Cooldry长丝的吸湿排汗性能

通过对Cooldry纤维的形态结构、保水率、吸水高度、吸水速度、干燥速率的测定,研究该纤维的吸湿排汗性能。研究结果表明,Cooldry纤维是具有异形截面的涤纶纤维,每根纤维表面在轴向存在微型沟槽,因此它的芯吸作用大大提高,从而提高了Cooldry织物的吸湿排汗性能。     

超吸水静电纺纤维毡的制备及性能研究

采用过硫酸钾作为引发剂,通过自由基聚合将丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺共聚,接着加入戊二醛制成纺丝原液,再通过静电纺丝工艺制备纤维毡,然后在150℃下经4 h的戊二醛热交联获得超吸水静电纺纤维毡。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪研究超吸水静电纺纤维毡的纤维表面化学结构,采用扫描电镜研究不同纺丝电压、不同推进速度对超吸水静电纺纤维毡的表面形貌及纤维直径的影响,采用称重法研究纤维直径及其分布对超吸水静电纺纤维毡的吸液性能和保水性能的影响。结果表明:当纺丝电压为20 kV、推进速度为15.0μL/min时,纤维可纺性好且成纤均匀,所得超吸水静电纺纤维毡对去离子水和质量分数为0.9%的NaCl溶液的吸液倍率分别达到116和94,且30℃下保水性能良好。     

静电纺PCL纤维膜的制备及其性能

为了减少海洋溢油事故带来的危害，选取天然可降解的聚己内酯(PCL)为原料，通过静电纺丝法制备不同质量分数的PCL纤维膜，利用扫描电镜观察纤维形貌，并对不同质量分数的PCL纤维膜水接触角、吸油倍率和保油率进行测试与分析。结果表明：随PCL质量分数的增加，纤维直径逐渐增大。当PCL质量分数为16%时，纤维之间无串珠结构，直径分布均匀，平均直径324 nm,具有较好的可纺性。纤维膜对水的接触角为137.08°,对3种油的吸油倍率最高分别为机油36.73 g/g、花生油34.20 g/g和菜籽油30.63 g/g,保油率均在55.0%以上，经过5次循环使用后，对3种油的吸油倍率仍均可达到15.0 g/g以上。说明PCL纤维膜具有良好的疏水性能、吸油性能、保油性和一定的循环使用性能，在油水分离领域具有较好的应用前景。     

等离子体处理对原棉织物亲水性的影响

为了改善原棉织物的亲水性能,本文研究了等离子体处理参数对原棉织物表面性能的影响。主要探讨了等离子处理时间、处理功率和处理距离,如何影响原棉织物芯吸效应。XPS分析结果发现,原棉织物经等离子体处理后,C-O-H、C=O、O-C=O键的数量大大增加,润湿性能得到了显著提高。原棉织物的芯吸高度随着处理时间的增加而提高,当超过25s后,芯吸高度增加的量减小。当增加处理功率时,原棉织物的芯吸高度也随之增加。原棉织物的芯吸高度随着处理距离的增加而减小。纱线拉伸试验结果表明原棉纱线的拉伸强度在不同程度上随着等离子体处理时间的增加而增强。     

明胶制备吸水性树脂研究

利用溶液聚合法以明胶与丙稀酸接枝共聚制备高吸水性树脂并考察了树脂的吸水性能、吸盐水性能、吸乙醇性能、吸人工尿的性能、盐水浓度不同时的吸水性能及保水性能。高吸水性树脂的吸水倍率为480g／g,吸盐水倍率为69g／g。     

超吸水纤维的化学性能研究

合成了丙烯酸类超吸水纤维,分析了超吸水纤维在水、酸性溶液、碱性溶液及几种有机溶剂中的吸液能力和特点。结果表明超吸水纤维的吸水倍率达到90倍左右,耐水很好但不耐碱;超吸水纤维耐酸,但纤维在酸中的吸液倍率很低;超吸水纤维在有机溶剂中的吸液能力比在水中的吸水能力小许多。     

棉短绒非织造布吸油性能测试与评价

棉短绒属于天然纤维,纤维长度短,在纺织上的应用有限,但是其具有廉价、可降解的优势,因而在油液污染处理方面受到重视。以棉短绒为主体原料,利用针刺工艺制备棉短绒非织造布,以吸油倍率、保油率、芯吸高度3个指标评价棉短绒非织造布絮片对不同油液的吸油性能。结果发现,棉短绒非织造布吸油倍率在9.37~19.25 g/g,保油率在83.62%~98.84%,芯吸时间60 min时,基本达到稳定,表现出油液快速上升、缓慢爬升和芯吸高度稳定这3个阶段,非织造布经纬向及油液性能差异导致芯吸高度略有差异。     

吸水树脂吸液性能研究

为探究吸水树脂吸液性能的影响因素,首先借助扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪对吸水树脂的结构进行分析,然后研究了时间、温度对吸水树脂在水和模拟酸、碱汗液中吸液倍率、保水性能的影响,最后探讨了吸水树脂的重复吸液能力。结果表明:吸水树脂表面有大量凸起结构,具有较大比表面积,从而加快了其吸液速率;吸水树脂中含有亲水性酰胺基,其在去离子水和模拟酸、碱汗液中的最大吸液倍率分别约为265、50、50 g/g;影响吸水树脂吸液能力的主要因素是模拟汗液中钠离子的浓度,钠离子浓度越高其吸液能力越差,酸碱性、温度对最大吸液倍率影响较小,但温度对吸水树脂的吸液速率有影响,温度越高吸液速率越快;循环使用10次后,吸水树脂在模拟酸、碱汗液中的吸液率仍可达到87%以上。     

介质阻挡放电对水龙带增强层黏结性能的影响

针对水龙带增强层高强涤纶管状织物与三元乙丙橡胶内衬黏结性能差的问题,采用介质阻挡放电(DBD)等离子体对高强涤纶管状织物表面进行处理,研究了处理时间对纤维表面形貌和化学组成、丝束断裂强力、织物芯吸高度及剥离强度的影响。结果表明:经DBD等离子体处理后,高强涤纶表面产生明显的刻蚀痕迹,纤维表面极性官能团增加,织物芯吸高度增加,丝束断裂强力随处理时间的延长而下降;处理时间为60 s时,强度损失率为3.9%;处理后高强涤纶管状织物与三元乙丙橡胶内衬的黏结性能得到显著改善,处理时间为60 s时,剥离强度提升35.1%。     

几种废旧纤维材料的吸油性能

为了对比分析废旧纺织纤维的吸油性能,进而为废旧纤维在吸油材料领域的应用提供参考,选用废旧棉、亚麻、羊毛、丙纶为原料,测试吸油倍率、保油率,研究吸附时间、含油废水温度、废水含油量对纤维吸油倍率的影响。实验结果表明:纤维的形态结构对吸油能力影响大,4种废旧纤维中亚麻的吸油倍率最高,保油率最低;丙纶的吸油倍率最低,保油率最高;棉和羊毛的吸油倍率和保油率均居中。羊毛的吸油速率最快,吸附10 min达到吸油饱和,棉、亚麻、丙纶的吸附饱和时间为20 min。含油废水温度越低越利于纤维对油液的吸附,亚麻、棉和羊毛适合吸附含油量小于200 m L/L的含油废水,丙纶适合吸附小于100 m L/L的含油废水。     

Liquid sorption behaviour of nonwovens

In this paper, spunbond, meltblown and spunbond–meltblown–spunbond (SMS) nonwovens made from polypropylene are analysed for liquid transport behaviour. The thickness, grams per square metre (GSM), porosity, fibre diameter, fibre orientation distribution and water contact angles of these nonwovens are measured. Vertical wicking with decane using tensiometry and water absorbency and spreading using gravimetric absorbency tester are reported. The equivalent pore radii of the nonwovens are deduced from the vertical sorption experiments using tensiometry. The sorption rate under vertical wicking and water spreading rates are faster along machine direction compared with that in cross‐direction due to preferential fibre orientation. The thickness of the nonwoven, fibre diameter and porosity play a vital role in transporting liquid. Thin nonwovens have poor vertical wicking and spreading rate. SMS web has poor absorbency behaviour mainly due to the inability of its top S‐layer to pull the liquid from the middle M‐layer. The measured water spreading lengths with respect to time are compared to the theoretical ones using a model developed by earlier researchers. This model reasonably predicts the spreading behaviour of nonwovens.     

Fractal modeling for capillary flow through fiber bundle

Moisture transport in fiber assembly is one of the critical factors affecting physiological comfort. It is useful to model bundle structure for understanding capillary flow in complex geometries representative of the void spaces formed between fibers. This paper investigates the capillary rise in vertical fiber bundles. Regarding fiber bundles as a porous media, a mathematical model was developed by using a fractal analysis approach based on the fractal nature of pores in fiber assembly. The wicking height of the liquid in fiber bundles was derived as an exponent function of the wicking time, where the coefficients depend on microstructure parameters of capillary channels in fiber bundles, the surface tension of liquid, and contact angle between the liquid surface and the fiber. The predicted wicking heights are compared with the experimental data. Good agreement is found between the present model predictions and the experimental data. As the time approaches infinite, the predicted maximum wicking height is also found to be similar to that of classic mechanics model.     

空气喷射变形丝的芯吸效应

利用毛细管上升法和液滴吸收法研究了聚酯、黏胶、聚酰胺、聚酯/黏胶和聚酯/聚酰胺空气喷射变形丝的芯吸率和吸湿率。结果表明,空气变形后复丝的芯吸率提高。与聚酰胺和黏胶空气喷射变形丝相比,聚酯空气喷射变形丝显示出较大的芯吸率。黏胶空气喷射变形丝显示出最低的芯吸率。与同样的未变形丝相比,混合的空气喷射变形丝显示出较大的芯吸率。     

Study of wicking behavior of water on woven fabric using magnetic induction technique

An apparatus for measuring the wicking rise of water in fabrics has been developed and several types of fabrics were examined. The method is based on the electromagnetic field induction due to wicking penetration of water into capillary spaces of fabric samples. The measuring system is coupled with a personal computer, and the distance of water rise as a function of time is determined. Plain woven fabric samples with different weft yarn counts, density, and type of fiber in blend yarn were examined. The results obtained by wicking measurement were compared with water vapor permeability index data and the test method for wettability of textile fabrics on the same samples. The average wicking rise of water decreases with the increase of weft yarn density. The wicking of water along the cotton–polyester blend weft yarn is higher than 100% cotton weft yarn samples. The relation of water vapor permeability (WVP) index and the test method for wettability of the same fabric samples show the same behavior as the wicking rise. The equivalent geometric factor neglecting the Earth’s gravitational field is calculated by the average slope L ²/t from the experimental data of wicking of water into the samples. The radii of open channels in the woven fabric sample tends to decrease as a result of increasing weft yarn density.     

Design and development of non-woven medical product from Wrightia tinctoria fiber

This work aims at research on characterization of Wrightia tinctoria fiber, such as fiber content, fiber longitudinal view, cross-sectional view, fiber diameter, moisture content, SEM analysis, surface resistivity, swelling, and also mechanical properties of fiber, such as fiber strength, elongation, linear density, etc. The fiber was used to produce carded webs using the pilot carding machine from blends of Wrightia tinctoria fiber (W) with cotton (C), bamboo (B), and polyester (P) in the blend ratios of 25:75 and 50:50 for required GSM. The produced webs were bonded using spunlace bonding technique to produce required non-woven medical apparel. The produced nonwoven were tested for dressing mass and thickness, absorbency of wound dressing, the dehydration rate of dressing, wettability, vertical wicking, air permeability, potential of hydrogen, water vapor permeability, and anti-bacterial. The test results of the studies were investigated in detail and observed that the product development from Wrightia tinctoria fiber has immense potential for curing various skin diseases as revealed from the test results.     

纤维横截面对环锭纱和喷气纱织物舒适性的影响

描述了纤维横截面形状对涤棉和涤粘环锭纱织物及喷气纱织物的影响.纱线结构在影响衣服舒适性的众多因素中扮演着重要角色.事实证明用喷气纱制成的面料在透气性、透湿性和吸湿性方面优于环锭纱面料.非圆形截面的涤纶纤维制成的面料具有较好的透气性、导湿性、吸湿性、绝热性和芯吸性.除了绝热性能外涤粘混纺面料的其他各项性能均比涤棉混纺面料好.     

碎浆过程对OCC纤维及其成纸性能的影响

研究了碎浆过程中OCC纤维的物理化学性能及其成纸性能的变化。研究结果表明：随着碎解时间的增加,OCC纤维逐渐疏解成单根纤维,同时纤维也产生了一定程度的切断现象,纤维平均长度下降了4.35%;纤维表面出现不同程度的细纤维化;细小纤维重均含量增加了8.5%;保水值呈现增加趋势,最大提高了14.3%;碎浆处理对纤维结晶现象的影响不大。纸页抗张指数和撕裂指数分别提高了12%和22.2%。在碎浆过程中没有新的化学基团的产生,随着碎浆时间的增加纤维素分子间的氢键作用有所减弱。     

中空纤维面料的性能及其产品开发

分析中空纤维应用于服装面料的可行性,从保暖性和导湿性着手,结合中空纤维的结构特点,对各种面料保暖性和芯吸效应进行对比研究,从而开发出轻质、保暖性、导湿性好的中空纤维面料。     

Effect of preheat setting process on heat,mass and air transfer in plain socks

Socks are prevented against wrinkle formation by preheat setting in greige form prior to wet processing. The current study is proposed to analyze the effect of socks presetting process on thermopysiological and wicking properties of comfort. In this analysis, main yarn linear density, plaiting yarn composition and number of needles are taken as variable on same machine setting. Sock samples were analyzed for comfort parameters (thermal conductivity, thermal resistivity, thermal absorptivity, thermal diffusivity, relative water vapor permeability (RWVP (%)), evaporation resistance (Ret), air permeability, vertical wicking, absorbency and color strength (K/S) value) after various processes (preheat setting, dyeing and postheat setting). The statistical analysis showed that preheat set process significantly affects vertical wicking, K/S value, absorbency, thermal conductivity, thermal resistivity and thermal diffusivity, respectively. While thermal absorptivity, air permeability, porosity, RWVP (%) and R_et couldn’t show a significant impact.