六自由度喷涂机器人示教检查的研究

通过介绍目前喷涂机器人的研究现状.引出在工业级计算机IPC与运动控制卡的平台上研制六自由度喷涂机器人的可行性.在参考其它工业机器人的示教检查的基础上,本文提出符合6自由喷涂机器人工作要求的新的示教检查的方法,并详细介绍示教检查中单步检查、连续检查和干运行三部分的程序流程及具体实现途径.     

基于离线编程技术的喷涂机器人第七轴开发

基于离线编程技术的喷涂机器人轨迹生成已成为喷涂机器人控制方法的发展趋势。通过对现有的六轴机器人轨迹生成方案的分析和研究,提出了在喷涂轨迹设计中增加第七轴的方案。该方案通过改变六轴机器人的运动方式扩展了机器人的可达空间,使其能够完成复杂工件曲面的喷涂。实验结果表明,与传统的六轴机器人轨迹生成方案相比,所提出的方案对于复杂曲面的喷涂效果更好,更适于实际工业应用。     

迅速发展的军用机器人技术

机器人技术发展迅猛 从技术角度来看,现代机器人已发展到第三代。第一代机器人是示教再现型工业机器人。它们装有记忆储存器,由人将作业的各种操作要求示范给机器人,使之记住操作的程序和要领。当它接到再现命令时,则自主地模仿示教的动作行事。第二代机器人是装有小型计算机和传感器的离散编程的工业机器人。它能感知外界信息和进行“思维”,比第一代机器人更灵活、更能适应环境变化的需要。第三代是智能机器人,它装有多种传感器,能识别作业环境,能自主决策,具有人类大脑的部分功能,且动作灵活,是人工智能技术发展到高级阶段的产物。     

形形色色的机器人之最

自从第一台机器人问世以来，机器人已经历了第一代机器人、第二代机器人（被称作工业机器人），第三代机器人（目前正在研制的）的发展道路。机器人的发展演变比起人类的从猿到人的发展演变不知要快了多少万倍。在短短时间内诞生和成长的机器人，自从挤身于人类世界以来已在广泛领域代替了人的工作。机器人不仅有效地延伸了人类的大脑、双手和双脚，它的结构和功能也颇仿人类的模式。机器人用电脑代替人的大脑；用传动装置代替人的肌肉；用动作机构与行走装置代替人的手和脚；用传感器做的感觉装置代替人的力没、触觉、视觉和听觉；用动力装…     

采用示教杆的机器人喷涂轨迹生成方法研究

为了解决汽车局部漆面的机器人喷涂轨迹快速获取需求，提出了一种采用示教杆的工业机器人喷涂轨迹生成方法。该方法设计了1∶1复制工业机器人D -H模型参数的示教杆，并建立了基于B样条曲面算法的喷涂轨迹路径点及姿态生成模型。在方法测试中，介绍了喷涂轨迹生成的实验流程，以汽车翼子板和车门为例，采用示教杆进行表面轮廓点获取与路径位姿生成仿真，最后在协作机器人（负载5kg）进行在机运行测试。测试表明，所提出的方法能够快速获得喷涂目标区域轨迹，验证了方法的可行性。     

中国工业机器人的市场现状及发展趋势

2011年1二业机器人市场从销售额来看,工业机器人市场按照类型划分使用量最大的工业机器人为：焊接,喷涂和搬运机器人。这三种类型的工业机器人总销量占到整体销量的61％。未来,中国工业机器人发展方向是净室机器人（喷涂特殊油漆且表面通过打磨抛光的机器人）,能够广泛应用与电子行业,微电子行业,食品行业,医药等其他行业。     

双排链式输送机在汽车涂装生产线的应用

目前各大汽车厂多采用机器人喷涂代替手工喷涂,但建设时间稍早的生产线还是由人工手工喷涂,这就需要通过改造、新增设备等形式,满足机器人喷涂的要求。本文通过对车间地面积放链、工艺台车等的改造,增加双排链输送机,最终实现改造成本低、风险小、维护保养简单、适合机器人喷涂的一种可行的输送方案。     

高层建筑喷涂机器人系统研究

本文论述了用于高层建筑外墙面装饰材料喷涂作业的喷涂机器人系统，着重论述了 该机器人系统的组成和特点、机器人支援系统和机器人本体结构的设计，讨论了机器人控制 系统的结构原理，并对机器人控制系统的实现和基于传感器的任务调度机制进行了深入的探 讨．     

三维可视化的喷涂机器人离线轨迹规划系统

传统的喷涂机器人采用人工示教的方式生成喷涂轨迹,该方法依赖工人经验,规划时间长,且不能产生最佳轨迹。为克服这些缺陷,提高喷涂机器人的喷涂质量与喷涂效率,文中通过对喷涂机器人喷涂过程建模、喷涂路径规划、喷涂过程仿真进行深入的研究与分析,建立了喷涂机器人离线轨迹规划与仿真系统整体框架。在此基础上,采用MFC和OpenGL开发了完整的离线轨迹规划与仿真系统,该系统能够针对不同的工件生成正确的轨迹,并能够进行三维可视化的仿真及效果显示。     

七感觉智能机器人

机器人是20世纪的重大发明,60年代末形成了机器人产业,其应用范围日益扩大,代替人们从事危险、艰苦、繁重或乏味的工作,改善人们的劳动条件,提高生产率.第一代机器人象人的上肢,能按计算机存储的程序反复地执行同一套动作顺序,完成焊接、喷漆、装配等作业,但如果工作环境或工件位置变化,机器人就不能完成任务.第二代机器人具有某些类似人的感觉装置,具有感觉识别、判断周围环境或工件位置的变化、并适当调整动作的功能,这种机器人已用于生产.第三代机器人具有多种感觉,具有决策功能,称为智能机器人,尚处于研究试验阶段,有广阔的前景.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。