共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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针对跨尺度微小型零件的精密装配中显微视觉视场狭小与零件的特征尺寸跨度较大相矛盾的问题,研究了跨尺度零件的位姿检测技术,基于高、低倍显微视觉单元研制了自动装配系统,系统采用模块化体系结构及先看后动的装配控制模式.提出局部特征拼接法实现了跨尺度零件的定位测量,使用标定尺对系统坐标系之间的误差角进行了标定,采用参考基准法辅助对显微视觉单元切换后的装配基准进行定位.设计测试模板对系统测量精度进行了验证,结果显示高倍显微视觉单元的同轴度测量精度优于1.5 μm,平行度精度优于1μm.利用研制的装配系统进行了装配实验,实验结果表明,关键零件的装配精度满足工艺要求.该装配系统可稳定、可靠地完成跨尺度微小型零件的自动装配. 相似文献
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为了实现对微小环片零件的自动化装配,搭建了自动装配系统.通过4根直线导向轴与4个直线轴承来提高系统的导向精度和刚度.采用直线导轨进行各装配作业模块之间的切换,保证了微小环片零件的自动装配与取出.在环片的装配方向上,螺旋升降机和光栅尺实现环片的位置精度控制.在Lab VIEW编程环境中,采用分层软件架构和模块化控制思想,避免了不必要的数据循环检测与丢失,能够达到环片组件的装配精度要求.控制系统分为系统初始化模块、参数设置模块、装配模块和取出模块,自动装配系统通过各个模块间的相互交流配合完成装配任务.采用本文中自动装配系统装配环片的实验结果表明,环片零件装配的最大位置误差为26μm,垂直度误差为17μm,平均装配时间为75 s/片,可满足环片组件所需的精度要求. 相似文献
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针对微小型零件的装配问题,搭建了四轴微装配系统,利用VC++平台开发了微小型零件自动装配软件,实现了可视化人机交互式装配.微装配系统软件设计模式采用分层架构的思想,通过分析类和对象的关系,采用创建类的方式封装了微装配软件系统架构的主要模块.软件模块包括运动控制、气动控制、图像采集与处理、模板数据管理、示教再现以及相机标定.采用面向对象的方式实现了各个模块间的数据交换,创建了机器视觉与示教再现相结合的自动装配控制模式.装配测试表明:该系统运行平稳,装配过程中无需人工干预,可以很好地实现不同尺寸微小型零件的自动装配;软件具有很好的重复性、人机交互性和稳定性. 相似文献
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精密微小型零件自动装配系统显微机器视觉的照明自动优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了在微小型零件装配过程中始终获得质量最佳的零件图像,对显微视觉照明光强的自动优化问题进行了研究。为实现对零件的轮廓边缘与表面细节的照明,基于同轴光源与环形光源开发了照明自动控制系统。对比分析了四种图像质量评价函数的照明优化性能,提出了基于Roberts梯度和函数的图像质量评测方法,并应用于研制的装配系统。装配实验结果表明,光强优化过程快速准确,光强优化后目标边缘的对比度显著增强,消除了零件误识别现象,满足微小型零件高精度装配自动化的要求。 相似文献
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装配是高性能精密微小器件或产品制造过程中的关键环节,由于零件及其关键结构的尺寸微小,微小装配必然是基于传感器与测量技术的精密装配。在微小零件装配过程中,需要精确测量待装配零件之间的相对位置和姿态的偏差,控制配合零件之间的接触力或接触状态。首先对用于精密微小装配的传感器技术进行了概述;然后结合精密微小装配中的应用需求,对机器视觉、力觉等主要传感器与测量技术进行了综述,并分析了精密测量与装配控制的技术与方法,旨在对精密装配相关的技术开发、装配设备研制提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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杜洪江 《中国新技术新产品》2013,(8)
机械产品质量的好坏在很大程度上与装夹该产品夹具的精度有很大关系,传统的调整装配法是依据图纸加工出各零件,然后进行组装,该方法满足不了夹具精度的设计要求,一种特殊的加工工艺方法-装配加工法则易于获得精度的要求。本文首先对装配加工法进行了简单的介绍,之后结合一些典型的实例从夹具导向元件和定位元件精度要求方面,对其进行了详细的阐述,大量的实践结果表明,该方法在保证夹具生产精度上最为有效。 相似文献
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为了减小装配变形,提高机床装配精度,提出了一种考虑装配变形的机床床身优化设计方法。首先,分析了机床装配变形部位和床身装配变形机理,研究了影响机床床身装配变形的因素及其影响规律;其次,基于响应面模型和遗传算法,提出了考虑装配变形的机床床身多目标优化方法,给出了优化设计流程;最后,以经典的机床床身为实例,以床身结构参数为设计变量,以床身质量、装配变形幅值、最大静变形量最小和一阶固有频率最大为优化目标,对床身进行优化设计。结果表明:床身长度和宽度方向的筋板数量和筋板厚度均对装配变形有重要影响;床身优化后,可有效减小装配变形,提高装配精度,同时使床身的质量更小、刚度更大和动态性能更优。研究结果不但为机床基础大件的结构分析与优化设计提供了参考,也为其他类似设备的多目标优化提供了理论依据,具有重要的工程实践价值。 相似文献
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Two-stage hybrid flow shop (HFS) scheduling problem followed by single assembly machine is addressed in this paper. To produce the final product, parts need to be processed on the HFS stages and thereafter, several parts are joined under the assembly operations based on the predefined Bill of Materials of the product. The aim of this research is to find the schedule which minimises completion time of the last product, i.e. makespan. For the considered problem, lower bound, heuristic algorithms and two metaheuristic techniques based on artificial immune system are developed. Computational results demonstrate that the proposed lower bound and heuristic algorithms outperform the existent lower bounds and heuristic algorithms. 相似文献
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Quality of an assembly is mainly based on the quality of mating parts. Due to random variation in sources such as materials, machines, operators and measurements, even those mating parts manufactured by the same process vary in their dimensions. When mating parts are assembled linearly, the resulting variation will be the sum of the mating part tolerances. Many assemblies are not able to meet the assembly specification in the available assembly methods. This will decrease the manufacturing system efficiency. Batch selective assembly is helpful to keep the assembly requirement and also to increase the manufacturing system efficiency. In traditional selective assembly, the mating part population is partitioned to form selective groups, and the parts of corresponding selective groups are assembled interchangeably. After the invention of advanced dimension measuring devices and the computer, today batch selective assembly plays a vital role in the manufacturing system. In batch selective assembly, all dimensions of a batch of mating parts are measured and stored in a computer. Instead of forming selective groups, each and every part is assigned to its best matching part. In this work, a particle swarm optimisation based algorithm is proposed by applying the batch selective assembly methodology to a multi-characteristic assembly environment, to maximise the assembly efficiency and thereby maximising the manufacturing system efficiency. The proposed algorithm is tested with a set of experimental problem data sets and is found to outperform the traditional selective assembly and sequential assembly methods, in producing solutions with higher manufacturing system efficiency. 相似文献
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The present paper focuses on parts presentation in manual assembly. Its aim is to determine how kitting affects the time spent by the assembler fetching parts and, more specifically, what is the impact of the proportion of parts included in the kit. The present paper is based on four case studies of automobile assembly, in which parts presentation by kitting is compared with parts presentation in component racks. In the case studies, kitting enabled shorter distances between parts presentation and assembly object and thereby a potential reduction in the time spent fetching parts. However, when only a proportion of parts were kitted, the time spent fetching parts was not always reduced, in spite of this potential. The present paper finds that when deciding which parts should be kitted, attention should be paid to how and in what order assembly operations are performed. 相似文献