化学结构对二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸镧摩擦学性能的影响

为研究新型油溶性稀土极压抗磨添加剂二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸镧(LaDTCs)的结构与性能关系,合成了9种含不同碳原子数的伯、仲烷基LaDTCs.利用四球试验机考察了其在500SN基础油中的摩擦磨损性能和极压性能,并探讨了烷基碳链的长短和伯、仲烷基结构对LaDTCs性能的影响.结果表明,含2～8碳烷基的LaDTCs均具有较好的抗磨减摩性能和极压性能.随着碳原子数的增加,LaDTCs的摩擦学性能明显提高,其中伯烷基LaDTCs的抗磨减摩性能优于仲烷基LaDTCs;含仲烷基的LaDTCs极压性能优于含伯烷基的LaDTCs.     

含S,Mo有化合物的减摩抗磨性能的研究

用四球机试验和Ｆａｌｅｘ试验评价了所合成的Ｓ，Ｍｏ有机化合物的减摩抗磨性能，结果表明：当添加０．３％￣２．０％该化合物到４６号汽轮机油中，可使基础油的磨痕直径大大降低。Ｆａｌｅｘ试验表明：该有机钼化合物有优良的减摩效果。本文还讨论了负荷，温度对该化合物极压抗磨性能的影响。结果表明：在高负荷下该化合物的抗磨效果比在低负荷下更为显著，在高温下，含该化合物的油样的临界负荷比基础油的临界负荷大为提高。     

极压抗磨剂对复合锂钙基润滑脂性能及结构的影响

通过复合锂钙基润滑脂在加入极压抗磨添加剂前后的性能及结构变化,研究了极压抗磨剂对润滑脂的影响。结果表明:在标准实验条件下,极压抗磨剂磷酸三甲酚酯(T306)、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(T202)、二丁基二硫代氨基甲酸钼(T351)、硫化异丁烯(T321)、硼酸钠(T361)等组合可大幅提高润滑脂的极压抗磨性能,对结构及其它性能无明显影响;在加水10%剪切10万次条件下,含上述极压抗磨剂组合的润滑脂的结构及性能变化比较明显,其复合结构被破坏,滴点大幅下降,含T361的脂极压性下降最多;经过高温后(180℃,24 h)含上述极压抗磨剂组合的润滑脂,能保持或提高原有的极压抗磨性,润滑脂的复合结构没有明显改变,润滑脂的稠化剂纤维结构破坏较大,一般会造成润滑脂的硬化。     

影响硫磷钼化合物极压抗磨性能的因素

研究了化学结构、使用浓度，工况条件（包括负荷、油温等）对硫磷钼极压抗磨剂的减摩抗磨性能的影响，结果表明：钼的化合价高，烃基小的化合物极压抗磨性能更好，硫磷钼化合物在较高负荷下，减磨效果更明显。温度升高相当于降低了硫磷钼化合物的有效浓度，故极压性能下降。     

烃基硫代磷酸盐金属化合物的合成及性能测定

以研制的水溶性二烷基二硫化磷酸盐为基础,合成了未见报导的二烃基二硫化磷酸盐金属化合物Zn-DTP、Cn-DTP、Mo-DTP、Sb-DTP四种极压抗磨剂,并研究了它们的极压抗磨性能。     

我国热作模具钢性能数据集（续Ⅳ）

(4 )　 3Ｃｒ2ＭｏＷＶＮｉ钢3Ｃｒ2ＭｏＷＶＮｉ钢降低碳的含量 ,增加了钨和钒的含量 ,设想在提高钢的韧性同时 ,又能提高钢的热稳定性和耐磨性 ,也有助于减弱第二类回火脆性的敏感性。实测 3Ｃｒ2ＭｏＷＶＮｉ钢 60 0℃以上的高温性能除伸长率较低、80 0 90 0℃的变形抗力比 5ＣｒＮｉＭｏ钢高 ,热稳定性与 5ＣｒＭｎＭｏＳｉＶ钢相当外 ,其它高温性能 (强度、硬度、冲击韧性、抗氧化性、抗热疲劳性、耐热磨损性 )均优于 5ＣｒＮｉＭｏ钢、4 5Ｃｒ2ＮｉＭｏＶＳｉ钢和5ＣｒＭｎＭｏＳｉＶ钢。该钢有二次硬化效应和较高的热稳定性 ,因此使…     

T322极压抗磨剂对滑动摩擦副胶合性能的影响

Ｔ32 2添加剂属含硫系列极压抗磨剂。试验表明其具有良好的极压性和抗磨损、抗擦伤和抗氧化能力 ,与其它添加剂复合 ,可作双曲线齿轮油和其它金属加工用油 ,但油溶性较差 ,添加量不宜超过 2 .8%。　　一、试验条件、过程及结果1 .试验设备　磨损试验 :ＭＱ - 80 0型四球机 ;抗咬死性能试验 :ＭＨＫ - 5 0 0Ａ型环块式磨损试验机。2 .试验材料　试验用钢球直径1 2 .7ｍｍ ,二级5 2 1 0 0钢球 ,表面硬度ＨＲＣ5 9～ 6 1 ,试环为ＧＣｒ1 5钢 ,表面硬度ＨＲＣ6 0 ,试块为 45淬火钢 ,表面硬度ＨＲＣ43,表面粗糙度为Ｒａ0 .33μｍ。含Ｔ32 2极压…     

含氮硼酸酯添加剂性能研究

合成了四种含氮硼酸酯,对其摩擦学性能和抗腐蚀性能进行了研究,结果表明,B-N添加剂具有优良的抗磨减摩性能和良好的极压性能,同时具有优异的抗腐蚀性能。XPS表面分析表明,B-N添加剂在磨痕表面形成了一层含B2O3、BN、O-Fe-B,氧化铁和有机化合物的复杂保护膜。     

化学镀Ni—P合金与油溶性有机钼复合摩擦学性能

摩擦磨损试验表明,化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层（基体为调质４５钢）与油溶性有机钼添加剂（ＭｏＤＴＣ）有良好的协同效应,如Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层（热处理,油中加ＭｏＤＴＣ）比４５钢基础油润滑下,摩擦系数降低４１．５％,耐磨性提高７倍,采用电子探针等研究了其摩擦磨损机理,结果表明,上述协同效应取决于摩擦表面所形成的ＭｏＳ２保护膜,Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金镀层的高硬度及其特殊的组织结构。     

含S、Mo有机化合物的减摩抗磨性能的研究

用四球机试验和Falex试验评价了所合成的含S、Mo有机化合物的减摩抗磨性能,结果表明:当添加0.3%~2.0%该化合物到46号汽轮机油中,可使基础油的磨痕直径大大降低.Falex试验表明:该有机钼化合物有优良的减摩效果.本文还讨论了负荷,温度对该化合物极压抗磨性能的影响.结果表明:在高负荷下该化合物的抗磨效果比在低负荷下更为显著;在高温下,含该化合物的油样的临界负荷比基础油的临界负荷大为提高.     

The Effect of Chemical Structure on the Load-Carrying and Adsorption Properties of Dialkyl Phosphites

The load-carrying properties of a range of dialkyl phosphites have been examined under antiwear (AW) and antiscuff conditions using the four-ball machine. Adsorption/reaction of these compounds with iron surfaces has also been carried out. The results showed that both the load-carrying and adsorption/reaction properties of these dialkyl phosphites are markedly affected by the chain length and structure of the alkyl group. A mechanism of action of dialkyl phosphites is proposed which not only provides an explanation for both sets of observations but also highlights the difference in load-carrying action of dialkyl phosphites compared to the corresponding phosphates.     

弹性模量对水润滑轴承的性能影响

从材料的角度,研究弹性模量对水润滑塑料合金轴承的性能影响,包括轴承承载能力、水膜形状曲线、压力曲线和最小水膜厚度等。研究表明:在选择水润滑轴承材料时应根据其承载能力来确定轴承材料的弹性模量范围;在承载能力范围内,从弹性模量这个角度来说,应当尽可能选择弹性模量低并具有良好摩擦磨损性能的材料,因为选择较小弹性模量的材料有利于提高最小水膜厚度,从而改善水润滑轴承摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能。     

Changes in the mechanical properties of oil used in a gasoline engine

This study is concerned with the changes in and deterioration of the mechanical properties of oil used in a gasoline engine. The properties analysed were friction and antiwear performance, wear debris, load-carrying ability and the formation of surface films. It was found that the oil run in an engine deteriorated so as to increase the wear and friction and decrease the load-carrying ability as the running distance of oil was increased. The main cause of deterioration was related to the ability to form a protective film in the contact zone. When the film was produced by additives (sulphur), this could properly protect the surface in the contact zone undepleted from wear and friction. But as the oil deteriorated, it could not form such a film and so its protective ability on sliding surfaces diminished.     

Tribological Behavior of 1-Methyl-3-Hexadecylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquid Crystal as a Neat Lubricant and as an Additive of Liquid Paraffin

Ionic liquid crystal (ILC), 1-methyl-3-hexadecylimidazolium tetrafluroborate, was synthesized. The tribological behavior of ILC was evaluated using a four-ball machine at 80 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis shows that ILC takes part in tribochemical reactions to generate tribochemical products such as B₂O₃, FeF₂, and/or FeF₃, and amine which form a protective film on sliding steel surface, resulting in reduced friction and wear. Besides, ILC 1-methyl-3-hexadecylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate is completely transformed from solid state to liquid crystalline phase at 80 °C, which facilitates the ordered arrangement of its long alkyl chain on sliding steel surface and helps to improve the tribological properties. When the ILC is used as an additive of liquid paraffin (LP), it contributes to reduce friction and wear and increase the load-carrying capacity of the base stock both at room temperature and 80 °C. The reason might lie in that a small amount of F from ILC takes part in tribochemical reactions to generate tribochemical products that form a protective film on sliding steel surface, and friction-induced heat accelerates the transition of as-synthesized ILC to a mesophase and the ordered arrangement of its long alkyl chain on sliding steel surface, both resulting in improved load-carrying capacity and anti-wear ability of the ILC.     

含硫极压抗磨添加剂在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能研究

利用四球磨损试验机考察了以硫化异丁烯和硫化棉籽油作为菜籽油极压抗磨添加剂时的摩擦学性能,通过测定2种添加剂在不同含量下的最大无卡咬负荷(pB)和不同条件下的磨斑直径(WSD),分析和研究了载荷、摩擦时间、添加剂含量对菜籽油摩擦学性能的影响。试验结果表明:硫化异丁烯可以明显提高菜籽油的承载能力和抗磨性能,硫化棉籽油对提高菜籽油的承载能力和抗磨性能效果不明显,硫化异丁烯在菜籽油中的承载能力和抗磨性能明显优于硫化棉籽油。试验还表明添加剂的含量并非越高越好,否则WSD值将增大。     

Influence of the alkyl group of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate on the frictional characteristics of molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate under sliding conditions

The frictional characteristics of oils containing molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate (MoDTC) together with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP) were studied with a reciprocating roller-on-disk tester. At a Zn concentration of 1000 ppm there was an optimum Mo concentration for friction reduction depending upon the alkyl group of ZnDTP. The friction was affected significantly by ZnDTP type at low Mo/Zn ratios while the extent of the effect of ZnDTP type on friction became small at high Mo/Zn ratios. For a combination of MoDTC and ZnDTP with primary C8 alkyl group, the preferential formation of a film containing products derived from ZnDTP was delayed appreciably due to competitive adsorption of MoDTC onto the rubbing surface. However, this contributed to a more effective friction reduction because the ratio of products from ZnDTP producing a high friction in the outermost surface film became lower during the initial period of the run.     

A study of the frictional behavior of sulfur-phosphorus type industrial gear oils using the Timken test

The load-carrying and wear-reducing properties of sulfur-phosphorus (SP) type industrial gear oils were examined using the Timken tester. Coefficient of friction measurements and topographical observations were carried out. The coefficient of friction was affected by the types of additive. The “OK” load of SP type oils depended on their ability to reduce the running-in period and to reduce wear. The addition of polar compounds, such as oleic acid and benzotriazole, affected the OK load and the frictional characteristics of SP type oils.     

Tribological properties of linear phosphazene oligomers as lubricants

The friction and wear behavior of a steel-on-steel contact lubricated by two novel synthetic linear phosphazene oligomers with different side branches and by perfluoropolyethers (PFPE) was comparatively investigated on an oscillating friction and wear tester. The thermal stability of the lubricants was investigated by means of thermogravimetric analysis. The worn surfaces were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the two synthetic linear phosphazene oligomers were more effective than PFPE in increasing the wear-resistance of the steel-on-steel frictional pair. The phosphazene oligomer having aromatic rings had better friction-reducing ability and higher thermal stability, and that having fluoropolyether gave higher load-carrying capacity. Tribochemical reaction was involved in the sliding of steel against steel under the lubrication of the lubricants, with the generation of a protective layer composed of inorganic fluoride FeF₂ and organic compounds consisting of C, F, O, N and P. The protective layer originated from the tribochemical reaction together with the adsorbed boundary lubricating layer containing organic compounds played an important role in improving the friction and wear behavior of the steel-on-steel system.     

N-酰基苯丙氨酸的合成及其在水基中润滑和防锈性能研究

将脂肪酸酰氯和苯丙氨酸在碱性溶液中反应得到的N-酰基苯丙氨酸，用红外光谱对其结构进行表征；用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了N-酰基苯丙氨酸以三乙醇胺为助溶剂时在水溶液中的摩擦磨损性能，并用俄歇电子能谱研究了磨斑表面边界膜的化学组成和元素分布。结果表明：N-酰基苯丙氨酸的水溶液表现出很好的抗磨和减摩特性，这可能是N-酰基苯丙氨酸三乙醇胺盐中的极性基团吸附在钢球的表面，长碳链疏水性的烃基在金属表面形成较厚的保护膜，在较高载荷运行下，发生化学反应形成高强度的摩擦化学反应膜；N-酰基苯丙氨酸三乙醇胺盐还有较好的防锈性。经细菌试验表明其具有较好的抗菌能力。     

A comparative study of the thermal behaviour of profile bore bearings

This paper describes principally a theoretical analysis of the thermal behaviour of offset half, orthogonally displaced, three-lobe and four-lobe bearing geometries. The thermal analysis illustrates the implication of type selection with regard to the parameters of load-carrying ability, power loss, lubricant requirements and operating temperatures. The comparisons show that for all profiles considered, they have inferior load-carrying ability when compared with the cylindrical geometry along with significantly larger lubricant supply requirements. Thermal effects in profile bore bearings are less extreme than those encountered in the cylindrical profile.