共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
涡街流量计可用于部分混相流的测量,但迄今为止有关混相流对涡街流量计测量特性的影响还缺少理论研究和实践经验.在体积含气率为2.0%~15.0%的范围内,评定了用涡街流量计测量气液混相流的不确定度,提出涡街流量计测量气液混相流的不确定度计算式.实验以空气和水为介质产生气液混相流,涡街信号通过管壁差压法采集,涡街频率通过功率谱分析获得.结果表明在保持涡街流量计一定测量准确度的前提下,涡街流量计相对扩展不确定度随气液混相流流量及其体积含气率的分布比较均匀;在涡街频率测量的不确定度分量中,由重复性和复现性引起的相对标准不确定度随流量的变化呈现出较强的随机性,而由频率分辨率引起的相对标准不确定度则随着流量的增加而减小.在本研究的流量与体积含气率范围内,由气液混相流引起的涡街流量计附加相对不确定度小于2.0%.这一研究为分析气液混相流对涡街流量计测量特性的影响提供了有益的借鉴. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
对纵肋管束换热器的传热、阻力特性进行了试验研究,得出其实验关系式.以此分析管束节距的影响,指出横向节距是决定纵肋管束流阻的首要因素,增加横向节距将大幅度减小流胆;而横向节距和纵向节距对换热的影响程度基本相同.对于1组节距为S_t/D=3.29、S_l/D=1.6的纵肋管束,其实际换热系数可增加9%~12.5%,流阻系数可降低15%~65%.结果表明,纵助管束具有低流阻特性和较强的传热强化作用. 相似文献
9.
对气液两相向上横掠节距比为1.3的顺列与错列两种排列方式管束进行流型图像与压差数据采集,基于气相与液相折算速度绘制流型图.分析了管束排列方式对流型的影响,用非线性递归分析方法分别绘制了两种排列方式管束不同流型的递归纹理图,并结合递归特征量对比分析了两种排列方式管束气液两相流的流动特性.研究结果表明:在实验范围内,两种排列方式管束中均出现泡状流、间歇流和雾状流3种流型.错列管束较顺列管束中间歇流流型范围小,泡状流与雾状流流型范围大;错列管束中从泡状流起各流型就具备周期性特点,而顺列管束中间歇流流型才出现周期性,泡状流时流型呈明显的随机特征. 相似文献
10.
在立式蒸汽发生器垂直管束间的气液两相流中,截面含气率是其中一个重要参数。使用γ射线法对高温高压下垂直管束间气液两相流截面含气率的分布规律进行了实验研究。实验压力分别为5、7、9 MPa,质量流速为300 kg/(m~2·s),热力学干度的范围为0.003~0.4。实验得到了垂直管束间截面含气率随热力学干度、体积含气率和压力的变化关系;并与经典公式的计算结果对比发现,在低干度区域,实验结果与Miropolskii模型、Smith模型和Armand模型偏差较大,均大于30%,在高干度区域偏差较小;基于Armand理论,通过多元线性回归法拟合出本文工况下平均截面含气率的计算关联式,与日本核动力工程公司(NUPEC)的实验数据偏差小于15%。本研究对蒸汽发生器的结构设计和流动特性研究具有重要意义。 相似文献
11.
聚烯烃润滑油是重要的合成润滑油之一。采用AlCl3作催化剂对环己烯与1-十二烯烃的共聚反应进行了研究。考察了催化剂AlCl3的用量、n(异丙醇)∶n(AlCl3)、反应温度和反应时间对产品收率的影响。确定了最佳工艺条件,即x(AlCl3)=4%,n(异丙醇)∶n(AlCl3)=0.5,反应温度50~60℃,反应时间6h。在最佳工艺条件下,调节环己烯与1-十二碳烯的混合比例进行了实验,研究了产品的物化性能。实验结果表明:采用n(1-十二烯烃)∶n(环已烯)=2∶1时,可以合成100℃粘度为6.10mm2/s,粘度指数为157,凝点为-35℃的聚烯烃合成油,收率为86%。具有粘度低、凝点低、粘度指数高的显著特点,是高质量的聚烯烃合成油。 相似文献
12.
13.
应用数值模拟方法分析了以周期性方式布置不同节距比(PR=L/H)、倾角为45°挡板槽道的流动特性与传热特性。挡板在槽道上下壁面对齐布置高度比(BR=b/H)为0.2,以便在槽道内部形成一对沿流向的反向旋涡。数值模拟计算Reynolds数范围为100~1000,流体介质为空气。计算结果表明:布置斜置挡板后,在槽道内诱导产生了沿流向的旋涡流,且在测试段中旋涡流冲击槽道上下壁面和槽道一侧壁面,结果使得传热效率提高;分析了范围内平均Nusselt数比Nu/Nu0、摩擦系数比f/f0及传热增强系数η随节距比PR和Reynolds数的变化关系,并建立了相应的准则关系式;当挡板间节距比为0.5时,传热增强系数可达最大值3.0。 相似文献
14.
旋转扭带是在固定式扭带基础上发展而来的, 因其特殊结构所以能在管内流体作用下产生自旋效果。本文对自旋式扭带旋转特性及强化传热特性进行研究。通过理论及实验研究管内自旋扭带旋转特性后得出:扭率越小, 扭带克服阻力起始旋转需要的流体速度越小;扭带转速与管内流体流速呈一次线性关系, 且扭带节距不变时线性比例基本保持不变。通过实验研究后得出:自旋扭带能达到很好的强化传热性能, 扭率越小其强化传热性能越明显, 同时阻力特性也越明显, 在雷诺数为4×103~4×104、扭率为3~8时, 换热管内摩擦因子增至1.7~3.5倍, 努赛尔数增幅为10%~37%。本文使用评估指标η对扭带进行综合评价, 得出扭率为7的自旋扭带具有最佳的综合性能。并分别拟合出摩擦因子及努赛尔数与雷诺数、扭率之间的关联式, 提出一种工程上自旋扭带选型方法。 相似文献
15.
In this work, the annular (tangential) flow of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian fluids in tube bundles has been studied experimentally. Extensive pressure drop data has been obtained embracing wide ranges of the Reynolds number (13–6600) and for two test modules of different geometrical arrangements, but of similar overall void fraction. Preliminary experiments suggest that the pressure drop is mainly determined by the overall void fraction of the bundle and is relatively insensitive to the detailed geometrical configuration of the bundle. A simple predictive correlation has been developed which reconciles the present results for Newtonian and power law fluids with acceptable levels of reliability. 相似文献
16.
利用粒子成像测速(PIV)技术对圆管内置梯形翼片后方流场进行了测量,分析了翼片迎流(UFW)和顺流(DFW)两种放置方式对流场的扰动特性。结果表明,迎流翼片形成的涡沿周向延展范围较大,持续性好,涡偶内侧为向壁流;顺流翼片形成的涡沿径向延展范围较大,在较短距离内扰动较为明显,涡偶内侧为背壁流。两种流动结构都能有效提高壁面附近的速度分量,促进主流和壁面附近流体的质量交换。随着Reynolds数增大,纵向涡的稳定性减弱,在Re=3000时,翼片的扰流效果均较好。 相似文献
17.
A 3D numerical investigation has been carried out to examine periodic laminar flow and heat transfer character-istics in a circular tube with 45° V-baffles with isothermal wal . The computations are based on the finite volume method (FVM), and the SIMPLE algorithm has been implemented. The fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics are presented for Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 2000. To generate main longitudinal vortex flows through the tested section, V-baffles with an attack angle of 45° are mounted in tandem and in-line arrangement on the opposite positions of the circular tube. Effects of tube blockage ratio, flow direction on heat transfer and pressure drop in the tube are studied. It is apparent that a pair of longitudinal twisted vortices (P-vortex) created by a V-baffle can induce impingement on a wal of the inter-baffle cavity and lead a drastic increase in heat trans-fer rate at tube wall. In addition, the larger blockage ratio results in the higher Nusselt number and friction factor values. The computational results show that the optimum thermal enhancement factor is around 3.20 at baffle height of B=0.20 and B=0.25 times of the tube diameter for the V-upstream and V-downstream, respectively. ? 2014 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press. Al rights reserved. 相似文献
18.
根据缩放管管内湍流对流换热的场协同控制机理,提出一种强化缩放管管内湍流对流换热的改型结构,即保持肋高和肋距不变的前提下,采用平直连接收缩段和扩张段的方式,延长收缩段的长度,相应缩短扩张段的长度,增强管内速度场与温度梯度场的协同作用.模拟计算的结果表明,这种新的结构可优化缩放管中速度场与热流场的协同关系,提高Nusselt数4.67%~8.34%,但同时也增大了阻力7.87%~15.22%(Re=1.5×104~5×104).与惯用的优化缩放管结构(收缩段为扩张段2倍)相比较,改型后的缩放管的Webb性能因子η=1.008~1.06. 相似文献
19.
Transport phenomena in three‐dimensional branching channel are important because of their relevance in polymer processing. In this article, an experimental study on viscoelastic flow in a three‐dimensional cylindrical branching channel is carried out to investigate variations of flow pattern. Flow visualization in representative symmetric planes is made both for the viscoelastic fluid and Newtonian flow. From the results of the present investigation, the flow field in the three‐dimensional cylindrical branching channel is clarified within the range of laminar flow. It is confirmed that corner vortex, shedding vortex, and secondary vortex flow are all obviously changed with the fluid concentration and the Reynolds number, which are much more three‐dimensional and complex than the Newtonian fluid, and the flow pattern of the viscoelastic fliud flow largely depends on the Reynolds number and fluid concentration. Even for the viscoelastic flow at the low Reynolds number, shedding vortex and secondary vortex and complex three‐dimensional flow occur in the cylinder. The flow field is not symmetric space for the viscoelastic flow and however is fairly symmetric for the Newtonian fluid. The above reasons explain why the flow deflection happens even at the low Reynolds number flow. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献