矩形磁流变弹性薄板的动力稳定性分析

磁流变弹性体材料制成的构件在机械荷载和强磁场共同作用下时,材料的弹性模量随外加磁场的变化而变化,构件的变形也使得构件内、外的磁场随之改变,因此这是一个耦合场问题,而且本构关系是非线性的。在载流薄板的运动方程、物理方程及磁流变本构关系的基础上,导出了由磁流变弹性体制成的薄板在电磁场与机械荷载共同作用下的磁弹性动力屈曲方程,应用Galerkin原理将屈曲方程整理为Mathieu方程的标准形式,并将动力屈曲问题归结为对Mathieu方程的求解。利用Mathieu方程解的稳定性,及系数λ和η之间的本征关系,导出了磁流变弹性薄板动力屈曲临界状态的判别方程。讨论了磁场强度、薄板厚度、颗粒体积分数、薄板长度等参量对四边简支磁流变弹性薄板临界失稳荷载的影响。     

固定边载流矩形板的磁弹性效应分析

针对在电磁场和机械场耦合作用下的载流矩形板的二维磁弹性问题进行了研究.在给出矩形薄板的磁弹性非线性运动方程、几何方程、物理方程、电动力学方程和Lorentz力表达式的基础上,建立了差分格式和线性化迭代方程,给出了这些方程的数值解系统,并以固定边矩形板为例,计算了该板在电磁场和机械载荷耦合作用下的应力及变形,研究了侧向电...     

求解载流薄壳二维磁弹性的差分法

本文针对在电磁场和机械场耦合作用下的载流薄壳的非线性变形问题进行了研究。给出了载流薄壳在耦合场作用下的二维电动力学方程、磁弹性非线性运动方程和Lorentz力表达式,通过变量代换将描述载流薄壳的磁弹性状态方程整理成含有10个基本未知函数的标准Cauchy型。并通过差分法及准线性化方法,将标准Cauchy型非线性偏微分方程组,变换成为能够用正交离散法编程求解的准线性微分方程组,实现了载流薄壳的磁弹性应力与变形的数值解。     

载流悬臂柱壳的非线性数值分析

针对在电磁场和机械场耦合作用下的载流柱壳的非线性变形问题的数值解法进行了研究。给出了载流柱壳在耦合场作用下的几何方程、物理方程、二维电动力学方程、磁弹性非线性运动方程和洛仑兹力表达式,建立了差分格式和线性化迭代方程,给出了这些方程的数值解系统,并以悬臂柱壳为例,计算了该壳在电磁场和机械载荷耦合作用下的应力及变形;讨论了其应力及变形与外加电磁参量之间的关系;证明了变化电磁参量可以对壳的工作状态实施控制。     

两边固支条形薄板的非线性磁弹性效应分析

在给出载流薄板的磁弹性非线性运动方程,电动力学方程的基础上,通过变量代换将描述载流薄板的磁弹性状态方程整理成含有10个基本未知函数的标准柯西(Cauchy)型。并通过差分法及准线性化方法,将标准柯西型的非线性偏微分方程组,变换成为能够用离散正交法编程求解的准线性微分方程组。通过具体算例,得到了两边固支载流条形薄板的磁弹性应力与变形的数值解。变换电磁参量讨论了载流条形薄板的应力及变形的变化规律,通过实例说明了通过变化电磁参量可实现对板的变形控制。     

导电矩形板的磁弹塑性动力失稳特征研究

基于Maxwell电磁场方程及电-磁-力多场耦合理论,研究了矩形导电薄板在横向脉冲磁场及面内恒定磁场共同作用下的弹塑性动力响应及其动力失稳特征.采用有限元方法探讨了悬臂矩形薄板在外加磁场作用下的涡电流的分布特征,数值模拟了矩形导电薄板的振幅,频率随外加磁场幅值的变化情况,给出了磁弹塑性动力失稳的临界磁场值与金属薄板的电导率、板的长厚比以及磁脉冲参数τ之间的关系,展示了不同磁场下导电薄板结构塑性区域等,这些研究结果为工程实际中电磁成形工艺的改进以及导电结构的安全设计和可靠性评估提供依据和参考.     

横向磁场中轴向变速运动矩形板的参数振动

针对磁场环境中轴向变速运动导电矩形薄板的磁弹性参数振动问题进行研究。在给出薄板运动的动能、应变能以及电磁力表达式基础上,应用哈密顿变分原理,推得轴向运动矩形薄板的磁弹性参数振动方程。针对横向磁场中四边简支边界约束下轴向变速运动矩形板的参数振动问题,通过位移函数的设定并应用伽辽金积分法,得到包含两个变系数项的马蒂厄振动方程。基于弗洛凯理论并应用平均法,对参数振动系统周期解的稳定性进行分析,得到稳定性判别条件。通过数值算例,给出参数振动系统周期解的稳定性图和振动响应曲线图,分析轴向速度等参量对薄板参数振动响应以及解的稳定性的影响。结果表明,稳定解区域对应的响应曲线呈现周期或概周期运动形式,不稳定解区域对应的响应曲线呈现发散形式。     

闭口薄壁截面圆弧拱空间动力稳定性分析

通过能量法和Hamilton原理,建立径向均布周期荷载作用下闭口薄壁截面圆弧拱动力稳定偏微分方程,利用Galerkin方法将其转化为2阶常微分Mathieu-Hill型参数振动方程,求得周期解所包围的动力不稳定区域,探讨了闭口截面圆弧拱发生空间参数振动的动力稳定性问题,分析了恒载系数、圆弧半径以及圆心角等参数对空间动力不稳定区域的影响,为工程结构动力设计提供参考依据。     

磁场环境下导电圆形薄板的磁弹性强迫振动

研究了电磁场环境下机械载荷作用圆形导电薄板的磁弹性强迫振动问题。首先给出了圆形薄板的磁弹性轴对称振动方程,并依据麦克斯韦方程,得到了相应的电磁场方程和电磁力表达式,在此基础上,对横向恒定磁场中周边固支和周边简支边界约束圆板的振动问题进行了分析。基于位移函数的设定,应用伽辽金法,推得了导电圆板的磁弹性强迫振动微分方程。通过数值计算,得到了两种边界约束条件下圆板磁弹性振动的幅频和相频曲线图,并对结果进行了分析,讨论了磁感应强度和板厚等参数对系统振动特性的影响。     

大挠度简支矩形薄板在热、力、磁耦合作用下的分岔与混沌

本文针对大挠度四边不可移简支薄板,研究其在机械载荷、电磁场与温度场耦合作用下的混沌运动。在板壳与磁弹性力学理论的基础上,考虑温度场的影响,推导出在横向稳恒磁场和机械载荷共同作用下薄板的非线性磁弹性耦合振动方程。利用Melnikov函数法,求出该动力系统Smale马蹄变换意义下出现混沌运动的条件,并对该系统振动方程进行数值模拟。通过具体算例,得到了系统的分岔图、位移波形图、相平面轨迹及庞加莱截面图,讨论了机械载荷、磁场以及温度场的参数对系统混沌运动的影响。由仿真结果可知,通过变化机械载荷、磁场和温度场参数,可以控制系统的振动特性。     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Instructions & Forms for Authors

Journal of Materials Sciences ＆ Technology is a monthly journal for the rapid dissemination of new, impor- rant results in material and related fields. Submission Electronic files of MS Word and PDF are acceptable. Please visit http：//www.jmst.org and submit online.