人参皂甙Rd对培养光老化真皮成纤维细胞影响的实验研究

目的：探讨人参皂甙Rd对培养人类成纤维细胞基质金属蛋白酶（matrix metallo preteinases;MMPs）的MMP-1和MMP-3表达的调节作用及机制,为人参在临床皮肤光老化的预防和治疗以及皮肤美容方面的应用提供实验和理论基础。方法：将体外培养的人体皮肤成纤维细胞通过一定剂量的紫外线（ultraviolet radiation;UV）照射和8-甲氧补骨脂素（8-MOP）处理制造光老化模型。用不同浓度的人参皂甙Rd（G insenoside Rd）,与芳维甲酸乙酯（arotinoid ethyl ester）分别处理不同的试验组,最后免疫组织化学实验显示试验各组的MMP-1、MMP-3。结果：阳性对照组MMP-1和MMP-3表达明显增强,人参皂甙Rd实验组各组与阳性对照组比较,差异有统计学意义,表达明显减弱（P〈0.05）。结论：人参的有效成分提纯品人参皂甙Rd及芳维甲酸乙脂对体外培养成纤维细胞内的MMP-1、MMP-3的表达有抑制作用,其作用相似,说明人参皂甙Rd可以达到与芳维甲酸乙酯相同治疗和预防皮肤光老化的作用。     

Contact dermatitis caused by diphenhydramine hydrochloride

Three cases of contact dermatitis caused by an ethanolamine antihistamine, diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl), are described. Patients who develop contact dermatitis from it should avoid its oral or parenteral administration because they may develop a localized or generalized flare of dermatitis. Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), clemastine fumarate (Tavist), carbinoxamine maleate (Clistin-D), and doxylamine succinate (Decapryn) are also ethanolamine antihistamines. Since they may cross-react with diphenhydramine hydrochloride, they should be avoided in sensitive patients.     

Congenital subungual nevus

A 4-month-old infant with a congenital, darkly pigmented, macular lesion involving the subungual and periungual areas of the right ring finger is described. The lesion was excised when the infant was 6 months old in order to rule out a congenital pigmented nevus as well as a congenital acrolentiginous melanoma. Histopathologic examination revealed a compound nevus. Nevi in this location are very rare in Caucasians at any age and should probably be excised to rule out malignant melanoma.     

Dermatologic therapy: December, 1981, through November, 1982

In this paper I have reviewed the literature on dermatologic therapy from December, 1981, through November, 1982. This information was presented to a forum at the 41st Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology in New Orleans in December, 1982. Readers should review the original article in toto before attempting any new, experimental, or controversial therapy summarized.     

Treatment of skin cancer using multiple modalities

Physicians concerned with modern treatment of skin cancer should be knowledgeable about the indications and contraindications of the five major modalities available for the treatment of skin cancer: electrosurgery, excision and suture closure surgery, radiation therapy, cryosurgery, and Mohs' chemosurgery. Flexibility in the application of these modalities is important if physicians are to offer patients the best method for the treatment of each skin cancer. Selection of the proper treatment method must take into consideration factors of cell type, size and depth, specific anatomic location, duration, primary or recurrent, single or multiple, degree of sun damage to surrounding skin, and age and general health of the patient. This review seeks to define the relative advantages and disadvantages, as well as indications and contraindications, of these five major modalities. This review also seeks to present relative guidelines for choosing treatment methods, including discussions of the previously mentioned factors.     

Sensitivity to alpha-amylcinnamic aldehyde and alpha-amylcinnamic alcohol

Sensitivity to alpha-amylcinnamic aldehyde (alpha-AcAld) is apparently uncommon, but, like allergy to alpha-amylcinnamic alcohol (alpha-AcAlc), it often accompanies allergy to the perfume in Mycolog cream. Although alpha-AcAlc is a known ingredient, alpha-AcAld is not. However, gas-liquid chromatographic analysis shows alpha-AcAld to be present. Of fourteen persons sensitive to either chemical, ten reacted to both. Of these, one man and three women were markedly sensitive, and all three women had chronic recalcitrant vulvar eczema. That condition might have been the cause as well as the result of sensitization, but reexposure to a suspected product reproduced the eruption in both persons tested. Its use with other potent sensitizers, e.g., ethylenediamine, to treat irritations and chronic eczemas in an area of high absorption may partly explain development of allergy to a relatively weak sensitizer.     

Papillary adenoma of the nipple: analysis of fifteen new cases

Fifteen cases of papillary adenoma (florid papillomatosis, erosive adenomatosis) of the nipple were compared with forty examples of syringadenoma papilliferum, twenty-four of hidradenoma papilliferum, and one hundred of breast carcinoma metastatic to skin. Clinically, papillary adenoma of the nipple typically occurred in a female patient as an erosion, ulceration, or mass that was sometimes accompanied by serous or bloody discharge from the nipple and was frequently misdiagnosed as Paget's disease. Histologically, there was usually a papillary and adenomatous growth in the corium that connected with the surface and showed a lining of apocrine type secretory epithelium, a sometimes plasmacytic stroma, and horn cysts in the upper corium. Papillary adenoma of the nipple is often histologically misinterpreted as syringadenoma papilliferum, hidradenoma papilliferum, or low-grade adenocarcinoma, but it has received almost no attention in the dermatology literature.