稀土发光材料在印染加工中的应用研究

将具有余辉效应的稀土发光材料配制成添加剂,并按比例添加到染色和印花色浆中,对涤纶及苎麻织物分别进行了染色和印花实验,印染成品的得色深度和鲜艳度有明显提高,对添加剂及其在印染加工中的增深增艳机理进行了粗浅讨论。     

精准染色配方系统的构建与标准化研究

文章主要围绕精准染色配方系统构建进行叙述,对染色的一次成功率和染色质量管理的问题进行了简单地介绍,然后将提高染色一次成功率的策略作为构建精准染色配方系统的主要措施。通过这些策略的提出,旨在推动印染企业可以直面问题,然后根据问题进行解决,不断提升印染工业的整体水平,推动其现代化发展进程。     

涂料染色的发展与应用

涂料染色工艺简便、节水节能,为印染行业清洁生产的重要发展方向。本文就影响涂料染色各种因素的发展现状进行了综述,并对涂料染色应用方法及工艺进行了举例。     

印染废水脱氮研究进展

印染废水产量巨大,若任意排放,势必对环境造成严重的污染。文章阐述了印染废水的危害,介绍了印染废水的脱氮技术,包括硝化-反硝化工艺、生物添加剂处理方法和高级氧化处理技术,最后指出,工程实践中,应根据印染废水的特点采用合理的脱氮技术。     

纺织品一次成功染色新理念及相关纺织化学品的发展

随着国际市场对生态和环境保护的要求越来越严格,纺织企业的能源压力越来越大,现有流体染色工艺重现性差和产能低的矛盾越来越突出,各国印染行业正在努力提高生产效率,降低生产成本,本文阐述了纺织品一次成功染色新理念及相关纺织化学品的发展,它们对印染行业具有重要的意义,也是我国印染行业自主创新道路的一个重要方向.     

印染行业典型清洁生产技术综述

结合我国印染行业清洁生产发展现状,综合论述了印染企业实施清洁生产的技术途径,包括前处理工艺改进技术、染色技术、余热回收技术和废水回收技术等,对促进印染行业的可持续发展具有现实意义。     

涤/棉染色一浴法与两浴法对比试验

为了保质保量地增加涤/棉印染产品,我们围绕了印染加工工艺中染色采用一浴法还是两浴法好这个问题,做了一系列小试和大生产试验,探索到底两种染色工艺对实物质量和成本有何差异,试验情况如下: 一、试验方法我们的试验分两步进行,首先采用小样摸索,以深蓝为例,将实际生产的处方进行一浴     

涤纶长丝染色质量和布面色斑的原因分析

针对用户在使用涤纶长丝过程中反映的染色质量问题,进行了调查研究和分析,对深色条纹、布面色斑等染色质量进行了检测并分析了原因,指出生产中应严格控制纺丝工艺条件,印染工序过程也应严格管理.     

超临界二氧化碳染色的现状研究

针对传统水染工艺不能从根本上解决印染行业水环境污染严重及资源消耗、浪费大的问题,介绍了一种全新的清洁生产技术——超临界CO2染色,重点论述了超临界流体和超临界CO2染色工艺的特点,对国内外超临界二氧化碳染色技术在合成纤维和天然纤维纺织品染色中的研究现状作了全面分析,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

印染新技术的发展动向

本文综述了近年来的具有划时代意义的印染技术四大发明,即超临界二氧化碳染色、生物酶、低温等离子体的应局和喷墨印花技术.这些印染新技术的发展也对染料和助剂行业提出了新的要求.     

Modifying of Cotton Fabric Surface with Nano-ZnO Multilayer Films by Layer-by-Layer Deposition Method

ZnO nanoparticle–based multilayer nanocomposite films were fabricated on cationized woven cotton fabrics via layer-by-layer molecular self-assembly technique. For cationic surface charge, cotton fabrics were pretreated with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EP3MAC) by pad-batch method. XPS and SEM were used to examine the deposited nano-ZnO multilayer films on the cotton fabrics. The nano-ZnO films deposited on cotton fabrics exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results also showed that the coated fabrics with nano-ZnO multilayer films enhanced the protection of cotton fabrics from UV radiation. Physical tests (tensile strength of weft and warp yarns, air permeability and whiteness values) were performed on the fabrics before and after the treatment with ZnO nanoparticles to evaluate the effect of layer-by-layer (LbL) process on cotton fabrics properties.     

一种用于织物化学镀的无钯活化工艺

为了研究和开发性能更加优良、工艺更加经济环保的电磁防护化学镀织物,以涤棉混纺织物为试验原料,研究了织物化学镀的前处理工艺,提出了一种新的无钯前处理方法,即通过柠檬酸对镍盐的络合作用,再利用硼氢化钾的还原性将织物上络合的镍盐还原,使织物表面具有一层活化中心。与传统有钯活化工艺进行对比分析,结果表明:无钯前处理方法能够引发后期织物表面的化学镀镍反应,且织物在化学镀过程中具有较高的活性,反应速率快;通过扫描电镜及防电磁辐射测试仪等测试表征,发现织物表面形成了一层致密的金属薄膜镀层;织物的电磁屏蔽效能平均值达到了52.89 d B。     

防辐射纤维及其织物的研究进展

介绍了电磁波辐射的危害、防护原理,以及防辐射纤维及织物的研究进展。详述了X射线、γ射线的防护及其织物的研究状况;简述了防辐射纤维及织物的发展趋势。指出应用纳米技术制成的具有屏蔽电磁辐射功能的纤维具有广阔的前景,频段更宽的电磁波的防护纤维及材料的研制和开发将成为发展趋势     

A new consolidation system for aged silk fabrics: Effect of reactive epoxide-ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether

A new consolidation system for fragile ancient silk fabrics by fibroin with the support of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) was developed in our group. To figure out the mechanism and the effect of EGDE in the system, aged silk fabrics treated with EGDE have been investigated in this paper. Silk fabrics were artificially aged in sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to simulate fragile ancient silk fabrics. The aged silk fabrics were treated with EGDE aqueous solution by spraying. The resultant silk fabrics were systematically investigated by tensile test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermal ageing resistance test, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR), solid-state ¹³C cross polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnet resonance (¹³C CP/MAS NMR) and amino acid analysis (AAA), etc. Results indicate that the breaking stress and strain of the treated silk fabrics increase more than four and two times, respectively. The maximum decomposition temperature of the treated silk fabrics is much higher than that of the aged silk fabrics. The treated silk fabrics exhibit a better thermal ageing resistance than the aged silk fabrics. Chemical interactions occurred between EGDE and silk fibroin molecules in silk fabrics. This work provides useful information for the protection of historic silk fabrics.     

Determining the dependence of colour values on yarn structure

The colour values of knitted cotton fabrics made from single and plied ring and compact yarns were investigated before and after dyeing. The fabric samples were knitted under the same constructional properties and then dyed with direct and reactive dyes. It was found that fabrics with ring yarns had high lightness and low chroma and colour strength values compared with fabrics with compact yarns. Also colour strength and colour difference values of dyed fabrics were assessed after increasing abrasion cycles (2500, 5000, 7500 and 10 000). The main changes in colour strength values were observed at 2500 abrasion cycles. The effect of abrasion on colour difference values of fabrics having ring yarns was more obvious than fabrics having compact yarns.     

抗静电织物的电荷面密度测试与分析

通过YG(B)403型织物摩擦带电测试仪测试各种无导电纤维织物、不锈钢纤维织物、有机导电纤维织物的电荷面密度,研究了摩擦次数和含水率对织物抗静电性能的影响。结果表明:大部分含导电纤维的织物抗静电性能优于普通织物;摩擦次数对织物的抗静电性能基本无影响;随着含水率的减少,含导电纤维的织物抗静电性能有提高趋势,普通织物抗静电性能会有所下降。     

Facile fabrication of robust superhydrophobic cotton fabrics modified by polysiloxane nanowires for oil/water separation

The removal of oil and organic pollutants from water is highly desired due to increasing industrial oil-contaminated wastewater, as well as frequent oil spill accidents. In this paper, superhydrophobic and superoleophilic fabrics were facilely fabricated for oil/water separation application via in situ growth of polysiloxane nanowires on cotton fabrics. The polysiloxane nanowires were immobilized on the cotton fabrics through a self-assembly process of alkylsilane on the microfibers of fabrics. The combination of the hierarchical structure and the low-surface-energy polysiloxane nanowires greatly contributed to the superhydrophobicity of the fabrics. Furthermore, the superhydrophobicity remained even after they were exposed to different chemicals for 72 h and strong ultraviolet irradiation and repeated abrasion, indicating excellent stability. More importantly, the as-prepared cotton fabrics were successfully used for separating various oil/water mixtures by a solely gravity-driven process with high separation efficiency and desirable durability. The cotton fabrics are commercially available, low-cost, and environmentally friendly materials, and thus such superhydrophobic and superoleophilic cotton fabrics could be very attractive for oil/water separation and oil spill cleanup when high flexibility, strength, and chemical resistance are taken into account.     

锦纶织物原位矿化染色新技术

应用Erionyl系列弱酸性染料,分别采用传统工艺和原位矿化工艺对锦纶织物进行染色加工。对比了采用不同染色工艺的耗水量、排放残液的化学需氧量(CODC)r、染品色牢度及各项物理性能指标,结果表明:与传统工艺相比,采用原位矿化工艺对锦纶织物进行染色加工,染色节水率高达80%;排放染色废水中CODCr显著降低;不同工艺的染色织物颜色深度和各项色牢度基本一致;采用原位矿化工艺染色的织物断裂强力及断裂伸长率略优于传统工艺。     

芳香族聚酰胺织物抗紫外老化的研究

合成了一种二酰亚胺化合物(N,N-二乙基间甲基苯甲酰胺),用于制备芳香族聚酰胺织物的抗紫外老化整理剂。通过改变操作条件(浓度、温度、时间),优化整理工艺,并对处理后芳纶织物的性能进行了表征。结果表明:经该整理剂处理过的芳纶织物在320～330 nm有较强的吸收峰;该织物经30 W紫外老化100 h后,强度保持率高达87%,比未经抗老化整理的对照织物样品的抗老化效能提高了一倍,表现出优异的抗紫外老化性能。     

Surface treatment of cotton fabrics with chitosan

Antibacterial activities of cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics treated with chitosan or chitosan/DMDHEU have been investigated. The washing durability properties of the aforementioned fabrics were also studied. Another group of fabric samples produced from mature and immature cotton fibres were dyed with reactive dyes and the colour yields and colour differences of the dyed fabrics assessed. The surfaces of the treated and untreated cotton fabrics were observed by scanning electron microscopy to compare the morphology.