基于Zigbee通信的植入式神经电刺激系统的研究

目的：研制一种植入式神经电刺激系统。方法：采用Zigbee通信技术和双相恒流刺激产生技术设计系统．利用Zigbee同步时间唤醒技术实现系统的低功耗设计。结果：系统植入电刺激器和外部控制器之间可以双向无线通信．植入电刺激器的刺激强度、频率、脉宽、极性能够可控输出。结论：系统实现了PCB的一体化集成，功耗低，并且刺激输出波形不会因为人体组织负载阻抗的变化而变化，同时可以减小大电流刺激的疼痛感。     

基于Zigbee的医院机房无线监控系统设计

目的：克服有线监控系统的缺点，实时监控医院机房环境，保障医院信息系统正常运行。方法：采用Zigbee技术搭建无线传感器网络，设计并实现医院机房无线监控系统。结果：充分发挥Zigbee技术的优点，有效地提高了医院机房监控的可靠性，减轻了机房维护人员负担。结论：基于Zigbee的医院机房无线监控系统能够有效地实现医院机房环境的统一管理和监控。     

天年素医用功能敷料的皮内刺激试验和短期肌肉植入试验

报道了天年素医用功能敷料的皮内刺激试验和短期肌肉植入试验。试验结果表明：该敷料对接触组织无刺激性，天年素敷料对周围组织的刺激反应程度小于普通棉纺敷料，是一种安全的、很有发展前途的新型医用功能敷料。     

基于Zigbee技术的医院患者监控系统研究

目的：设计一套基于Zigbee技术、用于实时监控患者信息的医院患者实时监控系统。方法：提出并设计了以微型处理器MCS08和Zigbee芯片MC13192为核心的无线监控系统，以无线的方式实时监控患者信息。结果：应用该系统，医护人员可实时了解患者所处的位置和身体健康情况，可使危重病患者得到及时救治，并可减轻医护人员的工作强度。结论：基于Zigbee技术的医院患者实时监控系统符合医院内应用环境条件，可提高医院的治疗效率，有推广应用前景。     

另类起搏器

脑起搏器在医学述语上称“脑深部刺激系统(DBS)”，其外形及工作原理与心脏起搏器类同。DBS由植入脑内的刺激电极、埋在胸部皮下的脉冲发生器和皮下导线组成。脑内电极质地柔软，直径1．2mm，电极头端有4个刺激触点，供刺激选用。脉冲发生器大小为6X6X0．5cm，为整个系统的核心部分，持续发出高频脉冲电刺激，通过皮下导线传递到脑内电极，抑制不正常的脑核团放电，消除帕金森病症状。整个刺激系统均埋在皮下，不影响日常工作和生活。     

多通道可植入神经刺激器的设计和实现

目的：主要设计和实现人工电子耳蜗的植入部分，即多通道可植入神经刺激器。方法：利用硬件描述语言，基于可编程逻辑器件（Programable Logic Device，PLD），采用“脉冲持续调制（PDM）解码和外部定时控制（ETC）码控制”及其改进的方案进行硬件电路设计。结果：实现的多通道可植入神经刺激器可提供多达8个通道的输出，具有较高的分辨率。结论：该多通道可植入神经刺激器体积小，便于携带，效率高，而且包含比较完善的错误纠正机制，其产生的刺激波形能满足电荷平衡、电流限制和电荷限制等安全要求。     

体内植入电子系统(三) 第三讲 体内植入系统的信息传输

一、引言除某些简单的刺激装置和生物医学测量装置外,人体植入系统通常由植入部和非植入部两大部份组成。植入部除上一讲已作详细介绍的电源外还包括传感器、预处理电路、发射电路和控制器。传感器将生理信息转换     

可降血压的植入性电子芯片

日前，德国弗赖堡大学科研人员发明了一种降血压的植入性电子芯片，高血压患者植入该电子芯片后，可以不用长期服用降压药物。该电子芯片共有24个电极。动物实验时，在实验鼠颈部的迷走神经系统中植入该电子芯片后，芯片对实验鼠大脑向心脏发出的血压调控信号进行了传输反馈控制，其通过24个电极的开闭，选择性地刺激神经纤维，从而调控血压。     

基于Zigbee的医院病区护理智能化无线监护系统

目的为实现医院病区护理的智能化、自动化，减轻医护人员工作强度，减少陪护需求，提高医疗服务质量，降低医疗费用。方法利用Zigbee技术在医院病房布置无线传感器网络，患者佩戴集成各种生理信号传感器的无线监护腕表，通过监护主机实现对患者的实时智能化监护和管理。结果基于Zigbee的无线传感器网络技术能够有效的实现医院病区的护理智能化和自动化。     

基于Zigbee的心电信号采集平台的构建

目的：对Zigbee网上心电数据采集进行研究。方法：提出了一种以CC2430的Zigbee集成芯片为核心,搭建一个多节点的心电采集平台的方法。分别就Zigbee的硬件设计和ECG软件采样流程进行了介绍。结果：由于Zigbee协议支持动态路由功能,使得该平台可以在采集丰富数据的同时,使被测对象拥有较多的活动空间。结论：该方案在收集心电数据上是一种很好的选择。     

Book Reviews

Practitioner Research in Health Care. The Inside Story , by Rosamund Bryar, by Jan Reed, by Sue Procter., by Rosamund Bryar MPhil, BNurs, RN, RHV, NDNCert, RM, CertEd (FE) Professor of Community Healthcare Nursing Practice, School of Health, The University of Hull
Practitioner Research: The Reflexive Social Worker , by Roger Fuller, by Alison Petch, by Jill Manthorpe MA Lecturer in Community Care Department of Social Policy and Professional Studies University of Hull
The Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse in Britain , by Deborah Ghate, by Liz Spencer., by Jane Hutton PhD Senior Lecturer, Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Newcastle
Urban Health in Developing Countries: Progress and Prospects , by Trudy Harpham, by Marcel Tanner, by Bernard Ineichen PhD Lecturer in Public Health Department of Public Health and Primary Care Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London
The New Culture of Dementia Care , by Tom Kitwood, by Sue Benson Hawker Publications, London. 1995. £17.50. 80 pp. ISBN 1874790175
Positive Approaches to Dementia Care , by Una Holden, by Robert T. Woods, by Bernard Ineichen PhD Lecturer in Public Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London
Positive Approaches to Challenging Behaviours , by John Harris, by Dave Hewett, by Lesley Cotterill PhD, BA (Hons) Research Fellow, Health and Community Care Research Unit, University of Liverpool
Good Practice in Risk Assessment and Risk Management , by Hazel Kemshall, by Jacki Pritchard, by Jessica Kingsley, by Nicky Stanley MA, MSc, CQSW Lecturer in Social Work, University of Hull, Hull
Announcement , by Dr Joan L. Bottorff School of Nursing T201 2211 Wesbrook Mall University of British Coumbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 2B5     

Hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastases from lung cancer; detection with CT and MR imaging

Sixty-one patients with primary lung cancer, who had CT and MR imaging before surgery, were studied. MR imaging used spin-echo sequences with T1 weighted image and T2 weighted image (C-MRI), and included STIR technique (Stir-MRI). The accuracy of diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy (regarding 10 mm or larger in short transverse diameter as positive) was 89% by CT, 84% by C-MRI and 89% by Stir-MRI. The accuracy of diagnosis of hilar lymphadenopathy was 42% by CT, 67% by C-MRI, and 75% by Stir-MRI. The accuracy of diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node metastases was 89% by CT, 94% by C-MRI and 96% by Stir-MRI. The accuracy of diagnosis of hilar lymph node metastases was 78% by CT, 87% by C-MRI and 89% by Stir-MRI. The possibility of enhancement of diagnostic accuracy of lymph node metastases from lung cancer was suggested by combining MR imaging included STIR technique with CT.     

Book Reviews

Behaviour Disorders of Children and Adolescents by Marilyn T. Erickson. Infections in the Rheumatic Diseases by Luis Espinoza et al. Grune & Stratton. Manual on Infections and Immunizations in Children edited by Angus Nicoll & Peter Rudd. Aspects of Autism: Biologicat Research edited by Lorna Wing. Cleft Palate: The Nature and Remediation of Communication Problems edited by Jackie Stengelofen. Dimensions of Substitute Care by M. J. Colton. Living with Asthma and Hay Fever by John Donaldson. Self-understanding in Childhood and Adolescence by W. Damon & D. Hart. Bedwetdng — A Treatment Manual for Professional Staff by SQiixty Bollard & Ted Nettelbeck. Paediatric Behavioural Neurology. Vol. 1: Clinical Principles by Charles Njiokiktjien 16 and Then What? by Adrina E. McCormack.     

Patterns of prostate cancer treatment by clinical stage and age

OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed prostate cancer treatment rates by age and clinical stage and contrasted these with rates by most accurate stage. METHODS: We determined surgery and radiation rates by most accurate and clinical stage by using 1996 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data. RESULTS: Treatment rates by clinical stage vs best stage differ significantly. For example, surgery rates for stages B, C, and D are 37%, 78%, and 13% by most accurate stage but 33%, 6%, and 1% by clinical stage. Treatment patterns by clinical stage vary substantially by age. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment patterns should be described by clinical stage rather than most accurate stage, and they vary by age.     

Lipid metabolism of orchiectomised rats was affected by fructose ingestion and the amount of ingested fructose

We examined whether lipid metabolism in orchiectomised (ORX) rats was affected by fructose ingestion and the amount of ingested fructose. Sucrose was used as a fructose source. Sham-operated and ORX rats were fed one of the following three diets for 28 d: a maize starch-based diet without sucrose (SU0), a diet by which half or all of maize starch was replaced by sucrose (SU50 or SU100). Body-weight gain and food intake were increased by sucrose ingestion, but decreased by ORX. Plasma total cholesterol concentration was increased by ORX and dose-dependently by sucrose ingestion. Plasma TAG concentration was decreased by ORX, but was increased dose-dependently by sucrose ingestion. Plasma insulin concentration was decreased by ORX, but was not affected by sucrose ingestion. Liver TAG was increased by sucrose ingestion and ORX; however, liver cholesterol concentration was not affected by sucrose ingestion and ORX. The hepatic activity of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase 1 was not affected by sucrose ingestion and ORX; however, faecal excretion of bile acids was decreased. The mRNA level of microsomal TAG transfer protein, which is the gene related to hepatic VLDL production, was increased by ORX and sucrose ingestion. The mRNA level of uncoupling protein-1 was decreased by ORX, but not by sucrose ingestion. Plasma insulin concentration tended to correlate with the level of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c mRNA (r 0·747, P = 0·088). These results show that lipid metabolism in ORX rats would be affected by the consumption of fructose-rich sweeteners such as sucrose and high-fructose syrup.     

新疆北湾地区药物处理蚊帐对蚊虫击倒效果研究

目的通过药物处理蚊帐对蚊虫进行击倒实验,在北湾地区室内环境中通过药物处理蚊帐对蚊虫快速击倒效果进行研究。方法研究中选用经BASF药物处理蚊帐、20次洗涤的BASF药物处理蚊帐、5ml有效成分10％的奋斗呐处理的普通蚊帐（WHO推荐）,普通军用蚊帐作为对照,在野外环境中用吸蚊器采集当地优势蚊种刺扰伊蚊分别放入4种处理蚊帐中,观察4种处理蚊帐对当地蚊虫的首数击倒、半数击倒、全数击倒时间,最后比较分析4种处理蚊帐对当地主要蚊种的快速击倒效果。结果在对当地主要蚊种刺扰伊蚊的快速击倒效果上,经药物处理的BASF蚊帐〉清洗20次药物处理的BASF蚊帐〉WHO推荐的奋斗呐处理的蚊帐。3种处理蚊帐在7min以内都能形成对蚊虫的首数击倒,3种蚊帐在首次击倒时间上差异无统计学意义（F＝2．375,P=0．174）,在17min内形成半数击倒,BASF药物处理蚊帐与奋斗呐处理蚊帐在时间上差异有统计学意义（P=0．036）;BASF2种处理蚊帐在27min内可以全部击倒蚊虫,奋斗呐处理的蚊帐则要54min才能全部击倒蚊虫,BASF2种处理蚊帐与奋斗呐处理蚊帐间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。结论经过药物处理的蚊帐比不经任何处理的普通蚊帐对蚊虫击倒效果要好,适当选择药物处理蚊帐可以为北湾边防部队提供有效的保护。     

化学性肝损害与肾上腺皮质激素 Ⅲ.趋肝毒物四氯化碳、氯乙烯对作业工人肾上腺皮质功能的影响及其与肝损害的关系

本文对生产和使用CCl_4和氯乙烯的工人进行了肝功能和肾上腺皮质功能检测。结果表明,工人长期在较高浓度的CCl_4和氯乙烯车间劳动,接触CCl_4工人的血浆皮质醇水平降低占25.9%,氯乙烯工人血浆皮质醇水平升高占21.7%,但未发现皮质激素水平改变与肝损害间有明显关系。     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Growth and Development, a Primary Health Care Approach by Bobby Crew Nelms and Ruth G. Mullins.
Asthma and Emotion by Abraham Stern.
Language and Learning Disorders of the Pre-Academic Child by Tina E. Bangs.
Child Psychopathology 2nd edition by Marilyn T. Erickson.
When Parents Split Up by Ann K. Mitchell.
New Direction in Religious Education by John Hull.
The Battered Child: Recognition in Primary Care by Neil O'Doherty.
Tlie Place of Attachment in Human Behaviour by Colin Murray Parkes and Joan Stevenson-Hinde.