腹腔镜生物补片无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝13例临床分析

目的评价应用腹腔镜技术行腹股沟嵌顿疝松解、采用生物补片一期行无张力疝修补术的效果。方法回顾性分析我院2012年1月~2014年12月13例应用腹腔镜技术行腹股沟嵌顿疝松解、采用生物补片一期行无张力疝修补术患者的临床资料。结果 2例患者在全身麻醉后嵌顿疝自动复位,11例患者在腹腔镜下行松解、复位;均行经腹腹膜前补片植入术,术后患者均恢复良好,随访2~12个月,平均随访5.7个月,无复发及严重并发症。结论腹腔镜下行腹股沟嵌顿疝松解、采用生物补片一期行无张力疝修补术安全有效。     

腹腔镜手术治疗小儿腹股沟嵌顿疝

目的探讨腹腔镜手术在小儿腹股沟嵌顿疝中的应用价值。方法全麻后腹腔镜引导下手法复位嵌顿疝,腹腔镜下疝囊高位结扎术。结果21例小儿嵌顿疝均在腹腔镜下完成疝囊高位结扎,2例同时行小肠浆膜破裂修补术,1例行乙状结肠肠脂垂切除术,无并发症发生。18例患儿随访3~19个月,平均11.4月,无复发。结论腹腔镜手术治疗小儿腹股沟嵌顿疝安全可行,创伤小,恢复快。     

腹腔镜手术治疗小儿嵌顿性腹股沟斜疝的临床分析（附33例报告）

目的：探讨腹腔镜手术治疗小儿嵌顿性腹股沟斜疝的临床应用价值。方法：回顾分析2013年1月至2014年1月为33例嵌顿性腹股沟斜疝患儿行腹腔镜手术的临床资料。结果：9例麻醉后自动复位,17例腹腔镜下复位,7例难复性嵌顿疝经腹股沟小切口打开疝囊颈束环后腹腔镜下复位,33例复位成功后均行腹腔镜疝囊高位结扎术,14例同时行对侧隐匿疝治疗。7例打开疝囊颈束环者,丝线缝合修补并缩窄内环口,2例镜下同期切除阑尾。无一例中转开腹。手术时间平均（19.8±9.9）min,平均住院（3.2±1.1）d。术后无切口感染、阴囊血肿发生。随访3-12个月,无睾丸萎缩、复发等并发症发生。结论：腹腔镜下腹腔探查、嵌顿疝松解术及疝囊高位结扎术治疗小儿腹股沟嵌顿性斜疝安全、简便、暴露充分、微创、并发症少、术后康复快,术中可同时处理对侧隐匿性疝。     

腹腔镜手术治疗婴幼儿腹股沟嵌顿性斜疝62例

目的：探讨腹腔镜手术在婴幼儿腹股沟嵌顿性斜疝中的临床应用价值。方法2011年2月-2014年2月采用腹腔镜急诊手术治疗婴幼儿腹股沟嵌顿疝62例,气管插管全麻后腹腔镜辅助手法复位,复位失败于腹股沟外环体表投影1．5 cm小切口,松解嵌顿,均行腹腔镜下内环口高位结扎。结果62例均顺利完成腹腔镜手术：腹腔镜辅助复位49例,手术时间（32．4±11．9）min,住院时间（4．3±1．1）d;腹腔镜嵌顿松解13例,手术时间（52．1±15．4）min,住院时间（5．1±1．7）d。无输精管、精索血管损伤,无阴囊血肿、切口感染等并发症。62例随访2-24个月,平均14个月,术后无睾丸萎缩、医源性隐睾、切口疝等并发症,术后复发1例,复发率1．6％（1/62）。结论腹腔镜下可同时发现和处理对侧隐性内环口未闭,腹腔镜手术治疗婴幼儿腹股沟嵌顿性斜疝安全可行,疗效确切。     

无张力疝修补术在腹股沟嵌顿疝中的应用

目的探讨无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝的可行性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2013年6月,芜湖市第二人民医院收治腹股沟嵌顿疝35例患者的临床资料,其中行无张力疝修补术14例（包括Lichtenstein术3例和Rutkow术11例）,传统疝修补术6例（Bassini术）,高位结扎疝囊15例,观察手术后的局部疼痛、切口感染以及术后复发等情况。结果35例患者手术均顺利完成,术后无切口感染、手术死亡。所有患者术后门诊随访3～6个月,未见复发。结论无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝安全、有效,值得临床应用。     

腹腔镜治疗小儿急性腹股沟嵌顿性斜疝45例报告

目的：探讨暖腔镜治疗小儿急性腹暖沟嵌顿性斜疝的临床应用价值。方法：2002年1月至2006年12月，应用腹腔镜手术治疗小儿急性愎股沟嵌顿性斜疝45例。其中男42例，女3例，10周～7岁，平均3．8岁。手法复位不成功后，立即行腹腔镜手术。腹腔镜下还纳内容物．检查肠管，并行内环口高位结扎术，脐正中襞覆盖内环口及其周围。结果：45例均在腹腔镜下复位成功，无中转开腹，平均手术时间30min（10—50min），肠鸣音恢复时间6．2h（4．0～10h），住院4.5d（2～7d），无并发症发生、随访6～48个月，平均26个月，无复发及睾丸萎缩。结论：腹腔镜治疗小儿急性嵌顿性斜疝具有直视下可同时还纳疝内容物，检查嵌顿器官，修补疝内环口等优点。术中内容物复位容易，住院时间短，术后康复快，值得推广。     

无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝45例体会

目的:探讨无张力疝修补术治疗成人腹股沟嵌顿疝的临床效果。 方法：回顾性分析无张力疝修补术治疗45例腹股沟嵌顿疝患者（包括平片式修补Lichtenstein术12例、疝环充填式Rutkow术31例及经腹股沟切口Kugel腹股沟疝修补术2例）的临床资料。 结果：45例手术过程均顺利。无切口感染和排异反应，无术后死亡。所有患者术后3个月获得门诊随访，未见复发。 结论：无张力疝修补术在治疗成人腹股沟嵌顿疝有良好效果。     

腹腔镜探查并一期经腹腹膜前疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝

目的:探讨腹腔镜探查一期经腹腹膜前疝修补术(transabdominal preperitoneal,TAPP)治疗腹股沟急性嵌顿疝的可行性及安全性。方法:2014年6月至2015年12月收治13例腹股沟急性嵌顿疝患者,均为手法复位失败者。采用气管插管,腹腔镜探查同期行TAPP。监测患者的手术时间、术中出血量、中转开腹情况、补片及腹腔感染、住院时间,并与对照组160例常规腹股沟疝修补术患者进行对比研究。结果:12例腹股沟急性嵌顿疝患者均在腹腔镜下成功完成一期TAPP。1例因肠坏死,疝修补后中转开腹行坏死小肠切除术;3例肠管肿胀缺血,观察15 min,肠管血运改善,肠蠕动恢复。术后无一例发生补片感染及严重并发症,患者均康复出院,随访至今,未见复发。结论:TAPP治疗腹股沟急性嵌顿疝安全、可行,疗效可靠。     

腹腔镜下疝囊高位结扎术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝18例

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝的临床效果。方法 2009年1月～2010年12月对18例腹股沟嵌顿疝行腹腔镜下腹股沟嵌顿疝松解术及疝内环关闭术。建立CO2气腹后置入10 mm trocar,置入30°腹腔镜,腹腔内探查,寻找嵌顿的疝内容物,置入电凝钩或超声刀切开内环口狭窄环,回纳嵌顿肠管。6例嵌顿小肠已坏死,在相应部位腹壁做小切口（约4 cm）,拖出相应小肠行坏死小肠切除,端端吻合术。疝内环结扎术可采用2种方法：6例于疝内环腹壁投影处做0.3 cm切口,穿刺导线针行疝内环结扎术;12例镜下腹腔内置入针线行疝内环缝合打结。结果麻醉后2例嵌顿疝自动复位。嵌顿肠管无坏死;16例在腹腔镜下松解、复位。嵌顿内容物：小肠16例,大网膜2例;10例嵌顿肠管和2例嵌顿大网膜无坏死,6例嵌顿肠管坏死,拖出相应小肠行坏死小肠切除,端端吻合术。2例发现无症状的隐匿疝,给予疝内环结扎。2例术后出现皮下气肿,均于1 d自行吸收;4例出现腹股沟区原疝囊部位积液、水肿,即血清肿,经局部穿刺（1～4次,平均1.8次）痊愈;术后均无出血、感染。术后住院4～7 d,平均5 d。术后7～30 d（平均15.2 d）行二期无张力疝修补术,二次手术期间无疝复发。结论腹腔镜下腹腔探查、嵌顿疝松解术及疝囊高位结扎术更适合急诊腹股沟嵌顿疝的治疗,具有术式安全、暴露充分、操作简便、易掌握等优点,可同时发现及处理对侧隐匿性疝,符合微创治疗的原则。     

腹腔镜下疝内容物复位加疝环充填式无张力疝修补术治疗成人腹股沟嵌顿疝的临床应用

目的探讨腹腔镜下疝内容物复位加疝环充填式无张力疝修补术治疗成人腹股沟嵌顿疝的可行性及临床价值。方法回顾性分析我院2012年6月至2016年6月应用腹腔镜下疝内容物复位加疝环充填式无张力疝修补术治疗46例嵌顿性腹股沟疝患者的临床资料。结果全麻后有11例疝内容物自行回纳,腹腔镜下探查疝内容物均为小肠,其中1例小肠坏死,行部分小肠切除术。余35例患者成功行腹腔镜下疝内容物复位,其中2例大网膜坏死行部分大网膜切除术。所有患者腹腔渗出液WBC为1.32×10~9/L~78.81×10~9/L,平均(25.34±11.03)×10~9/L,疝囊周围渗液WBC为0.18×10~9/L~2.31×10~9/L,平均(0.42±0.28)×10~9/L。所有患者疝囊外周渗液涂片未找到脓细胞。术中腹腔镜探查发现合并对侧隐匿疝(斜疝)5例,予行疝环缝扎术,脂肪肝7例,肝囊肿14例,空肠憩室1例。全部病例顺利行疝环充填式无张力疝修补术。手术时间75~110 min,平均87.4 min。住院时间5~7 d,平均6.7 d。术后肠功能恢复时间15~36 h,平均20.4 h。术后5例出现血清肿、3例出现暂时性神经感觉异常。1例出现腹股沟区伤口脂肪液化坏死,加强伤口消毒、换药后伤口逐渐愈合。余病例无并发症。随访时间4个月至40个月,平均22.8个月,无术后疝复发。结论腹腔镜下疝内容物复位加疝环充填式无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝具有探查全面、及时复位、一期修补的优点,安全可行。     

小儿腹股沟嵌顿疝手法复位后的并发症及处理

目的总结小儿腹股沟嵌顿疝手法复位后并发症的诊治经验。方法回顾性分析2012-01—2013-12间收治的15例手法复位后出现并发症的腹股沟嵌顿疝患儿的临床资料。结果 15例均住院接受了开腹手术治疗。术中发现:3例为假性复位,切开疝囊松解并复位肠管。12例为消化道穿孔,其中5例腹腔污染重而行肠造瘘术,术后3～6个月行闭瘘术,1例闭瘘术后1个月因粘连性肠梗阻再一次手术松解肠粘连;7例腹腔污染较轻,家长拒绝造瘘,一期行肠穿孔修补术。1例穿孔修补术后2周因发现嵌顿疝对侧腹股沟出现斜疝,而行疝囊高位结扎术。其余患儿均恢复顺利。术后随访1～23个月,未再出现其他不适。结论严格掌握小儿腹股沟嵌顿疝手法复位的适应证、禁忌证,选取正确的操作手法。手法复位后需密切观察病情变化,以便能及时发现并发症并选取适当的治疗方法,最大限度降低患儿不必要的痛苦。     

腹腔镜诊治老年嵌顿性腹股沟疝62例临床分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜技术诊治老年嵌顿性腹股沟疝的应用价值。方法:回顾分析2017年1月至2019年2月收治的62例老年嵌顿性腹股沟疝患者的临床资料,包括一般资料、手术成功率、并发症发生率、死亡率、复发率。结果:62例患者中斜疝59例,直疝1例,股疝2例,患者均完成腹腔镜探查及疝内容物还纳,其中5例行肠切除加内环口成形术,55例行腹腔镜经腹膜前疝修补术,2例中转李金斯坦术。手术时间平均(76.4±18.9)min;平均住院(5.9±1.8)d;术后发生血清肿发生率2例(3.2%),无切口感染、慢性疼痛发生;死亡率1.6%(1/62)。术后随访4~24个月,随访率78.7%(48/61),无复发病例。结论:腹腔镜技术具有探查优势,诊治老年嵌顿性腹股沟疝安全、有效。     

Laparoscopy in the evaluation of the incarcerated mass in groin hernia

BACKGROUND: In hernia patients, the preoperative diagnosis of strangulation is difficult. In this prospective study, we investigated the usefulness of an exploratory laparoscopy to evaluate the viability of a viscus incarcerated in a groin hernia. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with an acute irreducible inguinal mass underwent exploratory laparoscopy. The hernia was reduced, and the viability of the incarcerated viscus was judged laparoscopically on the basis of color, congestion, and contractility. RESULTS: Twenty-four hernias were found. In sixteen patients, the contents of the hernia were viable. In five patients, a necrotic bowel segment was found, and a laparotomy and resection were done. In three patients, no hernias were found. The cause of inguinal pain was spermatic cord hematoma in one patient and inguinal abscess in another; however, the cause of pain in the third patient remained unclear. After laparotomy, one patient developed a fascial rupture that required reoperation. There were no other complications. CONCLUSION: At laparoscopy, the judgment of the viability of the contents of the hernia is similar to that at laparotomy. The early use of laparoscopy can prevent many unnecessary laparotomies.     

腹腔镜探查后行完全腹膜外补片修补治疗急性腹股沟嵌顿疝的临床分析

目的：总结腹腔镜探查后行完全腹膜外疝修补术（totally extraperitoneal,TEP）治疗腹股沟疝急性嵌顿的优势。方法：2009年5月至2013年5月收治22例急性腹股沟嵌顿疝患者,手法复位成功4例,余18例行联合手术治疗,全麻后先行腹腔镜探查,还纳疝内容物,如无肠管坏死,则转行TEP,术中完整分离疝囊后放置补片。结果：18例手法复位失败的急性腹股沟嵌顿疝患者均成功施行TEP,无一例中转开腹;疝内容物还纳入腹腔轻松、快捷,未出现肠管坏死。5例患者伴肠管缺血,TEP术后再进行腹腔镜探查,观察肠管缺血范围未扩大、缺血程度未加重,未行特殊处理。术后无一例补片感染及严重并发症发生;随访至今,未见复发。结论：TEP治疗急性腹股沟嵌顿疝安全可行,疗效可靠,先行腹腔镜探查可快速评估嵌顿肠管是否存在缺血坏死,应用于老年患者优势明显。     

Hybrid method using laparoscopy and Lichtenstein's technique for incarcerated inguinal hernia in a patient with liver cirrhosis and severe varicose veins: A case report

IntroductionCirrhosis is a significant determinant of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Patients with severe liver cirrhosis are substantially contraindicated for surgical treatment of inguinal hernia because of the substantial recurrence rate and high postoperative morbidity and mortality. However, hernia with incarceration and strangulation, which could become life-threatening, should be repaired urgently even for patients with severe liver cirrhosis. No clear surgical guidelines have been established regarding the treatment strategy for inguinal hernia in patients with cirrhosis.Presentation of caseA 62-year-old man with a history of chronic C-type liver cirrhosis (Child-Pugh classification C) and hepatocellular carcinoma was referred to us for surgical treatment of an irreducible right inguinal hernia. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed that the small intestine had herniated into the scrotum and severe abdominal wall varicose veins due to liver cirrhosis. We performed a hybrid method that combines examination laparoscopy and Lichtenstein's technique to observe the abdominal cavity and to avoid the risks due to severe varicosis of the inferior epigastric vein.DiscussionThere have been some reports of inguinal hernia with cirrhosis and ascites, but no reports of incarcerated inguinal hernia with abdominal wall varicose veins. In the present case, we chose a laparoscopic approach to observe the abdominal cavity to confirm intestinal necrosis. Hybrid surgery using laparoscopy and Lichtenstein's technique for incarcerated inguinal hernia could be performed safely.ConclusionHybrid surgery using laparoscopy and Lichtenstein's technique may be an effective method for patients with incarcerated inguinal hernia with end-stage cirrhosis and severe abdominal varicosis.     

Hernia Sac Laparoscopy under Spinal Anesthesia for Evaluation of Reduced Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia

Hernia sac laparoscopy (laparoscopy through an inguinal hernia sac) is a useful method to evaluate the viability of the self-reduced bowel of incarcerated inguinal hernia that is suspected for strangulation, and avoid unnecessary exploratory laparotomy. On the other hand, peritoneal insufflation for laparoscopy is best avoided in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or poor cardiac output. Here, we describe a 78-year-old male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure, whose incarcerated inguinal hernia self-reduced when he was given spinal anesthesia. Bowel viability was in question, so hernia sac laparoscopy without gas was performed, which allowed us adequate evaluation of the reduced bowel by positioning alone, avoiding both exploratory laparotomy and peritoneal insufflation. In our case, hernia sac laparoscopy under spinal anesthesia without pneumoperitoneum was sufficient to obtain necessary information with minimal surgical stress. This paper was presented at Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons 2006 Annual Meeting.     

单切口腹腔镜治疗儿童腹股沟嵌顿斜疝121例

目的探讨单切口腹腔镜治疗儿童腹股沟嵌顿斜疝的疗效。方法回顾性分析2013年3月至2014年6月,首都儿科研究所行单切口腹腔镜治疗儿童腹股沟嵌顿斜疝121例。术前诊断右侧嵌顿疝89例,左侧嵌顿疝32例。经脐切口置入trocar建立气腹,置入腹腔镜、无损伤钳,探查患侧疝内容物类型、嵌顿程度。腹腔镜下辅以体外手法复位将嵌顿疝复位,观察嵌顿脏器损伤情况。如嵌顿脏器无损伤,行腹腔镜下疝囊高位结扎术。探查对侧如存在隐性疝则同时处理。结果121例患儿均顺利完成单孔腹腔镜手术。术中探查发现合并对侧隐性疝34例。嵌顿疝内容物90例为肠管,20例为卵巢,11例为网膜。手法协助复位均顺利还纳,镜下观察5min,121例嵌顿脏器均血运良好。单侧疝（87例）手术时间为9～15min,平均12min;双侧疝（34例）手术时间为15～28min,平均24min。麻醉清醒后进食,疼痛均能耐受。术后平均12h出院。随访1～15个月,无切口感染,无阴囊水肿、血肿等并发症,无复发。结论单切口腹腔镜治疗儿童腹股沟嵌顿斜疝不破坏腹股沟管解剖结构,可高位结扎,直视下探查嵌顿疝内容物损伤情况,探查对侧有无隐性疝。该技术安全、有效、微创,值得推广。     

Two-trocar needlescopic approach to incarcerated inguinal hernia in children

Background

Many studies described the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopy in the treatment of inguinal hernia in children. Needlescopic techniques have been recently used in repairing inguinal hernias, which made this type of surgery more cosmetic and less invasive. However, few reports have described its role in the treatment of incarcerated inguinal hernia. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and outcome of needlescopy in the treatment of incarcerated inguinal hernia in children.

Methods

A total of 250 children, comprising 190 boys and 60 girls, who presented with incarcerated inguinal hernia were analyzed. Their ages ranged from 6 months to 6 years (mean age, 2 years). In 170 (68%) cases, manual reduction was successful. One hundred of these patients were subjected to definitive surgery in the same day, whereas the remaining 70 patients were subjected to needlescopy 1 to 3 days later. In 80 (32%) cases, external manual reduction was unsuccessful. These children were subjected to urgent needlescopic reduction and herniorrhaphy. The incarcerated herniae were easily reduced and the contents thoroughly inspected under direct vision. Then the hernia was repaired in the same setting.

Results

In all patients, there was no need to convert the procedure to an open approach. Immediate needlescopic herniorrhaphy in the same session was added without significant increase in operative time. The mean operative time is 10 minutes. There were no intraoperative complications.

Conclusions

The study showed that needlescopic approach to incarcerated inguinal hernia in children is feasible, safe, easy, and preferable to the open surgery. In addition to reduction of incarcerated hernial contents under direct vision, it allows definitive treatment of hernial defect at the same time without significant increase in operative time and hospital stay.