高技术产业技术创新、制度创新与产业高端化协同发展研究

为了探究高技术产业技术创新、制度创新与产业高端化的协同发展关系,在理论分析基础上构建了复合系统协同度模型,运用2000-2012年数据对我国高技术产业技术创新、制度创新与产业高端化各子系统有序度、子系统协同度和复合系统协同度进行了测量,并运用协整、格兰杰因果检验和脉冲响应模型进行了实证分析。研究显示：高技术产业技术创新、制度创新与产业高端化存在因果关系,各子系统有序度、子系统协同度对复合系统协同度会产生冲击效应,但由于制度创新尚未适应高技术产业发展要求,高技术产业复合系统协同度提升相对缓慢,需要从技术创新、制度创新协同的角度提出推动高技术产业高端化的政策措施。     

高技术产业技术创新、制度创新与产业高端化协同发展研究——基于复合系统协同度模型的实证分析

为了探究高技术产业技术创新、制度创新与产业高端化的协同发展关系,在理论分析基础上构建了复合系统协同度模型,运用2000-2012年数据对我国高技术产业技术创新、制度创新与产业高端化各子系统有序度、子系统协同度和复合系统协同度进行了测量,并运用协整、格兰杰因果检验和脉冲响应模型进行了实证分析。研究显示:高技术产业技术创新、制度创新与产业高端化存在因果关系,各子系统有序度、子系统协同度对复合系统协同度会产生冲击效应,但由于制度创新尚未适应高技术产业发展要求,高技术产业复合系统协同度提升相对缓慢,需要从技术创新、制度创新协同的角度提出推动高技术产业高端化的政策措施。     

异质性CRLMI市场导向型产业协同创新体系对比分析

基于市场导向型产业协同创新体系的理论基础,运用CRLMI模型重点分析了异质性产业属性的市场导向型产业创新体系演化趋势。重点分析了钢铁产业和高技术产业协同创新体系现状,运用复合系统协同创新模型,实证分析了CRLMI交互作用下2008-2012年高技术产业与钢铁产业协同创新体系协同度,进而对比分析了其产业协同创新体系的演化趋势。     

科技人才与科技创新协同度测度模型及应用

分析了科技人才与科技创新之间的相互作用,阐述了两者协同发展的机理。基于此,构建了科技人才子系统有序度模型、科技创新子系统有序度模型、复合系统协同度测度模型。对2006-2016年我国科技人才与科技创新复合系统相同基期和相邻基期协同度进行实证分析,结果表明,科技人才与科技创新复合系统相同基期协同度显著上升,科技人才与科技创新复合系统相邻基期协同度处于稳定的低度协同演变状态,科技人才子系统与科技创新子系统协同度增长幅度在协同作用中更加趋于一致,两个子系统趋于良好的互相促进过程中。最后,提出了促进该复合系统协同发展的对策建议。     

科技型人才聚集系统组织化与劣质化机理研究

复杂环境下,科技型人才聚集效应是组织创新实现的基本途径。以已有研究为基础,分别界定了科技型人才聚集系统及其组织化与劣质化概念,探讨了科技型人才聚集系统熵值变化的影响因素。借鉴管理熵、管理耗散结构理论,构建了开放条件下科技型人才聚集系统熵值模型与人才聚集效应模型。在此基础上,引入边际熵值与边际负熵概念,分析了科技型人才聚集系统组织化和劣质化实现的作用机理。     

高技术产业协同创新研究

协同创新是高技术产业创新模式未来的发展方向,也是促进产业发展的有效路径。在解析产业协同创新内涵及效用的基础上,分析了我国高技术产业协同创新理论体系的要素及结构,引入复合系统协同度模型,通过对2005-2010年相关数据的处理,分析我国高技术产业创新的协同度。结果证明,我国产业创新主体及外部创新环境各自的有序度虽然有一定增长,但是创新体系整体协调度较低,且伴有较大波动,创新主体正逐步成为整体创新体系演进的主要动力。最后,提出了高技术产业协同创新的政策建议。     

自主研发、技术改造与技术引进生态关系研究——以中国高技术产业为例

基于创新生态理论和Lotka-Volterra模型，构建高技术产业技术自主研发、技术改造与技术引进3种技术创新方式间的生态关系模型，以《中国高技术产业统计年鉴》中技术创新相关数据为样本进行实证研究，基于模型参数估计值，从自然增长率、规模限制性数、相互作用关系3个方面分析高技术产业技术创新生态关系。结果表明：高技术产业整体自主研发与技术改造的生态关系是偏利技术改造竞争，自主研发与技术引进的生态关系是协同共赢，技术改造与技术引进的生态关系是偏利技术改造竞争；不同高技术产业细分行业3种技术创新方式生态关系的差异性较大。     

创新网络中科技人才聚集效应的测度及产生机理

创新网络中科技人才聚集效应的测度及产生机理的研究,有助于科技人才聚集效应的发挥、创新网络的组建及创新能力的提升。在对创新网络中科技人才聚集效应内涵分析的基础上,对其测度进行了探讨,进而研究了其产生的机理。研究认为:创新网络中的知识存量与技能的净增量是科技人才聚集效应的具体体现,它受创新网络中的知识溢出效应、学习效应、激励效应、创新挤出效应、冲突等的影响;而创新网络资源的协同是资源整合的基础,知识创造是资源整合的效果。     

人才聚集与城市创新能力相关性研究——以山西省地级市为例

论述了科技型人才聚集效应和城市创新能力的概念、特征及二者的关系。在此基础上,以山西省11个地级市为样本,提出了一套较全面的人才聚集效应和创新型城市评价指标体系;具体运用了相关性分析方法对指标体系进行定量分析,进而得出人才聚集效应对城市创新能力存在显著性影响;为提升山西省的科技人才聚集效应,提高城市创新能力提供理论借鉴。     

产业技术创新能力测度和评价研究——以广东省高技术产业为例

对产业技术创新能力的测度和评价是人们认识和把握产业创造性活动本质与规律的主要手段。文章从产业视角引进了产业横向维度指标和产业纵向维度指标对产业技术创新能力进行测度和评价,建立了产业技术创新能力评价指标体系,采用熵值法对广东省2004年～2006年5个高技术产业进行了实证研究,在综合评价的基础上给出了提升高技术产业技术创新能力的对策建议。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.