冲压件成形计算机模拟工艺参数优化方法研究

分析了常规有限元金属板料成形模拟的不足，提出了参数化有限元分析的概念，在对人工神经网络、遗传算法进行深入分析研究的基础上，采用参数化有限元分析方法进行分析，得到了训练样本。提出了采用人工神经网络技术建立冲压件成形多参数映射关系模型，采用遗传算法进行多参数组合优化，实现冲压件成形计算机模拟工艺参数优化的方法。实际应用结果表明，优化结果与试验结果基本吻合，该优化方案实用可行。     

液-固挤压Al2O3sf /LY12复合材料管材成形过程的数值模拟

针对液-固挤压复合材料管材的成形过程,采用热刚塑性准耦合有限元法进行了数值模拟,以揭示其塑性变形行为.通过自行开发的有限元模拟系统软件,利用网格重新划分技术,得到了复合材料液-固挤压变形过程中的应力场、应变场及变形力,并对有关问题进行了分析.与试验结果相比较,验证了该系统的可靠性,为保证制件成形质量和合理选择工艺参数提供了理论依据.     

液态挤压非稳态温度场的有限元模拟

以Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ法建立了非稳定导热问题的有限元方程，确立了液态挤压成形过程的非稳态温度场的有限元模型，开发了相应的模拟软件，给出了稳定成形时的液态挤压温度场及工艺参数选取不恰当时的温度场分布，采用有限元模拟与试验相结合的方法分析了管材成形过程中发生断裂的内在原因，指出变形速度与凝固速度的协调是保证成形质量的关键因素。模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

基于ANSYS LS-DYNA的连续正反拉深成形有限元模拟研究

针对采用有限元模拟方法对连续拉深成形模拟过程中,"后续模拟过程不能继承上一步模拟结果,每次模拟均为独立流程,与连续拉深成形实际过程不符"的问题,对有限元连续拉深模拟过程、参数设置、前后处理等方面进行了研究,提出了基于ANSYS LS_DYNA的连续正反拉深的成形模拟方法和分析流程,通过采用APDL语句控制分析过程及相关参数设置,做到了参数化和通用化。提出并总结了模拟连续成形的技术关键点(该方法可应用于连续冲压成形有限元数值模拟,使连续成形可继承前步模拟结果),并在此基础上进行了后续的反拉深成形有限元模拟分析,做到了分析模拟的连续性。基于这种方法对典型正反拉深筒形制件进行了成形模拟。研究结果表明,该数值分析思路和方法可以实现多次连续冲压成形分析模拟,结果与实际情况较为符合。     

单榫头叶片叶身精锻成形规律

利用自行开发的叶片锻造过程三维刚粘塑性有限元模拟系统对单榫头叶片精锻过程进行了模拟分析,揭示了其叶身精锻成形规律,并以塑泥为模拟材料,采用物理模拟的方法对其进行了试验验证。三维有限元数值模拟结果与物理模拟结果的良好吻合表明了单榫头叶片精锻过程三维数值模拟结果的可靠性。该研究对叶片精锻过程的预成形毛坯的优化设计具有重要的指导意义。     

块体材料冷滚打成形变形力研究

简述了块体材料冷滚打成形的基本原理,应用ABAQUS建立了块体材料冷滚打成形的有限元模型并进行了模拟仿真,根据模拟结果,分析了块体材料冷滚打成形过程中变形力的变化情况及各工艺参数对变形力的影响规律。进行了初步的冷滚打成形试验,将仿真结果与试验结果进行对比分析,验证了有限元仿真的正确性。     

Al2O3sf/LY12棒材半固态挤压工艺温度场的有限元模拟与分析

基于瞬态热传导问题有限元法的基本原理，建立了半固态挤压成形过程中瞬态轴对称温度场的有限元模型。结合工艺试验采用的数据，利用有限元软件ANSYS对挤压成形复合材料棒材连续过程的温度场进行了数值模拟，得出了反映该过程温度场分布和变化情况的云图。结合试验研究和模拟结果对其工艺规律进行了深入分析，为进一步设计优化工艺参数提供了理论依据。     

基于FEM的车桥本体内高压成形工艺研究

对汽车桥壳本体内高压成形工艺进行有限元模拟研究，基于弹塑性有限元法建立了数学模型并进行了动力显式有限元分析求解，对成形工艺进行分析，研究了内压和轴向进给等主要工艺参数对形成量的影响。     

汽车发电机磁极精锻成形三维有限元模拟和工艺优化

简述了汽车发电机磁极几种典型成形工艺。基于Abaqus通用有限元软件,应用三维刚粘塑性有限元显式算法对磁极精锻成形过程进行了模拟分析,得出了变形中材料的流动状态和等效塑性应变分布规律。根据有限元模拟分析结果对磁极精锻成形工艺参数、模具结构进行了优化设计,并进行了磁极精锻成形工艺试验。试验验证了有限元模拟分析结果,并精锻成形出合格的汽车发电机磁极产品。     

共注成形充模流动的理论模型和模拟

在共注成形多相分层流动充模成形的机理研究基础上,通过采用通用的Hele-Shaw模型和流体体积技术,推导出用于描述共注成形多相分层流动充模过程的理论模型,并提出了一种稳定有效的求解理论模型的数值方法,还模拟了材料流变性能参数和过程参数对共注成形的影响,建立了这些参数与层间界面和前沿移动界面形貌的关系。模拟研究结果与一些文献的试验结果有较好的吻合。     

On the prediction of side-wall wrinkling in sheet metal forming processes

Prediction and prevention of side-wall wrinkling are extremely important in the design of tooling and process parameters in sheet metal forming processes. The prediction methods can be broadly divided into two categories: an analytical approach and a numerical simulation using finite element method (FEM). In this paper, a modified energy approach utilizing energy equality and the effective dimensions of the region undergoing circumferential compression is proposed based on simplified flat or curved sheet models with approximate boundary conditions. The analytical model calculates the critical buckling stress as a function of material properties, geometry parameters and current in-plane stress ratio. Meanwhile, the sensitivities of various input parameters and integration methods of FEM models on the prediction of wrinkling phenomena are investigated. To validate our proposed method and to illustrate the sensitivity issue in the FEM simulation, comparisons with experimental results of the Yoshida buckling test, aluminum square cup forming and aluminum conical cup forming are presented. The results demonstrate excellent agreements between the proposed method and experiments. Our model provides a reliable and effective predictor for the onset of side-wall wrinkling in sheet metal forming processes.     

盒形件固体颗粒介质板材成形工艺研究

固体颗粒介质板材成形工艺是采用固体颗粒微珠代替刚性凸(凹)模(或弹性体、液体)的作用对板材拉深成形的新工艺。选用非金属固体颗粒介质——GM颗粒作为研究对象,以固体颗粒介质在高应力水平下的体积压缩试验和摩擦强度试验为基础,应用散体力学理论中扩展的Drucker-Prager线性模型构建固体颗粒介质有限元材料模型。以具有非轴对称性的方盒形件为代表,进行固体颗粒介质成形工艺的有限元模拟,研究成形过程中板材的流动特征和壁厚分布规律。工艺试验成功得到方盒形零件,将加载曲线、成形过程变形特征和壁厚分布曲线与数值模拟结果比对较为吻合。分析表明,采用以散体力学为基础建立的固体颗粒介质材料模型进行工艺模拟,能够得到与试验较为接近的变形特征和力能参数,可以应用于制定工艺方案的依据,为该技术在板材成形中的应用起到指导和借鉴作用。     

A comprehensive blank development method for forming sheet metal parts

For some shortcomings in the use of standard radial length development in the blank development for forming sheet metal parts, an improved radial length normal spreading approach considering outside normal direction is developed to resolve blank development in sheet metal forming. Moreover, a comprehensive spreading method, which combines radial length normal spreading and orthogonal length development method, is presented in this paper to avoid the overlapping problem which happens sometime in the spreading process related to severely curved sheet parts. To deal with holes and gaps which exist in some sheet metal parts, dummy elements are used to calculate the intercepting line’s length precisely. Finally, a multistep spreading and merging strategy is adopted to handle some special sheet metal parts with vertical free edges that should be jointed or not. Through practical applications, the effectiveness and the usefulness of this approach are evaluated, and the unfolded result is more reasonable; meanwhile, the obtained blank shape should be a better initial guess in the application of the so-called one-step quick analysis for sheet metal forming simulation.     

Finite element simulation of plate or sheet metal forming processes using tetrahedral MINI-elements

In this paper, finite element prediction of sheet metal forming process is investigated using solid elements. A three-dimensional rigidviscoplastic finite element method with linear tetrahedral MINI-elements is employed. This technique has traditionally been used for bulk metal forming simulations. The solid element approach with remeshing capability is applied to simulating a plate metal forming process to reveal its possible problems. The similar approach is also applied to a typical sheet forming process. Both single- and double-layer finite element mesh systems are studied, with particular attention to their effect on the deformed shape of the workpiece and thickness variation of a cold sheet forming process. The procedure is applied to the well-known problem of the NUMISHEET93 international benchmark. The resulting predictions are compared with experimental observations found in the literature, and good agreement is noted.     

Study on multiple-step incremental air-bending forming of sheet metal with springback model and FEM simulation

A mathematical model of springback radius was developed with dimensional analysis and orthogonal test. With this model, the punch radius could be solved for forming high-precision semiellipse-shaped workpieces. With the punch radius and other geometrical parameters of a tool, a 2D ABAQUS finite-element model (FEM) was established. Then, the forming process of sheet metal multiple-step incremental air bending was simulated with the FEM. The result showed that average errors of the simulated workpiece were +0.68/?0.65 mm, and provided the process data consisting of sheet feed rate, punch displacement and springback angle in each step. A semiellipse-shaped workpiece, whose average errors are +0.68/?0.69 mm, was made with the simulation data. These results indicate that the punch design method is feasible with the mathematical model, and the means of FEM simulation is effective. It can be taken as a new approach for sheet metal multiple-step incremental air-bending forming and tool design.     

基于有限元逆算法的拉深筋工艺设计和优化

汽车覆盖件拉深成形中，一般通过设置适当的拉深筋控制成形过程中的板料塑性流动规律来提高覆盖件成形质量。针对覆盖件工艺设计需求，提出一种基于有限元逆算法的拉深筋工艺优化算法。该算法以灵敏度优化方法为基础，考虑了板料的成形度、破裂和起皱等成形缺陷。在板料成形模拟FASTAMP系统中，开发了拉深筋优化模块，并以实际覆盖件为例，验证了该算法能快速准确地模拟等效拉深筋力的布置情况以及优化板料的成形性。     

大型板材离散多点成形工艺及装备研究

针对大型板材的冲压成形问题,提出了一种离散多点成形工艺。介绍了此工艺中模具及柔性杆的结构。与已有的多点成形工艺——杆系柔性成形和活络方形压头非对压技术相比,离散多点成形工艺在大型板材成形过程中有其自身的优势。     

基于有限元逆算法的板料成形模拟拉深筋的灵敏度优化

基于有限元逆算法和灵敏度优化的BFGS （Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno）算法，提出一种以成形极限曲线和起皱极限曲线作为目标函数，优化拉深成形中的拉深筋位置和大小的拉深筋灵敏度优化算法。优化算法综合考虑冲压件成形过程中起皱和破裂对成形性的影响因素，比只考虑板厚变化更能准确地反映板料的成形性，而且基于逆算法的灵敏度优化算法计算速度很快，可以应用于大型复杂冲压件的工艺参数优化过程模拟。通过两个典型的零件验证了该算法的优化结果符合实际工艺。     

有限元逆算法与板料成形工艺的评价

依据理想形变理论，研究开发了冲压成形过程模拟的有限元逆算法，根据变形体的整体塑性功取相对极值的条件，导出了塑算法有限元方程。提出了求逆算法初始解以及求解与给定形状的毛坯相对应的冲压件形状的迭代计算方法。采用有限元塑算法预测了与冲压件形状相对应的冲压件毛坯的展开形状，根据给定的板坯形状计算了冲压件最终构形及应变分布。分析计算实例表明，逆算法可用于对板料成形工艺方案进行快速评价，对冲压工艺参数进行优化。