白介素-1β对小鼠着床窗口期子宫内膜上皮细胞分泌基质金属蛋白酶-9及细胞黏附分子-1的影响

目的 研究白介素-1β（IL-1β）对小鼠着床窗口期子宫内膜上皮细胞分泌金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）及细胞黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）的影响.方法 离体培养着床窗口期小鼠子宫内膜上皮细胞,用IL-1β作为处理因素,通过免疫组织化学SP法对子宫内膜上皮细胞MMP-9、ICAM-1蛋白的表达进行检测.结果 随着IL-1β浓度的增加,原代培养的子宫内膜上皮细胞分泌MMP-9及ICAM-1表达量均呈浓度依赖性升高（P〈0.05）.结论 一定水平的IL-1β可以促进子宫内膜上皮细胞MMP-9及ICAM-1的分泌,有利于胚胎着床.     

着床期小鼠子宫内膜促血管生成素-2的表达

目的　检查促血管生成素- 2(Ang- 2)蛋白在小鼠着床期子宫内膜的分布及mRNA的表达,以探究Ang- 2基因表达在着床过程中的作用和生物学意义(OD)。　方法　取妊娠2、4、6和8 d的小鼠子宫内膜(蜕膜),运用免疫组织化学S P法和原位杂交技术,检测着床期子宫内膜中Ang- 2蛋白的表达及mRNA的转录水平。结合图像分析技术检测不同时期子宫内膜中Ang -2表达的平均光密度(OD)。　结果　结果显示,Ang 2特异性免疫反应产物在基质细胞及腔上皮细胞胞浆中表达,随着妊娠天数的增加,表达逐渐增强(P<0.01)。原位杂交显示,Ang- 2 mRNA自妊娠第2天起即表达于基质细胞和腺上皮;第4天血管壁胞浆中也出现阳性表达,且其表达强度在妊娠第 6、8 天时逐渐增加。平均 OD值具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。　结论　在小鼠妊娠过程中Ang- 2和Ang 2 mRNA在着床前小鼠子宫内膜中即开始表达,并随妊娠进程而表达增强,提示Ang 2基因在“胎 母”对话的信号传导过程中起调节作用。     

人输卵管积液对小鼠胚胎基质金属蛋白酶分泌的影响

目的探讨人输卵管积液对小鼠胚胎体外培养胚胎发育及着床能力的影响机制。方法收集人输卵管积液,小鼠促超排卵,自然受精后适时收集囊胚,并将其随机分配到含有不同浓度的输卵管积液的培养液中,进行体外培养,观察囊胚的发育,计算囊胚孵出率;采用逆转录聚合酶链反应及免疫印迹法测定囊胚和培养液中的基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子1(TIMP-1)的含量。结果输卵管积液组的囊胚孵出率低于无积液组,囊胚及培养液中的MMP-9和TIMP-1低于无积液组,并呈剂量依赖性,MMP-9/TIMP-1随积液浓度增加而降低。结论输卵管积液通过降低胚胎MMP-9/TIMP-1的分泌和影响胚胎早期发育潜能,从而影响胚胎着床的能力。     

丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂PI-9的研究进展

丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂-9(serine proteinase inhibitor9,PI-9)是丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的重要成员,也是目前发现的颗粒蛋白酶B(granzyme B,GrB)唯一的内源性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂.近年研究发现,PI-9能抑制GrB所致的靶细胞DNA断裂而阻断其诱导的细胞凋亡.在生理状况下,PI-9能阻止细胞毒淋巴细胞之间的相互攻击,维持机体免疫豁免部位的功能.近年研究发现PI-9还涉及-多种病理过程,诸如调节炎性介质反应,移植免疫应答及介导肿瘤免疫耐受等多种功能.     

丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂PI-9的研究进展

丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂-9(serine proteinase inhibitor9,PI-9)是丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的重要成员,也是目前发现的颗粒蛋白酶B(granzyme B,GrB)唯一的内源性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂.近年研究发现,PI-9能抑制GrB所致的靶细胞DNA断裂而阻断其诱导的细胞凋亡.在生理状况下,PI-9能阻止细胞毒淋巴细胞之间的相互攻击,维持机体免疫豁免部位的功能.近年研究发现PI-9还涉及-多种病理过程,诸如调节炎性介质反应,移植免疫应答及介导肿瘤免疫耐受等多种功能.     

丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂PI-9的研究进展

丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂-9(serine proteinase inhibitor9,PI-9)是丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的重要成员,也是目前发现的颗粒蛋白酶B(granzyme B,GrB)唯一的内源性丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂.近年研究发现,PI-9能抑制GrB所致的靶细胞DNA断裂而阻断其诱导的细胞凋亡.在生理状况下,PI-9能阻止细胞毒淋巴细胞之间的相互攻击,维持机体免疫豁免部位的功能.近年研究发现PI-9还涉及-多种病理过程,诸如调节炎性介质反应,移植免疫应答及介导肿瘤免疫耐受等多种功能.     

II型跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶与人类肿瘤

Ⅱ型跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶(TTSPs)属于S1类丝氨酸蛋白酶,表达在某些器官和肿瘤组织的细胞表面中.由于TISP家族定位于细胞表面的特征,具有潜在的降解细胞膜和细胞外基质的功能,从而有利于肿瘤细胞的扩散和转移.近年来,对TTSPs的功能研究在逐步深入.笔者从TTSPs的生物学功能出发,对其在人类肿瘤发生、发展过程中所起的作用进行综述.     

转化生长因子β1在不明原因不育症着床窗期子宫内膜的表达

目的　探讨转化生长因子 β1(TGFβ1)在月经周期子宫内膜组织的表达规律 ,了解其对子宫内膜着床窗期的作用以及与不明原因不育症的关系。　方法　应用免疫组织化学法检测TGFβ1在增殖期 (2 5例 )、分泌期 (2 9例 )子宫内膜、不明原因不育症着床窗期内膜 (12例 )的表达。　结果　TGFβ1在早、中增殖期腺体及间质细胞大多无表达或弱阳性 ,晚增殖期表达明显增加 ,与早、中增殖期相比 ,在腺上皮细胞胞浆染色显著增强 (P <0 .0 1)。TGFβ1在中分泌期内膜腺体和间质细胞胞浆表达丰富 ,与早分泌期比较均有明显增强 (P <0 .0 1)。在不明原因不育症着床窗期内膜间质细胞TGFβ1的表达强度较对照组显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。　结论　TGFβ1调节子宫内膜生长、分化 ,可能参与胚胎的着床过程。TGFβ1在不明原因不育症着床窗期表达下降 ,可能是导致不明原因不育症的重要原因之一。     

HtrA1丝氨酸蛋白酶在原发性肝癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)中HtrA1丝氨酸蛋白酶(HtrA1 serine protease)的表达水平及其与临床病理特征之间的关系.方法 采用实时荧光定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(Realtime-PCR)检测手术切除的肝细胞癌患者的肝癌组织标本及癌旁肝组织标本中HtrA1 mRNA的表达.结果 肝癌组织中HtrA1 mRNA值为1.2729±0.9911,癌旁组织中的HtrA1 mRNA值3.8667±2.8099,肝癌组织中 HtrA1 mRNA明显低于相应的癌旁肝组织中的表达(P=0.000).多因素Logistic回归分析显示HtrA1 mRNA表达,肝内外转移及包膜是影响肝癌静脉浸润的独立因素.结论 HtrA1在肝癌中的表达可望作为判断肝癌预后或转移复发的指标之一.     

丙型肝炎病毒NS3-4A蛋白酶靶向抗病毒治疗及耐药研究进展

丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）基因组的高度变异性使得HCV感染易呈慢性化,并极大地增加了肝硬化和肝癌的发病风险.效仿HIV蛋白酶抑制剂临床应用中取得的巨大成功,NS34A丝氨酸蛋白酶成为抗HCV感染小分子药物研发的重要靶点.此文围绕HCV NS3-4A蛋白酶抑制剂研发的最新进展、抗病毒活性、药代动力学特性、不良反应及抗药性突变进行了综述.     

Digital implantation

The digital implant is an excellent alternative to arthroplasty or fusion procedures, provided that all preoperative criteria are met. It appears to yield the best result with the fewest complications when inserted in a second or third toe at the proximal interphalangeal joint in a rectus foot type.     

Permanent pacemaker implantation after transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation

The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of permanent pacemaker implantation (PPMI) in a cohort of 358 patients undergoing transapical aortic valve implantation (TAVI) using a balloon-expandable prosthesis between April 2008 and March 2011. After excluding patients who had had a previous PPMI (n=36; 10%), the study group consisted of 322 patients. These were divided into two groups: patients who required PPMI (PPM group) and patients who did not require it (non-PPM group). Preoperative, perioperative and one-year follow-up data were collected prospectively. Twenty (6.2%) patients required PPMI. Previous implantation of an aortic prosthesis (P=non-significant), previous coronary artery bypass grafting (P=0.05) and coronary artery disease (P<0.005) were more common in the non-PPM group. On logistic regression, only patient age seemed to be correlated to PPMI (P=0.05, odds ratio 1.08; CI 0.9-1.1). There was no difference in survival rate between the groups after 30?days (PPM group 95%, non-PPM group 93.6%). Similarly, the survival rate did not differ after one year (PPM group 84%, non-PPM group 80.9%; P=0.3). The PPMI rate after transapical TAVI using a balloon-expandable prosthesis is thus low, and has no impact on early and follow-up mortality.     

Penile prosthesis implantation

The development of effective systemic therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction has resulted in a significant increase in the number of men presenting for treatment. Not all men with erectile dysfunction will respond to systemic therapy; those who fail may be candidates for penile prosthesis implantation if second and third lines of treatment also fail or are rejected by the patient and his partner. Penile prosthesis implantation continues to play a role in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. There is a potential for the number of penile prosthesis implantation procedures to actually increase. The ideal penile prosthesis is a three-piece inflatable device that permits good penile flaccidity and increases in size and becomes rigid with inflation.     

Autologous chondrocyte implantation

Rationale for the treatment of cartilage damage in younger patients depends on a thorough understanding of the predisposing factors for the chondrosis and the stage of disease. Implantation with autologous cultured chondrocytes allows for resurfacing of larger defect areas with reproducibly good/excellent results in 90% of patients with isolated lesions of the femoral condyle. Patellar lesions also may be successfully treated (approximately 75% improved) but strict attention must be given to correction of malalignment. Results in patients with tibial and salvage lesions are encouraging; however, these results should be viewed with caution due to the small number of patients with 2-year follow-up. Autologous chondrocyte implantation involves an open technique with the inherent disadvantages of adhesions and a more prolonged recovery. However, these disadvantages must be weighed against the procedure's ability to produce a hyaline-type tissue with greater durability than fibrocartilage repairs produced by traditional marrow-stimulation techniques. We recommended matching the treatment procedure to patient expectations and lesion/demographic characteristics. Based on the available literature. algorithms have been published that recommend autologous chondrocyte implantation be reserved as first-line treatment for high-demand patients with large lesions (>2 cm2) and as revision therapy in patients with lesions of all sizes, regardless of patient demand, who have failed alternative marrow stimulation techniques.     

Temporary ectopic implantation

Temporary ectopic implantation is a technique designed for extremity salvage in cases of devascularization or amputation of an essentially intact part in conjunction with extensive segmental proximal injury. A case of a traumatic midforearm amputation that survived by ectopic implantation in the abdominal wall, with subsequent replantation eleven weeks later, is presented.