环氧树脂／PHMCD体系相区尺寸分布与冲击强度

用扫描隧道显微镜，扫描电子显微镜，透射电子显微镜，差示扫描量热分析等研究了环氧树奚（ＥＰ）／聚六亚甲基碳酸酯二醇（ＰＨＭＣＤ）增韧体系（ＥＰ／ＰＨＭＣＤ）的粒径分布与冲击强度的关系。结果表明，一步加料法得到的固化物中的ＰＨＭＣＤ的粒径呈单峰分布；予反应法得到的固化物中ＰＨＭＣＤ的粒径呈双峰分布，而且固化物的冲击强度较高。     

玻璃纤维增强乙烯基酯树脂复合材料的增韧

聚合物基复合材料的增韧一直是高分子材料领域研究的热点之一．文中从乙烯基酯树脂基体增韧、乙烯基酯树脂／玻璃纤堆界面改性及增强材料结构和形式的优化三个方面对玻璃纤堆增强乙蜂基酯树脂复合材料的增韧进行了综述,介绍了各种增韧方法的机理和增韧效果,对这些增韧方法进行了评述．并分析了今后的发展方向．     

马来酸酐封端聚丙撑碳酸酯及其性能研究

以马来酸酐(MA)为封端剂对聚丙撑碳酸酯(PPC)进行了封端,采用红外光谱、凝胶渗透色谱、热失重分析和差示扫描量热分析等对封端前后样品的性能进行了表征.红外光谱分析确认了马来酸酐参与了封端反应,聚合物分子量的测试表明,封端过程中有扩链反应的发生,热失重分析结果表明,马来酸酐封端能较大地提高聚丙撑碳酸酯的热分解温度.     

正硅酸乙酯封端聚丙撑碳酸酯及其热性能研究

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为封端剂对聚丙撑碳酸酯(PPC)进行封端,得到了正硅酸乙酯封端聚丙撑碳酸酯(TEOS-PPC),采用凝胶渗透色谱法、热重分析法、差示扫描量热分析法和动态热机械分析法对聚合物的性能进行了表征。聚合物分子量的测试表明,封端过程中有扩链反应的发生。热分析结果表明用TEOS对PPC进行封端可以有效地提高PPC的耐热性能和玻璃化转变温度。     

生物陶瓷增韧前后的比较研究

通过扫描电子显微镜对氧化锆增韧的羟基磷灰石和纯羟基磷灰石的裂纹扩展和断口形貌特征的观察，发现增韧的羟基磷灰石是以沿晶方式断裂，而纯羟基磷灰石是以解理方式断裂。本文分析了造成增韧前后两种材料不同断裂方式的机制，并讨论了颗粒增韧生物陶瓷的机理。     

高结晶度DMC催化二氧化碳-环氧丙烷共聚

合成了钴锌双金属氰化络合物(Co-Zn DMC)和铁锌双金属氰化络合物(Fe-Zn DMC),元素分析和粉末X射线衍射对其表征结果为高结晶度DMC催化剂。用这两种催化剂分别催化二氧化碳-环氧丙烷共聚,均表现出极高的催化效率,并对产物用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振(1H-NMR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)等方法进行表征。100℃反应15h,Co-Zn DMC的催化效率达7000gPolym/g Cat,碳酸酯键含量为45%,-Mn=35900。80℃反应15h,Fe-Zn DMC的催化效率为410gPolym/g Cat,碳酸酯键含量为71%,M-n=13300。通过DSC分析,共聚物的Tg随碳酸酯键含量的增加明显上升。     

双金属氰化络合物催化二氧化碳-氧化苯乙烯的共聚

以钴锌双金属氰化络合物(Co-Zn DMC)为催化剂,高催化效率地合成了CO_2/StO二元共聚物,以及CO_2/StO/CHO三元共聚物,并对催化剂和聚合产物用元素分析、红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振(~1H-NMR)等进行表征。二元共聚催化效率高达3600 g Polym/g Cat,碳酸酯键含量达94.5%,(?)n=13000 g/mol,分子量分布PDI=1.29;三元共聚催化效率为890 g Polym/g Cat,碳酸酯键含量为92.6%,(?)_n=16700 g/mol,PDI=1.61。通过热重分析(TG)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)研究了聚合产物的热性能,三元共聚物的T_g较聚碳酸苯亚乙酯提高了10℃左右,其碳酸酯键热分解温度都比相应的二元共聚物有所降低。     

氟代线性碳酸酯对高电压LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/人造石墨软包电池性能的影响

LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂正极材料因能量密度高、循环稳定性好及安全性高而被认为是最有前途的高能量密度锂离子电池正极材料之一。然而，传统的常规碳酸酯基电解液的耐氧化性较差，导致LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂正极材料在高电压条件下的容量快速衰减。在氟代碳酸乙烯酯(FEC)的基础上，研究了氟代线性碳酸酯(如二(2,2,2-三氟乙基)碳酸酯(TFEC)及甲基(2,2,2-三氟乙基)碳酸酯(MTFEC))替代碳酸二乙酯(DEC)在高电压下的循环稳定性。电化学测试结果表明，TFEC、MTFEC替代DEC后，4.5 V LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂/人造石墨软包电池45℃循环700圈后容量保持率分别从45.5%提高到72.5%、81.6%。线性扫描伏安法(LSV)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线...     

制备聚碳酸酯的方法

弗利斯重排产物的含量低或不能检测到的聚碳酸酯可以通过二羟基芳族化合物如双酚A与酯取代的碳酸二芳基酯如水杨酸甲酯的碳酸二芳基酯，即碳酸双（甲基水杨基）酯的熔体反应来制备。由于使用了抑制弗利斯反应的高度有效的催化剂体系和使用比用碳酸二苯酯的类似聚合反应所需温度更低的熔体聚合温度的共同结果而获得了低水平的弗利斯产物。     

分子设计改性硅橡胶及增环氧树脂

利用高分子设计方法及控制反应工艺，制备出具有氨基封端的硅橡胶改性体，分析其红外光谱，证实其产物具有预想结构，即改性后的硅橡胶为氨基封端，用改性硅橡胶对环氧树脂进行增韧改性，通过对增韧体的冲击强度测试结果表明，在改性硅橡胶加入量为0－15份的范围内，增韧体的冲击强度随着改性硅橡胶的加入量升高而明显增大，加入量超过15份以后，增韧体的冲击强度增势缓慢，改性硅橡胶对环氧树脂具有良好的增韧效果，文中同时对增韧体断面形貌进行电镜扫描观测，提出了增韧结构模型并进行了相应的理论分析。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.