多孔介质方腔内自然对流影响因素数值模拟

为研究封闭方腔内饱和多孔介质自然对流传热,采用控制体积法,运用多孔介质局部热平衡假设,整体求解方腔内的温度场和流场,根据计算结果着重分析瑞利数Ra和达西数Da对多孔介质方腔内自然对流换热特性的影响.计算结果表明:当Ra取定值,壁面平均努塞尔数Nu随Da数的增加而增大;当Da数取定值,壁面平均努塞尔数Nu随Ra的增加而增大;随着达西数Da数的增加,临界瑞利数Ra逐渐减小.     

介质参数对多孔介质腔内自然对流换热的影响

采用局部非热平衡模型,对非热平衡多孔介质方腔内的非达西自然对流进行了数值研究,采用Brinkman-Darcy-Forchheimer模型描述多孔介质内的流动,研究在不同参数条件下,即Pr、Da、空隙率φ、Ra等参数的不同取值下,有效导热系数比γ及无量纲容积换热系数H对多孔介质自然对流换热的影响,研究表明:γ的增加会削弱方腔内自然对流换热;ε、Da数的增大能够增加流体相平均Nu数,而对于固体相则有降低的作用;综合表明,只有在γ取值达到10.0以上时,局部热平衡假设才能得以成立。     

有体积热源的矩形空腔内层流自然对流的数值模拟

对具有内热源方腔的稳态层流耦合自然对流换热进行了三维的数值模拟,采用的模拟代码基于连续介质计算力学的开源库OpenFoam,解决了自然对流换热与固体传热的耦合问题.Ra数的变化从105到109.对外壁面为常温、方腔内充满含体积热源流体的自然对流计算结果表明,温度场、速度场与非耦合的工况有很大差异.     

用格子Boltzmann研究多孔介质内的自然对流换热问题

用格子Boltzmann方法研究了方腔内二维多孔介质由于不均匀温度分布产生的浮力效应而引起的自然对流传热问题.通过数值模拟得到了多孔介质内流体的流场和温度场.详细讨论了孔隙度对自然对流传热的影响,并对孔隙度变化情况下的自然对流传热问题也进行了探讨.研究结果表明,在孔隙度恒定,且Da数比较小(≤10-6)的情况下,当Ra数较低时,孔隙度对自然对流传热的影响很小,当Ra数足够大时需要考虑孔隙度变化的影响;而在Da数较大(≥10-2)情况下,孔隙度对自然对流传热的影响非常明显.在孔隙度线性变化情况下,中间孔隙度c对自然对流传热有一定的影响,且对流与传热随着c的增大而变得剧烈.     

矩形闭合空间内多孔介质中自然对流传热研究

对底面恒温加热顶面恒温冷却、其它壁面绝热的矩形闭合空间内多孔介质中的自然对流传热问题,简化为二维模型进行数值计算和分析,在Ra≤300范围内,揭示了流场、温度场和换热效果随瑞利数(Ra)变化的特性,证实了从导热向自然对流开始过渡的第一临界瑞利数 Ra_c=40,给出了努谢尔特数(Nu)、瑞利数(Ra)和形状比(A)之间关系的理论计算公式和曲线。     

热源位置对室内自然对流换热影响的数值分析

利用热和流体流动控制方程,以室内局部加热(集中热源)的自然对流换热现象为研究对象,分析讨论了不同瑞利数Ra(Ra=103～106)、不同热源位置时的室内流体流线、等温线分布特征以及平均努赛尔数Nu的变化.分析结果表明:针对某一固定热源位置情况,随着Ra的增大,室内的热传输形式由热传导逐渐变为对流换热,等温线和流线形状随着Ra的增大发生变化,流线逐渐变得"紊乱";Nu与Ra呈幂数关系,拟合后其线性相关性可达93%.     

含生热体三角腔自然对流数值模拟

文章对内置等温生热体的三角形腔体内空气自然对流换热进行数值模拟。生热体为矩形,位于垂直边上,且温度恒定,三角形斜边的边界温度恒定且低于生热体温度,其余两边绝热。通过有限元方法对不同瑞利数(Ra)下的不同高宽比三角形腔体进行分析,得出腔体内空气的流线图、等温线分布图以及生热体表面空气的努塞尔数Nu与Ra的关系。结果表明,随着Ra的增加,腔内空气自然对流方式由层流向湍流转变,主要的传热方式由热传导转变为对流换热,且较小的高宽比更利于腔内流动和传热。     

单侧周期性温度边界下多孔介质方腔内自然对流传热数值模拟

采用局部非热平衡模型,在方腔左侧壁面温度正弦波变化的边界条件下,应用SIMPLER算法数值模拟研究了固体骨架发热多孔介质方腔内的稳态非达西自然对流,主要探讨了不同正弦波波动参数N、振幅A及方腔的高宽比M/L对方腔内自然对流与传热的影响规律。计算结果表明:方腔左侧壁面附近出现了周期性的正负变化的温度场分布,壁面局部传热系数出现了周期性的震荡现象;存在一个最佳温度波动参数N=3,此时流体相壁面的平均Nu达到最大值;存在一个最佳的方腔高宽比M/L=0!1,使得多孔介质方腔内自然对流传热效果最好,增加或减小高宽比都会在一定程度上削弱多孔介质方腔内的传热效果;相对于温度均一的边界条件,正弦波温度边界条件能够增大壁面的平均Nu数,起到强化传热的作用。     

用lattice Boltzmann方法模拟矩形竖腔内混合对流

用lattice Boltzmann方法(LBM)模拟了纵横比(高度与宽度之比)大于1的矩形竖腔内同时存在自然对流和强制对流的混合流动时流场与温度场分布.比较了不同雷诺数(Re)、瑞利数(Ra)下矩形腔的流场分布在不同纵横比时的特点,研究了这些参数值对混合对流换热的影响,提出混合对流存在时Re和Ra对流动和换热的影响可由Richardson数(Ri)综合反映,并得到在不同纵横比时平均Nusselt数(Nu)随Ra和Re的变化关系式.与常用的LBGK模型不同,用了LB力矩模型.     

多孔介质方腔内空气热磁对流的数值模拟

数值分析了微重力环境下圆形载流线圈绕X轴倾斜时多孔介质方腔内空气热磁对流。方腔左侧垂直壁面等温加热、右侧垂直壁面等温冷却,其它壁面绝热。控制方程基本变量采用控制容积法离散,求解采用SIMPLE算法。计算过程中Ra数变化范围为10 4～10 5,线圈倾斜角xeuler的变化范围为0°～90°,磁场力数γ变化范围为0～200、Da数变化范围为5×10 -4～5×10 -3。计算结果表明随着γ数、Ra数和Da数的增加,多孔介质方腔内对流变得越来越强。线圈倾斜角xeuler从0°到90°变化时,对流结果关于xeluer=45°呈现对称关系。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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