SO^2—4／MO2超强酸体系催化酯化性能研究

本文报导了二种用于多元醇酯化反应催化剂的合成：ＳＯ＾２－４／Ｒｏ２Ｔ ｏ＾２－ｖ／ＴｉＯ２并测试了该类固体超强酸催化剂的酸强度、比表面等性质。研究了在不同焙烧温度下其催化性能；进而用红外收光谱证实了超强酸催化剂表面的ＳＯ＾２－４主要以ＳＯ３的化学物质形式存在。     

高价阴离子在PEG水溶液中的粘度B系数

测定了ＮａＣｌ、ＫＣｌ、Ｎａ２ＳＯ４、Ｋ２ＳＯ４、Ｎａ２ＣＯ３、Ｎａ３ＰＯ４在ＰＥＧ水溶液中的相对粘度,利用Ｊｏｎｅｓ－Ｄｏｌｅ方程求出了粘度Ｂ系数,结果表明Ｂ系数具有良好的加和性,以ＫＣｌ为参考电解质计算了单个离子Ｂ系数,发现ＳＯ＾２－４,ＣＯ＾２－３,ＰＯ＾３－４的Ｂ系数随着ＰＦＧ浓度的增大而减小,温度系数ｄＢ／ｄＴ大于零,表明ＳＯ＾２－４,ＣＯ＾２－３,ＰＯ＾３－４对ＰＥＧ水溶液结构呈破坏作     

固体超强酸催化合成水杨酸异戊酯的研究

合成了固体起强酸ＳＯ＾２－４／ＳｎＯ２、ＳＯ＾２－４／Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＳＯ＾２－４／ＺｒＯ２和ＳＯ＾２－４／ＴｉＯ２,并作为催化剂用于水杨酸异戊酯的合成。     

M2O3—SO4^2—型固体超强酸催化剂的研制及性能研究

Ｍ２Ｏ３－ＳＯ４＾２－型固体超强酸催化剂与普通酸催化剂相比,具有能耗低,产率高,与产品分离容易,无腐蚀,无污染,用量少,工艺简便,易再生可重复利用等诸多优点,但其选择性高,不同条件下制得的催化剂只对某些反应有催化作用。本文研究了ＴｉＯ２－ＳＯ４＾２－和Ｓｅ２Ｏ３－ＳＯ４＾２－固体超强酸的制备、再生和对合成乙酸乙酯的催化性能。实验表明：ＴｉＯ２－ＳＯ４＾２－催化剂对合成乙酸乙酯有上述优点,而Ｆｅ２Ｏ     

含铅的多元氢阴极电催化性能的研究

用电沉积法制备Ｍｏ－Ｗ－Ｎｉ－Ｐｂ－Ｃａ多元活性阴极，研究了在０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｈ２ＳＯ４中的析氢反应，结果表明，多元阴极具有较高的电催化活性，其析氢过电位比软钢阴极降低３０５ｍＶ，ｉ０提高三个数量级，且有较好的稳定性，并用光电子能谱研究了表面组成和结构。证实表面有：Ｎｉ，ＮｉＯ，ＭｏＯ２，ＭｏＯ＾２－４，ＷＯ３，ＰｂＯ２，ＰｂＯ，Ｃａ＾＋＋等物质。     

30℃时K2SO4和（NH4）2SO4在CH3OH—H2O溶液中的共饱和度研究

本研究测定了３０℃时Ｋ２ＳＯ４－（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４－ＣＨ３ＯＨ－Ｈ２Ｏ元体系的共饱和度，分析了ＣＨ３ＯＨ含量对Ｋ２ＳＯ４及（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４共饱和度的影响，得出了以ＣＨ３ＯＨ为盐析剂，从Ｋ２ＳＯ４和（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４的水溶液中晶析Ｋ２ＳＯ４的规律，为Ｋ２ＳＯ４和（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４的分离提供理论依据。     

SO^2—4／TiO2／ZSM—5催化剂催化性能的研究

以浸渍沉淀负载法制备了ＳＯ＾２－４／ＴｉＯ２／ＺＳＭ－５分子筛催化剂，用ＸＲＤ，ＩＲ，ＤＴＡ，ＴＧ，ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ，ＩＣＰ等对催化剂的物化性能进行表征，考察了它对酯化反应制乙酸丁酯的催化活性。结果表明；催化剂含ＴｉＯ２为６．０ｗｔ％，ＳＯ＾２－４为３．２ｗｔ％，在最佳条件下，乙酸的转化率达９８．８％，选择性为１００Ｔ〉达到以硫酸为催化剂的催化活性。     

复合固体酸SO2-4/Fe2O3-SnO2催化合成乙酸乙酯

合成了固体酸催化剂ＳＯ＾２－４／Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－ＳｎＯ２,考察了该催剂在乙酸乙酯民中的催化活性,并与ＳＯ＾２－４／ＺｒＯ２浓Ｈ２ＳＯ４催化剂进行了比较,同时对酯化反应的影响因素诸如催化剂的制备,用量及反应时间等进行了研究。     

用谱学方法研究铜在Fe（CN）^3—6溶液中的腐蚀行为

用ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ和ＸＰＳ等分子光谱和电子能谱方法研究了铜在Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）＾３－６溶液中的腐蚀过程，表面膜的形成及其改性。结果表明，腐蚀膜主要由Ｃｕ＾１＋４Ｆｅ＾Ⅱ（ＣＮ）６（大量）和Ｃｕ＾２＋２Ｆｅ＾Ⅱ（ＣＮ）６（少量）组成，并夹杂有Ｋ４Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６和Ｋ３Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６；     

固体超强酸TiO2／SO4^2—催化合成丁酸异戌酯的研究

报道固体超强酸ＴｉＯ２／ＳＯ４＾２－作为催化剂进行了酸与异戌醇酯化反应的合成路线和工艺条件，实验结果表明；使用合适条件制备的固体超强酸ＴｉＯ２／ＳＯ４＾２－在１３５￣１４２℃，酸与醇比为１：２和适量（３％ｗｔ）催化剂下，反应１．５小时，丁酸异戌酯产率可达９０％左右。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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