定的基础.     

信号控制交叉口服务水平的评价方法研究

在信号控制交叉口,为了充分发挥信号控制效果,提高路口安全性,必须对其服务水平进行合理的评价。影响服务水平的因素较为复杂,目前我国还没有统一的信号控制交叉口服务水平的评价标准。从便于实际应用,完善评价方法的角度出发,对评价指标进行了适当的选取,在此基础上提出对国内信号控制交叉口服务水平的评价方法,并应用实例对该评价方法的可行性进行了研究。     

基于速度连续性的平面交叉口服务水平评价

为评价城市平面交叉口的服务水平,掌握交叉口交通运行状态,选取饱和度、停车延误和速度连续性作为评价指标,采用灰色定权聚类法对太原市某一平面交叉口的服务水平进行分级评价。结果表明,基于速度连续性的平面交叉口服务水平评价方法可以在一定程度上减小特殊情况下的评价偏差,使结果与实际情况较为吻合,从而为改善交叉口服务质量提供一定的参考。     

基于元胞自动机仿真的可变车道控制技术

为了解决左转交通流波动较大引起的交通拥堵,并进一步提交叉口的通行能力,通过对此类交叉口交通特性、服务水平和其他交通特性进行分析,提出了一种基于一维元胞自动机模型的可变车道控制技术。依据交叉口条件确定可变车道参数,利用左转和直行的交通流量确定可变车道触发条件及相应的信号配时方案,并通过信号控制可变车道属性的变化,由Matlab建立交叉口可变车道模型。仿真结果表明:动态可变车道控制技术的使用可将左转方向最大排队长度降低37.5%,交叉口各方向总排队车辆数降低39.9%;进而减少因左转车流波动引起的交通延误,提高交叉口的通行能力。     

近距离交叉口信号配时协调控制方法研究

连续近距离信号灯控制交叉口采用协调控制,可以提高车辆运行速度,减小路段总延误。对北京市白云路莲花池东路至长安街段的四个近距离交叉口,运用交通调查数据,分析了目前信号配时方案及交通运行中存在的问题,按照交叉口信号配时协调控制设计的方法,确定了交叉口信号协调方案,并对配时方案的效果进行了分析评价,结论表明合理的信号协调控制可达到降低交叉口延误的目的。通过该实例研究获得了近距离灯控交叉口信号配时应注意的问题。     

绿波协调下公交车辆在交叉口的延误影响分析

道路交通绿波协调以及拥堵协调等控制策略提升了车流运行效率和通行能力,一定程度上缓解了路网交通压力,但面向绿波协调的交叉口信号控制尚未考虑对公交车辆运行的影响。现对绿波协调控制下交通流运行特性进行分析,利用交通流运动学理论确定公交车交叉口延误的影响变量,建立定量化模型进而得到交叉口公交车延误因子。选取示范路线青岛西海岸经济新区长江路干线交叉口,采用组合优化方法对延误因子模型进行验证,得出交叉口信号绿信比、公交运行速度对公交车延误的影响。结果表明,增加绿信比、适当提高公交车速可有效提升交叉口整体通行效率,减少公交车在交叉口的延误。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to