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《橡塑技术与装备》2017,(3)
本研究应用微生物对废胶粉表面进行脱硫,使胶粉中的硫交联键断裂,提高胶粉表面化学活性点,从而强化胶粉与沥青的联结效果,提高胶粉在热融沥青中的稳定性,改善胶粉改性沥青的路用性能。应用自行配制的缺硫培养基,在特定条件下,能够加速氧化亚铁硫杆菌对胶粉表面脱硫,微生物活性较高,脱硫效果明显;氧化亚铁硫杆菌对废旧轮胎橡胶粉含硫量有着很好的改性效果,氧化铁硫杆菌在废轮胎胶粉中生长20天后,废胶粉中的含硫量减少7%~8%;从橡胶粉表面形态对比中,可以看出微生物对橡胶粉的表面形貌有较大的改变。综上可以说明微生物对废旧轮胎橡胶粉的表面脱硫是可行的,且具有较好的效果。未脱硫胶粉改性沥青的软化点随胶粉用量增加而增加,而脱硫胶粉对沥青改性使沥青的软化点保持相对稳定。脱硫针入度增加,储存稳定性变好。 相似文献
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以2,2′-二苯甲酰氨基二苯基二硫化物(DBADPDS)作为再生剂在密炼机中对废乳胶(WLR)进行脱硫再生,研究环烷油、再生剂用量和脱硫温度对脱硫效果的影响,并探讨脱硫机理。结果表明:随着环烷油用量的增大,再生胶的交联密度减小,脱硫效果增强;添加再生剂DBADPDS可以增强脱硫效果,但再生剂DBADPDS用量过大时,其含有的硫在高温下能参与WLR分子链间的交联反应,导致再生胶的交联密度增大;脱硫温度高于140℃,橡胶很容易发生裂解,脱硫过程中温度控制在120℃左右比较适宜。 相似文献
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采用氮气和氦气作为处理气氛,对聚羟基丁酸羟基戊酸共聚酯(PHBV)/聚己内酯(PCL)静电纺纤维膜进行等离子体表面改性处理,以改善纤维膜的亲水性。通过接触角测试表征其亲水性,探讨了等离子体处理工艺对亲水性的影响;用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)仪测定纤维膜的表面基团含量,对比氮气和氦气的处理效果;用扫描电镜测试纤维膜表面的微观形态变化。结果表明:PHBV/PCL纤维膜在氮气和氦气气氛下,经等离子体处理对纤维膜的亲水性改善效果显著,氮气的处理效果优于氦气;随着处理功率或处理时间的增加,纤维膜的亲水性呈现先增强后减弱的趋势;在氮气气氛,处理功率30 W,时间2 min条件下,等离子体处理对纤维膜的表面有一定的刻蚀作用,且随着处理功率的增加而趋于明显,但纤维膜的质量损失不显著。 相似文献
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《现代化工》2016,(5)
为了进一步提高乙基纤维素(EC)膜的脱硫性能,利用光引发交联反应将丙烯酸酯单体和EC聚合物合成交联EC膜,用红外光谱仪、扫描电镜对该膜的膜结构进行了表征。采用模拟汽油评价了EC膜的脱硫性能,研究了EC质量分数、交联剂质量分数、成膜温度、脱硫温度对EC膜渗透汽化性能的影响。结果表明,随着EC质量分数和交联剂质量分数的增加,硫富集因子和通量均先增大后减小,存在极大值;随着成膜温度和脱硫温度的升高,硫富集因子逐渐降低,通量一直增加。综合考虑两者对汽油脱硫的贡献,选取EC质量分数为18%,交联剂质量分数为21%~22%,成膜温度为50℃,脱硫温度为80℃为最佳脱硫条件。 相似文献
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水解对乙烯—乙酸乙烯共聚物乳液复合的影响:Ⅰ.EVA/BA复合体系 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)乳液在NaOH作用下进行表面水解处理后,加入丙烯酸丁酯(BA),在过硫酸铵引发下进行复合反应,通过对复合乳胶粒的形态表征及胶膜的凝胶质量分数的测定、热分析及动态粘度弹性表征,表明随EVA乳胶粒的表面水解程度的增大,BA在胶粒表面的接枝率增大,体系的交联程度也增大,两相体系的相容性得到改善。 相似文献
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利用三种微生物鞘氨醇单胞菌、脂环酸芽孢杆菌和酵母菌对废乳胶(WLR)进行了脱硫再生,考察了脱硫过程中微生物的生长情况以及脱硫前后WLR溶胀和交联密度的变化,并将WLR和脱硫WLR(DWLR)以不同份数填充到天然橡胶(NR)中,对比了DWLR/NR硫化胶和WLR/NR硫化胶的力学性能和交联密度。结果表明,利用鞘氨醇单胞菌脱硫的WLR溶胀值较高,交联密度较低。随着乳胶用量的增加,填充NR硫化胶的拉伸强度和交联密度逐渐降低,扯断生长率逐渐增加。DWLR/NR硫化胶的力学性能明显优于WLR/NR硫化胶,且鞘氨醇单胞菌脱硫的DWLR/NR的力学性能明显优于其它两种微生物脱硫的DWLR/NR硫化胶。 相似文献
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The common method for microbial desulfurization is the submerged cultivation method. However, its cost is high because of the high consumption of the medium. To cut costs and improve the desulfurization effect, the new half‐submerged cultivation method was used in the microbial desulfurization of waste latex rubber (WLR) by Sphingomonas species With this method, much more WLR was added per unit volume of the culture medium to be desulfurized, and the desulfurization process was done without stirring. The technical conditions, such as the addition of WLR, the addition of polysorbate 80 (Tween 80), and the desulfurization time, for the half‐submerged cultivation method were studied, and its desulfurization effect was compared with that of the traditional submerged cultivation method. The results show that the optimum conditions for the half‐submerged cultivation method were the addition of 40% w/v WLR in the medium without Tween 80 and desulfurization for 10 days. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results demonstrate that the decreases in the content of sulfur, S? C bonds, and S? S bonds on the surface of WLR after desulfurization by the half‐submerged cultivation method were greater than those after desulfurization by the submerged cultivation method. The composite of waste latex rubber desulfurized by the submerged cultivation method (SDWLR) and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) had better mechanical properties than the composite of waste latex rubber desulfurized by the half‐submerged cultivation method (HDWLR) and SBR. Scanning electron microscopy photographs showed that the combinations of HDWLR and the matrix were better than those of SDWLR and the matrix. Compared with the submerged cultivation method, the half‐submerged cultivation method not only reduced the cost of desulfurization but also improved the desulfurization effect. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 41039. 相似文献
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《国际聚合物材料杂志》2012,61(13):685-691
Plasma treatment is often used to alter cell interaction with polymer surfaces used in biomedical application. The influence of surface hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity on human mammary epithelial cell (HMEC) proliferation and adhesion of protein albumin to plasma treated polystyrene (PS) was studied. The PS surface was made hydrophilic or hydrophobic by treatment either in O2 or CF4 plasma. The rate of protein adhesion was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) after incubation of PS in albumin solution for different periods, while cell viability and morphology was studied by MTT assay and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XPS measurements have shown that the quantity of adsorbed protein was higher for both plasma treated samples than for the untreated one. No significant difference regarding protein adhesion on hydrophilic or hydrophobic plasma treated surface was found by XPS. Contrary, the results for cell proliferation showed much better proliferation on hydrophilic surface. 相似文献
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引 言柴油脱硫技术分为加氢脱硫和非加氢脱硫两大类[1]. 传统的加氢工艺能够满足柴油的低硫要求,但存在装置投资大、操作条件苛刻 (温度>300 ℃,压力>4 0 MPa, 需要氢源) 和操作费用高等技术经济问题. 非加氢脱硫技术在常温或低温、常压和无须氢源条件下操作已受到国内外广泛的重视, 得到很大的发展. 非加氢脱硫技术主要有吸附法[1,2]、萃取法[3,4]、络合法[5]、生物脱硫法[6]、H2O2 氧化法[7,8] 和催化氧化法[9], 其中 H2O2 氧化法已成为国内外的研究热点, 如美国 Petro star公司、日本 PEC、中国石油大学、洛阳石化工程公司等均在大… 相似文献
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研究了45、105、165、500 ℃热处理脱硫石膏对超硫酸盐水泥性能的影响。对所制备的超硫酸盐水泥的基本物理性能做了表征。结果表明:掺入45、500 ℃热处理后脱硫石膏的超硫酸盐水泥凝结时间较长,而105、165 ℃热处理后的脱硫石膏使得水泥的标稠需水量升高,凝结时间缩短,同一水胶比下新拌胶砂的和易性显著降低;掺入500 ℃热处理脱硫石膏的水泥较45、105、165 ℃热处理石膏水泥的力学性能优异。微观分析发现,掺入不同温度热处理后脱硫石膏的超硫酸盐水泥主要水化产物为水化硅酸钙、钙矾石、石膏,其中500 ℃热处理脱硫石膏的超硫酸盐水泥在水化后期生成了大量钙矾石,而45、105、165 ℃热处理后脱硫石膏的超硫酸盐水泥水化产物中钙矾石矿物相较少;105、165 ℃热处理后的脱硫石膏更易吸附拌合水,降低了试样的均一性,使得其力学性能较低。 相似文献
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Cold oxygen plasma was employed to give hydrophilicity modification to polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric (NWF). It was found that, after plasma treatment, PP NWF made from fibers with smooth surfaces can only keep its hydrophilicity for a short time and then shows a quick hydrophobic recovery at room temperature. However, this hydrophilic property can last for a long time in the case of the PP NWF made from fibers with rough surfaces. To prove the contribution of the rough surface to the long‐term hydrophilicity, this PP NWF was treated in an organic solvent to smooth the fiber surface. The hydrophilic feature of this PP NWF no longer lasts for a long time after the same plasma treatment. This observation strongly supports our opinion that the fiber surface morphology of PP NWF is a critical factor for long‐term hydrophilicity improvement after plasma treatment, which gives a positive solution to overcoming the aging effect of hydrophilicity modification often found in this technique. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
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考查了高硫煤直接微波处理、浸渍不同浓度NaOH溶液后微波处理及其与磁选相结合的手段对脱硫效率的影响,结果表明:高硫煤样直接经微波辐照处理具有一定的脱硫效果,但脱硫率较低。原煤经不同NaOH溶液浸渍后,再经微波处理,其脱硫效果明显提高。在采用2 mol/L NaOH溶液浸渍后,经700W微波功率处理60s,其脱硫率达到最大,为45.2%。磁选对脱硫效率的影响受微波功率的影响较大。在本实验条件下,采用900W微波功率处理,经磁选后脱硫率明显提高。 相似文献
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研究了吸附工艺条件对柴油中硫化物,特别是对二苯并噻吩(DBT)的脱除效果。实验在常压下,采用静态吸附法,以FCC柴油和DBT模型物为原料,用燃灯法测定脱硫前后油品的硫含量,考察了模型物溶剂、油品中含有的芳烃以及吸附温度对吸附剂脱硫率的影响。得出溶剂黏度越大吸附脱硫率越差;油品中含有芳烃时,吸附剂脱硫率减小,温度对脱硫率的影响不大。考察了高温氮气、有机溶剂和水蒸汽这3种再生方法对吸附剂的再生效果,结果表明,水蒸汽600℃再生4h和有机溶剂苯洗涤24h的再生效果较好,基本可以恢复吸附剂的吸附性能。 相似文献