乳腺癌根治术后局部区域性复发的放射治疗和预后影响因素

背景与目的：局部和区域复发乳腺癌患者的治疗原则和预后因素仍存在一定争议。本研究旨在探讨乳腺癌术后胸壁和区域淋巴结复发患者放射治疗的疗效和影响生存率的预后因素。方法：回顾性分析复旦大学附属肿瘤医院1990—2005年收治的255例乳腺癌根治术或改良根治术后胸壁和区域淋巴结复发患者放射治疗后的生存和复发情况，并对影响生存的预后因素进行分析。结果：随访时间为9个月～15．5年，中位随访时间为45个月。首次治疗至复发的无病间期为2—260个月，中位时间为22个月．其中激素受体阳性者的中位无病间期时间为37个月。未知与阴性者为17个月。2年、5年和8年总生存率分别为86．4％、56．5％和35．0％，中位生存时间为79个月。2年、5年和8年局部控制率分别为56．1％，36．3％和27．6％。单因素检验分析发现、无病间期、复发部位、复发灶数目、激素受体状态、复发灶近期疗效是否达到完全缓解、原发灶T分期和腋窝淋巴结转移状态对生存率的影响有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。多因素分析结果显示，无病间期、复发部位和数目及激素受体状态是独立的影响预后的因素。根据多因素分析结果建立预后指数，将全组患者划分为预后好、中等和差3个亚组，预后好组的2年、5年、8年总生存率分别为100％、91．6％、56．4％，预后中等组和预后差组分别为88．1％、59．1％、36．8％和68．0％、8．5％、0（P〈0．001）。结论：放射治疗是乳腺癌根治术后局部和区域性复发有效的治疗手段。预后指数可以合理预测预后好、预后中等和预后差的患者。     

56例乳腺癌术后胸壁复发放射治疗价值

１９８０年至１９９０年间，我院对５６例有病理证实的乳腺癌术后胸壁复发患者进行了放疗，放疗后病灶完全消失３０例，残存２０例，６例无变化或恶化。１、３、５年生存率分别为８７．５％、５８、９％、２６．８％。手术组与术后放疗组５年生存率无明显差异（２９．０％与２４．０％），作者统计，术后腋淋巴结转移数目与胸壁复发有直接关系，乳腺癌术后腋淋巴结阳性数目递增，胸壁复发率随之增高。而乳癌术后放疗有可能延迟复发时间，故绝经前妇女、雌激素受体阳性及腋下淋巴结阳性患者，不仅要进行内分泌治疗而且要进行胸壁和区域淋巴引流区放疗，对术后胸壁复发患者，应积极行放射治疗，复发灶放疗剂量以５０Ｇｙ～７０Ｇｙ为宜。     

乳腺癌术后胸壁复发的放射治疗

目的探讨放射治疗在乳腺癌根治术或改良根治术后胸壁复发患者中的合理应用及影响生存率的预后因素。方法接受放射治疗的乳腺癌术后胸壁复发患者共86例。中位随访时间为77.4个月。51例复发灶为单结节,19例为多结节,16例为弥散。67例为单纯胸壁复发,19例同时合并区域淋巴结复发。30例在放射治疗前接受手术切除。27例照射野为全胸壁,59例为局部小野。中位照射剂量为58Gy。结果①近期疗效65例(76%)病灶达到临床完全消退(CR)。单因素分析显示复发灶数目、直径和有无手术切除与临床CR率有关。②胸壁再次复发47例(55%)出现胸壁再次复发。采用小野照射发生野外复发的几率明显高于全胸壁照射(58%∶15%)。③生存率中位生存时间为6.3年,2、5和8年生存率分别为88%、62%和34%。62%的患者在随访期内出现远地转移。多因素分析发现无病间期长短和有无区域淋巴结累及是影响生存率的独立因素。结论照射野必须包括完整的胸壁以避免小野照射带来的高比例胸壁再次复发率。直径3cm以上或弥散的病灶需要综合治疗的配合以提高局部控制率。生存率预后良好的因素包括无病间期>2年,无区域淋巴结累及和复发灶表现为单结节。     

乳腺癌根治术局部复发后影响预后的相关因素分析

目的研究乳腺癌根治术局部复发后影响预后的相关因素,探讨乳腺癌根治术后局部复发的最佳治疗方案。方法回顾性分析天津肿瘤医院1975年1月至2003年1月期间收治的1067例乳腺癌根治术后复发患者,采用χ2检验或秩和检验对患者年龄、绝经情况、原发瘤临床分期、腋窝淋巴结转移情况、无病间期、复发部位、胸壁复发灶数目及其最大直径、雌激素受体(ER)或孕激素受体(PR)表达、人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER-2)表达等临床病理特征以及不同治疗方案与局部复发治疗的近期疗效和远处转移率之间的关系进行单因素分析;使用Kaplan-Meier法及COX回归模型对乳腺癌根治术复发后影响5年生存率的相关因素进行单因素与多因素分析。结果对全部1067例病例进行随访,778例(72.9%)出现远处转移,复发后5年总生存率为42.4%。复发部位、胸壁复发灶数目及其最大直径、有无放射治疗、放射治疗范围、有无化疗、有无手术切除或切除活检等因素的不同亚组间局部控制率的差异有统计学意义(P0.050);腋窝淋巴结转移情况、无病间期、ER或PR表达、HER-2表达以及再治疗中有无化疗等因素的不同亚组间远处转移率的差异有统计学意义(P0.050);无病间期、复发部位、胸壁复发灶数目、ER或PR表达、HER-2表达、治疗方法等因素的不同亚组间5年总生存率的差异有统计学意义(P0.050);无病间期≤2年、复发部位多、治疗方案单一、局部控制率低及ER、PR均阴性是导致复发性乳腺癌预后差的独立因素(P0.050)。结论多部位复发、胸壁多发结节及胸壁复发灶最大直径3cm者局部控制不佳,局部扩大野放射治疗结合化疗和(或)手术是改善局部控制率的较好模式;有腋窝淋巴结转移、2年内复发、ER、PR均阴性以及HER-2阳性表达的乳腺癌复发后容易发生远处转移,复发再治疗中化疗能减少远处转移的发生;对于复发性乳腺癌采取综合治疗方案可以提高复发患者的生存率;无病间期长,多部位复发,ER或PR阴性者提示预后不良。     

1～3个腋淋巴结阳性的T1～T2期乳腺癌改良根治术后患者预后因素分析

目的:分析和研究影响T1～T2期伴1～3个腋淋巴结阳性的乳腺癌改良根治术后患者的预后因素。方法:研究对象为2001年1月—2006年9月接受乳腺癌改良根治术的、有1～3个腋淋巴结阳性的434例T1～T2期乳腺癌患者,其中238例未行术后放疗,196例患者行术后放疗。放疗范围为胸壁+同侧锁骨上野区,总剂量为46～50Gy/23～25次。计算全组患者的3年和5年总生存率、局部控制率和无病生存率,并对影响总生存、局部控制率和无病生存率的因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果:全组患者的3年和5年总生存率分别为94.7%和85.7%,3年和5年局部控制率分别为96.5%和95.6%,3年和5年无病生存率分别为89.3%和82.3%。单因素分析显示,年龄(P=0.008)和放疗(P=0.039)是影响总生存的预后因素,放疗(P=0.041)是影响局部控制率的预后因素,年龄(P=0.000)、淋巴结阳性数(P=0.037)和放疗(P=0.047)是影响无病生存率的预后因素。多因素分析显示,年龄(P=0.011)是影响总生存的独立预后因素,阳性淋巴结数(P=0.040)和放疗(P=0.020)是影响局部控制率的独立预后因素,年龄(P=0.002)、阳性淋巴结数(P=0.013)和放疗(P=0.039)是影响无病生存率的独立预后因素。结论:术后放疗可提高1～3个腋淋巴结阳性的T1～T2期乳腺癌患者的局部控制率、总生存率和无病生存率。年龄36～50岁患者的预后最好。T1～T2期有1～3个腋淋巴结转移的乳腺癌改良根治术后患者,其阳性淋巴结数越多,预后越差。放疗范围包括胸壁和锁骨上区是可行的。     

56例乳腺癌术后胸壁复发放射治疗价值

１９８０年至１９９０年间，我院对５６例有病理证实的乳腺癌术后胸壁复发患者进行了放疗，放疗后病灶完全消失３０例，残存２０例，６例无变化或恶化。１、３、５年生存率分别在８７．５％、５８．９％、２６．８％。手术组与术后放疗组５年生存率无明显差异（２９．０％与２４．０％＿，作者统计，术后腋淋巴结转移数目与胸壁复发有直接关系，乳腺癌术后腋淋巴结阳性数目递增，胸壁复发率随之增高。而乳癌术后放疗有可能延迟复发时     

影响乳腺癌根治术后局部区域性复发后放疗的局部控制因素

目的分析影响乳腺癌根治术或改良根治术后胸壁和／或区域淋巴结复发者局部控制的因素，探讨放疗及与综合治疗配合在降低再次复发的意义。方法回顾分析255例乳腺癌根治术或改良根治术后以胸壁和／或区域淋巴结复发为首次治疗失败者，其中单纯胸壁复发109例，区域淋巴结复发114例，同时累及胸壁和区域淋巴结32例，共计累及复发部位304处。所有患者接受放疗，55例首先接受手术切除或活检，227例照射范围仅覆盖复发灶累及部位，28例对未复发部位进行预防性照射。照射42-74Gy，中位值60ey。190例接受了针对复发的全身治疗，其中171例化疗，69例内分泌治疗，41例先后接受化疗和内分泌治疗。结果随访9月至15．5年，中位值45个月。2、5、8年局部控制率分别为56．1％、36．3％、27．6％，中位局部控制时间为28个月。79处原发部位再次复发和83处其他部位后续复发，其中胸壁是再次复发频率最高部位。多因素分析证实复发灶未累及胸壁，病灶为单个或两个以上独立结节以及照射野覆盖完整的复发区域是影响原复发部位局部控制的独立预后因素，复发灶累及胸壁和内分泌治疗的运用是影响其他部位后续复发的独立预后因素。胸壁复发者采用全胸壁和局部小野照射的5年局部控制率分别为55．6％和33．6％（P=0．023）。结论放疗是乳腺癌根治术后局部和区域性复发有效的局部治疗手段，胸壁复发者需采用全胸壁照射以降低再次复发率。鉴于区域淋巴结复发者高比例的胸壁后续复发率，建议对该组患者进行胸壁预防性照射。内分泌治疗体现了降低其他部位后续复发的意义，但需更多临床前瞻性研究予以证实。     

乳腺癌术后胸壁及区域淋巴结复发的治疗

本文对我科1985年6月至1988年6月收治的52例乳腺癌术后复发病例进行了分析。全部病例均完成了放射治疗，其中39例与化疗联合。全组病例局部控制率为59．6％，1年及2年生存率分别为80．8％和51.9%，本文结果提示，单纯胸壁复发的病例，预后明显好于胸壁及区域淋巴结同时复发的病例（P＜0．05)，与化疗联合对局部控制率无影响，但能显著提高长期生存率（P＜O．01）。     

Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期乳腺癌术后局部复发的放疗及预后

目的：探讨乳腺癌术后局部区域复发的规律和再放疗的预后。方法：回顾分析45例Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期乳腺癌术后局部区域复发的情况以及复发后放疗的预后。26例采用局部野放疗，19例采用扩大野放疗。结果：T2及腋窝淋巴结转移数≥4枚或≥20％的病例占复发病例的73％。复发的部位依次为锁骨上、多部位、胸壁、腋窝、内乳。复发后2a生存率40％、无瘤生存率24．4％，2次局部区域复发率31％，术后2a以上复发的2a生存率64％，2a以下29％。首次复发累及多部位生存率18．2％，较单一锁骨上(47．4％)及胸壁(30％)低，累及锁骨上局部复发率高于胸壁，远处转移率低于胸壁，2次局部复发胸壁最高达57％，照射野采用广泛野的局部复发率低于采用局部野。结论：对Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期乳腺癌中腋窝淋巴结阳性≥4枚或≥20％的病例应常规行术后放疗，对术后局部区域复发的病例应采用包括胸壁及锁骨上下大范围照射。     

乳腺癌术后胸壁及区域淋巴结复发的治疗

本文对我科１９８５年６月至１９８８年６年收治的５２例乳腺癌术后复发病例进行了分析，全部病例均完成了放射治疗，其中３９例与化疗联合，全组病例局部控制率为５９．６％，１年及２年生存率分别为８０．８％和５１．９％，本文结果提示，单纯胸壁复发的病例，预后明显好于胸壁及区域淋巴结同时复发的病例（Ｐ〈０．０５），与化疗联合对局部控制率无影响，但能显著提高长期生存率（Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

Long-term outcome after postmastectomy radiation therapy for breast cancer patients at high risk for local-regional recurrence

PURPOSE: Postmastectomy radiation therapy is often recommended for patients at high risk for local-regional recurrence after mastectomy. However, long-term outcomes after radiation therapy are not well described. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1977 and 1992, 221 patients at high risk for local-regional recurrence of breast cancer after mastectomy were treated with radiation therapy, with or without adjuvant systemic therapy. Patients were classified as high risk because of T3 or T4 tumors (14%), positive lymph nodes (29%), close or positive margins of resection (15%), or multiple risk factors (39%); 4% did not meet current criteria for radiation therapy. The median age of patients was 51 years. Radiation therapy consisted of 45 to 50.4 Gy to the chest wall in 1.8 to 2.0 Gy fractions. The regional lymph nodes were treated in 187 patients (85%). There were 151 patients (68%) who received adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients who received chemotherapy were younger (median age, 48 years vs 64 years) and had more positive lymph nodes (median, 5 vs 1) than patients not receiving chemotherapy. Adjuvant hormonal therapy was utilized in 116 patients (53%). The median follow-up was 4.3 years. RESULTS: The actuarial 10-year local-regional failure rate was 11% (95% CI: 6.5% to 16.7%). The site of first failure was distant metastases in 75 patients (34%), local-regional recurrence in 11 patients (5%), and both sites in three patients (1%); 60% had no evidence of disease at last follow-up. Of the patients who presented with local-regional recurrence as first failure, nine patients (82%) subsequently developed metastatic disease. The median time to local-regional first failure was 1.3 years. The median time to distant metastases after local-regional first failure was 0.3 years. DISCUSSION: Postmastectomy radiation therapy is associated with an 89% rate of local-regional control in this high-risk population. Patients who experience a local-regional recurrence after radiation therapy are at a very high risk for metastatic disease. Radiation therapy after mastectomy is recommended to optimize local-regional control for high-risk breast cancer patients.     

Postmastectomy electron-beam chest-wall irradiation in women with breast cancer

PURPOSE: This retrospective study evaluates the results of postmastectomy electron-beam chest-wall irradiation in patients with breast cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 1980 to 1994, 144 women with localized breast cancer received postmastectomy radiotherapy. The chest wall was irradiated by electron beam, 6 to 12 MeV energy, depending on wall thickness, 2.0 Gy daily, 5 times/week for total dose of 50 Gy. Forty-one patients received 16-Gy boosts to the mastectomy scar. In addition, the supraclavicular and axilla areas were irradiated by anterior field with 6-MV photon beam. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 84 months. Fifteen patients (10%) had local-regional recurrence (LRR) and 57 patients (40%) had systemic relapse (SR). Median time from mastectomy to LRR was 20 months and median time to SR was 33 months. Axillary lymph nodes status influenced both LRR and SR. LRR rate was 0% in N0 and 12% in N1 disease; SR rate was 14% in N0 and 45% in N1 disease. Disease-free and overall survival was 58% and 67% in 10 years and 50% and 55% in 20 years, respectively. No cardiac toxicity was related to left chest-wall irradiation. CONCLUSION: Postmastectomy electron-beam chest-wall irradiation is as effective as photon-beam irradiation in breast cancer.     

Electron arc irradiation of the postmastectomy chest wall with CT treatment planning: 20-year experience.

PURPOSE: Since 1980, electron arc irradiation of the postmastectomy chest wall has been the preferred radiotherapy technique at the University of Utah for patients with advanced breast cancer. We report the results of this technique in 156 consecutive Stage IIA-IIIB patients treated from 1980 to 1998. METHODS: CT treatment planning was used in all patients to identify chest wall thickness and internal mammary lymph node depth. Computerized dosimetry was used to deliver total doses of 50 Gy in 5-1/2 weeks to the chest wall and the internal mammary lymph nodes with electron arc therapy. Patients were assessed for local, regional, and distant control of disease and for survival. Univariate and multivariate proportional hazards were modeled using a hierarchical nonproportional semiparametric model testing the following prognostic factors: age, stage, tumor size, number of positive lymph nodes, estrogen receptor status, and dose. End points evaluated included disease-free survival, cause-specific survival, and overall survival. RESULTS: Eighty-one percent of patients were at high risk for local-regional failure because of > T2 primary tumor or > 3 positive axillary lymph nodes. The median number of positive lymph nodes was 5, and the median tumor size was 3.5 cm. Actuarial 10-year local-regional control and overall survival were 95% and 52%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the only factor prognostic for disease-free survival, cause-specific survival, and overall survival was the number of positive lymph nodes (p < 0.001). The 10-year rates of local-regional control for patients with 0, 1-3, 4-9, and > or = 10 involved lymph nodes were 100%, 98%, 93%, and 89%, respectively. The only rates of acute and chronic radiotherapy toxicity > or = 2 by RTOG/EORTC criteria were skin related and observed in 44% and 10% for acute and late reactions, respectively. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate excellent local-regional control rates with electron arc therapy of the postmastectomy chest wall in patients with advanced breast cancer. Our 20-year experience with electron arc radiotherapy has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of this technique. The advantage of this technique is that the internal mammary lymph node chain can be easily encompassed while the dose to heart and lung is minimized; it also obviates match lines in areas of high risk.     

Low risk of locoregional recurrence of primary breast carcinoma after treatment with a modification of the Halsted radical mastectomy and selective use of radiotherapy

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the locoregional recurrence rate after treatment of patients with operable breast carcinoma with a modification of the Halsted radical mastectomy and the selective use of radiotherapy and to identify risk factors for locoregional recurrence. METHODS: Between 1979-1987, 691 consecutive patients underwent mastectomy after a negative biopsy of the axillary apical lymph nodes. The median age of the patients was 59 years (range, 26-89 years). The clinical tumor size was < 2 cm in 72 patients, 2-5 cm in 387 patients, and >5 cm in 169 patients; 16 patients had a T4 tumor. Surgery was comprised of a modification of the Halsted radical mastectomy, including at least part of the pectoralis major muscle and the entire pectoralis minor muscle, in 573 patients; 303 patients had positive axillary lymph nodes. Adjuvant radiotherapy to the chest wall and regional lymph nodes was given to 74 patients, whereas an additional 414 patients underwent irradiation to the internal mammary and medial supraclavicular lymph nodes. The median follow-up was 91 months. RESULTS: The actuarial overall survival rate was 82% at 5 years and 63% at 10 years. The 10-year chest wall and regional lymph node control rates, including patients with prior distant failures, were 95% and 94%, respectively. The only two significant prognostic factors for locoregional recurrence on multivariate analysis were lymph node status and pathologic tumor size. CONCLUSIONS: Excellent locoregional control can be achieved with a modified technique of radical mastectomy in patients with negative apical biopsy and the selective use of comprehensive radiotherapy. These results may serve as a reference outcome for comparison with other locoregional treatment strategies.     

Long-term follow-up of axillary node-positive breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen alone: patterns of recurrence

Purpose: To determine the patterns, incidence and risk factors for local-regional recurrence in patients with Stage II and III breast cancer treated with adjuvant tamoxifen alone, without adjuvant radiation.Material and Methods: The records of patients referred to the London Regional Cancer Centre with a diagnosis of breast cancer between 1980–1989 were reviewed. During this time period, it was the policy of the institution to omit local-regional radiation to patients receiving adjuvant systemic therapy. One hundred and fifty axillary node-positive Stage II and III breast cancer patients received adjuvant tamoxifen alone without postoperative local-regional radiation; these patients form the basis of this report.Results: Median follow-up was 67 months for the entire patient group and 85 months for the living patients. During this time, 42% of patients developed a recurrence, 22% first recurred in local-regional sites. The total incidence of local-regional recurrence (including those patients who first relapsed with systemic metastases) was 30%. Of the segmental mastectomy patients, 13% had recurrences in the intact breast. Of the modified radical mastectomy patients, 10% developed chest wall recurrences. Five percent of recurrences were first in the axilla and 6% in the supraclavicular nodes. Five-year actuarial survival for the entire patient group was 79% and disease-free survival was 60%, with a median disease-free survival time of 87 months. Five-year local-regional relapse-free survival was 76%. Five-year local-regional relapse-free survival was < 76% for those patients with 4 or more positive axillary nodes, regardless of tumor size. On univariable analysis, positive resection margins, number of positive axillary nodes, menopausal status, and negative estrogen and progesterone receptors were significant for isolated local-regional recurrence. On multivariable analysis, only positive resection margins and negative receptors remained significant. In terms of regional recurrence specifically, negative estrogen and progesterone-receptor status and positive resection margins were, again, prognostically significant.Conclusions: Postmenopausal women receiving adjuvant tamoxifen who have positive resection margins, ≥ 4 positive axillary nodes and/or negative estrogen and progesterone receptors, are at higher risk of local and regional recurrence and should, therefore, receive local-regional radiation.     

不能切除和复发的局部进展期胃癌放疗疗效分析

目的 回顾分析不能切除和复发的局部进展期胃癌行腹部放疗的疗效及影响因素。方法 回顾分析2009—2015年我院收治的57例患者,其中不能切除36例(包括局部晚期19例、术后肉眼残留17例),术后复发21例。接受3DCRT 17例、IMRT 40例,照射中位剂量50 Gy (42~60 Gy)。81%患者放疗同期口服氟尿嘧啶类药物化疗。结果 全组患者放疗后中位随访时间为16个月(3.9~77.5个月),放疗后缓解率65%。局部晚期、术后肉眼残留(R₂术后) 、术后复发组放疗后中位生存时间分别为13.9、13.9、19.0个月。全组放疗后2年的预期OS、PFS、LRRFS分别为50%、37%、50%。多因素分析显示病变分组是预后影响因素,而第3站淋巴结受侵并不是不良预后因素。结论 对不能切除及术后复发的局部进展期胃癌进行中等剂量放疗并结合化疗能取得较好的LC并改善患者生存,而术后复发和第3站淋巴结受侵病例均应被视为挽救性放化疗的良好适应征。     

Radiotherapy for the prevention of local-regional recurrence in high risk patients post mastectomy receiving adjuvant chemotherapy

From 1977 to 1986, 63 patients at high risk for isolated local-regional recurrence following mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy received post-operative radiotherapy. All patients had operable primary tumors (T_1–3a.). For entire group the mean and median number of positive nodes were 10 and 8, respectively. Radiotherapy consisted of 4500 to 5000 rad to the chest wall and regional nodes. Chemotherapy consisted of CMF ± prednisone (45 patients), CAF (16 patients), and other variable regimens (2 patients). Relapse occurred in 23 patients with only two patients experiencing an isolated local-regional recurrence. In 3 patients local-regional recurrence appeared simultaneously with or following distant metastases and in 18 patients the pattern of failure was distant metastases alone. With a median follow-up of 28 months (range 9–87 mo.), 40 patients are alive without disease, 9 are alive with disease, and 14 have died with disease. The 4-year actuarial overall survival is 67% and the 4year actuarial disease-free survival is 47%. The 4-year actuarial probability of an isolated local-regional recurrence is 5%. Complications related to the radiation included a 9% incidence of moderate to severe arm edema. This study demonstrates the ability of radiation to reduce the incidence of local-regional recurrence in a previously identified high risk group of patients and has produced encouraging survival results with minimal morbidity.     

Isolated local-regional recurrence following mastectomy for adenocarcinoma of the breast treated with radiation therapy alone or combined with surgery and/or chemotherapy

The results of radiation therapy alone or combined with surgery and/or chemotherapy are reported for 47 patients who presented with local and/or regional recurrence without evidence of distant metastases following initial management of adenocarcinoma of the breast with radical or modified radical mastectomy (43) or simple mastectomy (4). Patients were treated between October 1964 and March 1983 at the University of Florida; all have a 2-year minimum follow-up and 42/47 (89%) have had follow-up for greater than or equal to 5 years. The overall actuarial local-regional control rates were 80% at 2 years, 68% at 5 years, and 61% at 10 years. The 5-year actuarial local-regional control rates by site and extent of disease were as follows: single chest wall nodule, 92%; multiple chest wall nodules, 49%; regional lymph nodes, 66%; and multiple sites, 64%. The 5- and 10-year actuarial determinate disease-free survival rates for all patients were 41 and 17%, respectively. The 5- and 10-year actuarial survival rates for all patients were 50 and 34%, respectively.