Yishen huanshuai recipe retard progression of chronic renal failure

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Yishen Huanshuai recipe (YSHSR) on the progression of chronic renal failure (CRF). MethodsForty-six patients with CRF were divided into two groups group A (self-controlled group, n=18), whose treatment plan was subdivided into two phases. During the first phase, the patients treated with low protein diet and controlling blood pressure, while in the second phase, YSHSR was given. Group B (n=28), whose treatment plan was similar with that of group A in the second phase. The rate of progression of CRF was estimated by slope of the creatinine reciprocal (dl/mg) with time (month). Results Mean slope of the creatinine reciprocal with time from the group A during the first phase was -0.0104±0.0021, while during the second phase, it was -0.0034±0.0018. There was significant difference between them (P<0.05). Mean slope from the group B was -0.0047±0.0020. There was also significant difference between that from the group B and that from the group A during the first phase (P<0.05). Conclusion Low protein diet and controlling blood pressure combined with YSHSR therapy could markedly retard the rate of progression of CRF.     

HPLC法对不同产地两头尖中皂苷D的定量分析

　　Using raddeanoside D, the main active constituent of Anemone raddeana Regel, as the quality control criteria, 10 samples of the herbal drug collected from different localities of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Shandong provinces were analysed by HPLC. Results showed that the average raddeanoside D contents were 0.355 0%, 0.321 3%, 0.280 7% and 0.219 6% respectively. This method was proved to be quick, simple and reproducible, and provided a reliable basis for the quality control and evaluation of A.raddeana.     

葛黄注射液质量控制研究

　　TLC was used to determine the chemical compostition of Gehuang injection, and spectrophotometry was used for quantitative determination of emodin in Gehuang injection. The recovery was 102.29 %, and RSD 0.20 %, with good reproducibility and can be used for the quality control of the injection.     

Distribution of materno-fetus materno-suckling transfer of tritium after single injection of tritiated water in mice.

The metabolism and transfer of tritium from pregnant mice to fetus after injection of tritiated water intraperitoneally was investigated in this paper. The study was composed of three experiments. 1. Pregnant mice were injected with tritium water on the first day of pregnancy, in order to obtain a transfer coefficient of tritium from pregnant mice to fetus through placenta. 2. Pregnant mice were injected with tritiated water on the first day of parturition to study the transfer of tritium via mother milk from nursing mice to the baby-animals. 3. Pregnant mice were injected with tritiated water in different periods of gestation. The results showed that tritiated water was uniformly distributed in all of the tissues measured, including placenta, fetal membrane and amniotic fluid in experiment 1. No effect of placentas on tritium transfer from pregnant mice to fetus was found. Concentration of tritium in the baby's tissues was evidently higher than that in the pregnant mice in experiments 2 and 3, and the transfer coefficient in experiments 2 and 3 was generally higher than that in experiment 1.

     

Association between delayed cardioprotection of aged rat myocytes and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase

Objective　To study the cardioprotective effects of hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) on aged rat ventricular myocytes and the cellular mechanism of protection.     

Selective loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in APP770 transgenic mice

Objective To determine whether cholinergic neurons in the basal nucleus magnocellularis (N BM) and the medial septum are affected in transgenic mice overexpressing human a myloid precursor protein 770 (APP₇₇₀).
Methods Eight age groups, from 3 months old to 10 months old, of either heterozygous tra nsgenic or non-transgenic mice were used for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) s taining using immunohistochemistry. The number of ChAT-positive neurons was co unted on the MCID Image Analysis System. Neurons in the cerebral cortex and are a CA1 of hippocampus were also stained with cresyl violet and counted using opti cal dissector technique.
Results There is no change in the number of forebrain cholinergic neurons in the transge nic mice up to 9 months of age. A loss of these cholinergic neurons starts in 9 months old transgenic mice, with a further decrease in the number of NBM and me dial septum neurons in 10-month-old transgenic mice. On the other hand, the n umber of neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal area CA1 remained unchanged.
Conclusion These results demonstrate a selective loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neuron s in APP₇₇₀ transgenic mice.     

复方毛冬青对实验性心律失常的作用

观察复方毛冬青抗氯仿、Cacl_2、Bacl_2所致的心律失常作用。结果表明该药对氯仿、Cacl_2诱发小鼠的心律失常具有对抗作用,降低心室颤动发生率及死亡率,提高Bacl_2诱发心律失常的阈剂量,并能推迟心律失常的出现时间。通过离体的蟾蜍心脏,观察到复方毛冬青有降低心肌收缩幅度及减慢心率的作用。     

救必应对小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用

目的研究救必应的水提物（IRTW）对小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法将60只小鼠随机平均分成6组：正常对照组、CCl4模型组、BPD组及IRTW高、中、低三个剂量组;采用四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导小鼠急性肝损伤模型,观察IRTW对小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性和肝匀浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷光甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）含量及对肝组织病理变化的影响。结果 IRTW各剂量组能显著降低小鼠血清ALT、AST含量（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,降低肝匀浆MDA含量（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,升高SOD、GSH-Px活性（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,减轻肝组织病理损伤程度。结论 IRTW对小鼠急性化学性肝损伤具有显著保护作用,其作用机制可能与抗脂质过氧化有关。     

大叶冬青降血脂作用及多糖含量测定研究

目的:研究大叶冬青提取物对实验性高血脂小鼠血脂含量的影响.同时测定大叶冬青多糖含量.方珐:苯酚一硫酸法测定多糖含量;测定喂食大叶冬青提取物后高血脂小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)浓度.结果:大叶冬青多糖含量为1.19%(n=3,RSD=8.52%).1.2 g/kg大叶冬青提...     

富氧水的制备、稳定性及其对小鼠血液毒性的影响

目的研究自制富氧水的稳定性及其对小鼠血液的毒性影响。方法监测水的不同体积、是否提前通气、是否加压等条件下利用简易富氧水发生装置制得的富氧水浓度及其变化;以4 mg/kg和2.4 mg/kg的剂量通过灌胃给予小鼠富氧水30 d后,检测电解质水平和相关血液指标。结果研究表明,水的体积越小、提前通入氧气以及外加氧压等方式可以得到初始氧含量较高的富氧水(P<0.05);纯水体积的大小既可影响所得富氧水初始氧含量,也可影响富氧水中氧含量的下降速度;与开放存放相比,密闭存放可减缓氧含量的下降速度。小鼠血液毒性研究表明,以4 mg/kg剂量给予富氧水的小鼠红细胞数量、血红蛋白、红细胞压积等指标都显著降低(P<0.05),而平均红细胞血红蛋白含量等指标显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论富氧水的氧含量稳定性随着制备条件和贮存方法的不同而异;高剂量富氧水可引起红细胞携氧功能的降低。     

苦丁茶对小鼠免疫功能的调节研究

目的：了解苦丁茶对免疫功能低下小鼠的影响。方法：经口灌服醋酸地塞米松（DEX）诱导小鼠免疫功能低下,7d后经口灌服蒲公英,采用苦丁茶和当归补血汤水煎液小鼠进行体液免疫功能测定。结果：苦丁茶可增强巨噬细胞吞噬指数水平,提高小鼠抗体生成水平和巨噬细胞的吞噬率,即通过改善机体的免疫抑制状态,进而增强和调节机体免疫功能作用。结论：苦丁茶有增强和上调免疫功能低下机体的作用。     

冬青属两种植物的抗炎作用及自由基清除能力研究

目的研究猫儿刺[Ilex pernyi Franch.(I.P.)]和龙里冬青[Ilex dunniana Levl.(I.D.)]2种植物干燥枝叶的乙醇提取物的急性毒性和抗炎、清除自由基的作用。方法以小鼠为实验动物,考察2种提取物的急性毒性;用经典的小鼠耳肿胀和大鼠肉芽肿方法考察了2种植物提取物的抗炎作用;并以DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl,二苯代苦味肼基自由基)和羟自由基实验评价2种提取物的自由基清除功效。结果急性毒性实验显示,当给予提取物剂量高达5 000 mg/kg时,仍没有小鼠出现死亡或中毒反应。在小鼠耳肿胀实验中,2种提取物高(1 200 mg/kg)、中(600 mg/kg)、低(300 mg/kg)剂量组均显示了一定的抗炎作用,且抗炎活性呈剂量依赖性;在慢性炎症实验中,大鼠肉芽肿模型的高(960 mg/kg)、中(480 mg/kg)、低(240 mg/kg)剂量组也显示了相似的结果。在自由基清除实验中,猫儿刺(I.P.)和龙里冬青(I.D.)都显示了较好的自由基清除功效,对DPPH自由基的半数清除率IC50分别为13.66μg/mL(I.P.)和13.48μg/mL(I.D.),阳性对照维生素C(Vc)的IC50为6.10μg/mL;对羟自由基的半数清除率IC50分别为0.51 mg/mL(I.P.)和0.78 mg/mL(I.D.),Vc的IC50为0.03 mg/mL。结论 I.P.和I.D.的乙醇提取物具有一定的抗炎作用和较好的自由基清除能力。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定不同加工方法枸骨叶中熊果酸和齐墩果酸的含量

目的考察不同加工方法对枸骨叶中熊果酸和齐墩果酸含量的影响。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,梯度洗脱,对不同加工方法的枸骨叶甲醇提取物进行高效液相色谱分析。结果熊果酸在55~550μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,r=0.999 9;齐墩果酸在35~350μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,r=0.999 9。晒干和阴干的样品中熊果酸和齐墩果酸含量较高,分别为1.45%,0.31%和1.43%,0.30%。结论该方法简便、重复性好、准确度高,为枸骨叶的合理加工提供了参考依据。     

速肤保的主要药效及安全性研究

本文探讨了外用新中成药速肤保的主要药效及安全性。实验结果表明:速肤保具有如下药理作用:1.对创伤感染常见的病原菌和条件致病菌均有不同程度的抗菌作用;2.有一定的抗炎作用。能抑制巴豆油混合致炎液所致的小鼠耳肿胀,抑制大鼠蛋清性足肿胀,对二甲苯所致小鼠毛细血管通透性增高有拮抗作用,能减少小鼠烫伤组织的含水量;3.有一定的镇痛作用。能抑制醋酸所致的小鼠扭体反应,提高小鼠痛阈,减轻热刺激所致的疼痛;4.有一定的止血作用。能缩短小鼠的出血时间。实验还证明,速肤保对小鼠无明显毒性作用,对新西兰大白兔正常及损伤皮肤均无明显刺激性,对豚鼠皮肤亦未产生过敏反应。本实验结果为速肤保的有效性和安全性提供了一定的药理学依据。     

五子衍宗丸对小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文探讨了五子衍宗丸对小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明,五子衍宗丸对正常小鼠外周血白细胞总数及酸性非特异性脂酶阳性淋巴细胞百分率无明显影响(P>0.05),对正常小鼠脾细胞产生抗体功能亦无明显影响(P>0.05),但对正常小鼠及免疫受抑小鼠的单核吞噬细胞功能有明显的激活增强作用(P<0.01),对免疫受抑小鼠外周血白细胞总数及酸性非特异性脂酶阳性淋巴细胞百分率的减少有防治作用(P<0.01),对免疫受抑小鼠脾细胞产生抗体功能有明显的促进作用。结果提示,五子衍宗丸对正常小鼠的部分非特异性免疫功能有一定的增强作用,而对免疫受抑小鼠的非特异性免疫功能及特异性免疫功能(包括细胞免疫和体液丸疫)均有明显的增强作用。     

止眩颗粒剂的提取工艺研究

目的 优选止眩颗粒剂的制备工艺。方法 以23—乙酰泽泻醇B、白术内酯I提取率和固形物得率为指标，采用正交试验法对止眩颗粒剂的提取工艺进行优选，并以小鼠镇静作用的药效学验证。结果 优化工艺为：泽泻、白术先以12倍量70％乙醇分2次回流提取，每次2h；再以14倍量水分2次煎煮，每次2h。提取物对小鼠有明显的镇静作用。结论 该工艺合理，有效成分提取效率高。