新型钯荧光探针的应用研究

研究了市售荧光试剂N-1-萘基乙二胺(NPED)作为荧光探针测定钯的新方法.在pH 4.0的溶液中, N-1-萘基乙二胺与钯发生反应形成络合物,使NPED荧光猝灭,猝灭程度与钯的浓度在 5×10-7～6×10-6 mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检测限3.8×10-7 mol/L;由NPED在不同酸度溶液中的荧光光谱变化,测定了其共轭酸的酸离解常数pKa1和pKa2,探讨了猝灭机理;有常见金属离子及共存贵金属离子Pt4 不干扰测定.实验用的荧光试剂价廉易得,方法操作简单、快速,选择性好,已用于钯催化剂及环境水样中钯含量测定.     

用一种新的疏水共轭聚合物荧光测定曲通X-100及其临界胶束浓度

通过Sonogashira钯催化偶联反应,合成了一种新的疏水性荧光共轭聚合物,聚[2,5-二壬氧基-1,4-苯撑-乙炔撑-2-甲酰-基1,4-苯撑](poly[2,5-bisnonyloxy-1,4-phenylene-ethynylene-2-formyl-1,4-phenylene],PPECHO),并研究了此聚合物与表面活性剂的相互作用.PPECHO在水溶液中荧光发生明显猝灭.加入非离子表面活性剂曲通X-100(TX-100)后,聚合物的荧光显著增强,而其它表面活性剂(Tween、Brij-35、CTAB、SDS)对PPECHO的荧光强度没有明显影响.据此,我们建立了一种简单的选择性检测TX-100的荧光方法.最佳条件下,体系的荧光强度与TX-100的浓度分别在0-0.2×10-3和0.2×10-3-0.8×10-3mol/L的范围内分段成线性关系,检测限为6.5×10-7mol/L.同时,两条工作曲线的交点所对应的TX-100的浓度与其临界胶束浓度(CMC)值一致,这为胶束的形成提供了一种直接的指示.该法用于实际样品中TX-100的测定,结果令人满意.     

一种新型聚合物颗粒的制备及其在氨基乙酸测定中的应用

设计一种基于荧光增强原理检测伯胺的新方法.利用邻苯二甲醛与烯丙基硫醇、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)在偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)引发下热聚合制得了一种新型聚合物颗粒.该聚合物颗粒本身的荧光很弱,但可与伯胺作用,形成具有强荧光的异吲哚类化合物.利用聚合物颗粒的这一性质测定氨基乙酸.实验结果表明:在pH值为8.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液/乙醇(体积比4:1)混合介质中,控制聚合物颗粒质量浓度为1.5 g/L,聚合物颗粒与氨基乙酸反应3 h以上,反应可进行完全,混合悬浮液的荧光强度可达到稳定值.聚合物颗粒悬浮液的相对荧光强度对氨基乙酸的浓度为5.0×10-6～7.O×10-5 mol/L时有线性响应,线性相关系数为0.997 3,检测限为1.4×10-6mol/L,回收率为98.1%～103.3%.此聚合物颗粒也可以用于其他伯胺化合物的测定.     

间接荧光光度法测定痕量铈

基于在无荧光性的铈(Ⅳ)体系中加入抗坏血酸后生成有特征荧光的铈(Ⅲ)离子,体系中再加入一定浓度的甲醛溶液后,新体系的荧光性得到更大强度的增敏.据此建立了一种间接测定痕量铈(Ⅳ)离子的新方法.利用该方法铈(Ⅳ)离子浓度在1×10-6 mol/L～1×10-4 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为7.2×10-8mol/L.此方法具有操作简便、灵敏度高、选择性好等优点.     

荧光猝灭法测定铜离子

研究了芘丁酸与Cu(II)离子作用的荧光光谱,发现在pH=7.6的弱碱性溶液中痕量Cu(II)离子对芘丁酸的荧光产生猝灭作用.在最佳实验条件下,其相对荧光强度与Cu(II)离子浓度之间有良好的线性关系,线性范围为6.5×10-6~4.8×10-4 mol/L,检测限1.1×10-6 mol/L.据此建立了测定Cu(II)离子的分析方法.该方法简单,用于合成样品的测定结果令人满意.     

槲皮素作为荧光探针对醋酸根离子的识别作用

为了探讨天然产物槲皮素作为荧光探针检测醋酸根离子的选择性和灵敏性,实验将不同种类阴离子加入到槲皮素的二甲亚砜溶液中,考查槲皮素溶液的荧光强度变化.实验发现:槲皮素的二甲亚砜溶液在500 nm处有一荧光发射峰,加入醋酸根离子时,该峰强度明显增强,而其他阴离子(C1-、Br-、I-、ClO4-、H2PO4-)对该峰强度无明显影响,同时在Q-Ac-中加入其他阴离子未引起荧光强度的变化.表明槲皮素对醋酸根离子具有较好的选择性;荧光滴定光谱表明槲皮素对醋酸根离子具有较高的灵敏度,且荧光滴定曲线线性关系较好(R2 =0.995),线性范围为1.0× 10-6～8.0× 10-6 mol/L,最低检测限为1.0× 10-7 mol/L;通过Job曲线得到槲皮素与醋酸根离子作用的化学计量比为3:2,稳定常数为3.11×104.核磁等实验表明,醋酸根离子的加入破坏或减弱了体系原有的氢键,促进了槲皮素分子内电荷转移,使槲皮素的荧光强度增强.用该方法检测了样品中微量的醋酸根离子,回收率为98.82％～100.96％,测定结果稳定.     

Dy~（3＋）-氟哌酸-十二烷基苯磺酸钠体系荧光增敏反应的研究及其分析应用

研究发现镝与氟哌酸发生荧光反应,形成荧光络合物,发射配体微扰的中心离子的M*-M型特征荧光.加入表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠生成三元离子缔合物,使体系的荧光与二元体系相比增强14倍.结果表明在最佳试验条件下,Dy3+的浓度在1.0×10-6～1.0×10-5mol/L范围内与体系的荧光强度呈线性关系,当信噪比等于3时,检测限为2.0×10-7mol/L.采用标准加入法测定了合成稀土样品中镝的含量,结果满意.     

铽-司帕沙星荧光体系的研究及应用

研究了乙酸 乙酸钠缓冲体系中铽与司帕沙星络合物的荧光特性.司帕沙星与Tb3 存在能量转移关系,使Tb3 545nm处的特征荧光峰大为增强,据此建立了稀土离子Tb3 增敏荧光光谱测定司帕沙星的新方法.测定的最佳条件为:pH5.6,Tb3 浓度4.0×10-4mol/L,λex/λem=275nm/545nm.线性范围1.0×10-7～1.5×10-5mol/L,检测下限1.6×10-9mol/L.该方法用于测定尿液中司帕沙星的含量,结果令人满意.     

5-磺基水杨酸—Fe~(3+)荧光探针测定EDTA

5-磺基水杨酸是一种常用的铁指示剂,但关于其荧光性质的研究报道很少.通过研究5-磺基水杨酸与Fe3+相互作用的荧光光谱,发现Fe3+可以选择性猝灭5-磺基水杨酸的荧光,而EDTA的加入可以使5-磺基水杨酸-Fe3+配合物离解,荧光恢复.基于5-磺基水杨酸荧光的"关-开",建立了一种测定EDTA的荧光分析新方法.在优化的实验条件下,该方法的线性范围为1.0×10-6-1.2×10-5mol/L,检出限为6.0×10-7mol/L,对浓度为6.0×10-6mol/L的EDTA平行测定11次,相对标准偏差为3.1%.该方法成功用于测定水样中的EDTA.     

基于硫化镉量子点荧光增强测定痕量碘

以水相中制备的羧甲基纤维素钠修饰的硫化镉(CdS)量子点为荧光探针,基于Cu2+离子和I-离子作用后生成的CuI对CMC-CdS量子点荧光的增强作用,建立了测定痕量碘离子的新的分析方法.考察了缓冲体系、量子点浓度、反应时间等因素的影响.实验表明,在0.03 mol/L、pH=7.7的磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾(PBS)缓冲溶液中,当量子点的浓度为2.0×10-4mol/L、反应时间为25 min时,量子点的相对荧光强度与I-离子的浓度呈很好的线性关系,线性范围为:1.0×10-7～1.0×10-9mol/L,检出限为0.5 nmol/L.该法已用于海带和紫菜中碘含量的测定,结果令人满意.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-