Sb2O3表面改性研究

介绍Ｓｂ２Ｏ３ 表面改性，研究了改性剂和工艺对Ｓｂ２Ｏ３ 表面性能的影响。结果表明，在同一温度下，改性剂用量增加，接触角增大，在用量比达０－４ ～０－０６ ％ 时，效果最好，在改性剂用量比为０－０６ ％ ，反应温度９０ ℃时，在１０ ｍｉｎ 以下，改变最明显；接触角随反应温度的变化在８０ ～１００ ℃间最明显。改性Ｓｂ２Ｏ３ 使加有Ｓｂ２Ｏ３ 的ＰＶＣ 的断裂伸长率比加未改性Ｓｂ２Ｏ３ 的ＰＶＣ 有明显提高。     

Effect of Sb_2O_3 Replace V_2O_5 on the Electronic Property of V2O5–P2O5–Sb2O3–Bi2O3 Glass System

采用体积电阻率法、红外光谱、X射线衍射研究了V2O5–P2O5–Sb2O3–Bi2O3体系玻璃的电性能、结构和析晶状况。结果表明：随着Sb2O3取代部分V2O5,玻璃的体积电阻率显著升高,电子分别以V4＋和V5＋为中心不停地进行电子跃迁的电子导电特征得到明显抑制,15%Sb2O3、20%Sb2O3玻璃的体积电阻率可以达到实用水平。当Sb2O3取代V2O5进入钒酸盐玻璃中,玻璃结构得到增强,析晶状况得到改善,削弱了玻璃的导电能力。     

The characteristics of ZnO–Bi2O3-based varistor ceramics doped with Y2O3 and varying amounts of Sb2O3

ZnO–Bi₂O₃-based varistor samples doped with 0.45 mol% of Y₂O₃ and varying amounts of Sb₂O₃ in the range from 1.8 to 0.0 mol% were fired at 1230 °C. Only in the samples co-doped with Sb₂O₃ did doping with Y₂O₃ resulted in the formation of a fine-grained Bi–Zn–Sb–Y–O phase (the Y₂O₃-containing phase) at the grain boundaries, which very effectively hinders the grain growth. Despite of a decrease in the amount of added Sb₂O₃ from 1.8 to 0.45 mol% and a significant decrease in the amount of spinel phase the samples had a similar ZnO grain size and a threshold voltage of 200 V/mm. The results confirmed that doping with Y₂O₃ is a very promising route for the production of fine-grained high-voltage ZnO–Bi₂O₃-based varistor ceramics, and determining the proper amounts of added Sb₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ is of great importance.     

偶联剂表面改性Sb2O3的研究

研究了不同偶联剂表面改性Sb2O3的改性效果和条件,结果发现钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ-101的改性效果最佳,其最佳用量为1．0％与理论计算值相当;当改性时间大于30min,改性温度大于60℃,改性效果趋于稳定。     

纳米Sb2O3阻燃聚丙烯技术通过鉴定

由中国石化武汉石油化工厂与华中科技大学共同研制开发的纳米阻燃聚丙烯（PP）专用料技术，日前通过了湖北省组织的技术鉴定。专家们一致认为：该技术先进合理，具有原创性，实现了阻燃与增强、增韧的集成，达到了国际先进水平，有着广阔的市场应用前景。     

聚酯用催化剂Sb2O3的筛选

介绍了三种聚酯用催化剂Sb2O3在生产应用中的主要工艺数据并分析了其对产品质量及纺丝的影响，筛选出了满足杜邦聚酯装置工艺要求的最佳催化剂，并指出在聚酯装置催化剂应用和选择上的一些注意事项。     

Electrical properties of Sb and Cr-doped PbZrO3–PbTiO3–PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 ceramics

The pyroelectric, dielectric and DC resistive properties of Sb and Cr-doped ceramics with a base composition of Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)_0.025(Zr_0.825Ti_0.175)_0.975O₃ have been studied. Sb doping has been shown to produce a linear reduction in Curie temperature (T_C=−22z+294 °C) with concentration (z) and to give an increase in pyroelectric coefficient from 250 to 310 μCm⁻² K⁻¹ for z increasing from 0 to 3 at.%. It also produces first a reduction and then an increase in both dielectric constant and loss, so that the 33 Hz pyroelectric figures of merit (FOM's) are as follows: F_V peaks at 3.8×10⁻² m² C⁻¹ and F_D peaks at 1.2×10⁻⁵ Pa^−1/2. The resistivity is increased substantially from 1.1×10¹¹ to ca 6×10¹¹ Ωm with 1 at.% Sb, thereafter changing little. The behaviour has been explained in terms of Sb acting as a donor ion, reducing oxygen vacancy concentrations up to 1 at.%, with conductivity dominated by hole hopping between traps (E_a=0.59±0.05 eV) that are not changed by the Sb doping. It is concluded that additions of higher levels of Sb do not produce electron-mediated hopping conduction. The Cr additions have no effect upon T_C, but reduce dielectric constant and loss, pyroelectric coefficient and resistivity at doping levels up to 3 at.%. The FOM F_V peaks at 3.6×10⁻² m² C⁻¹ and F_D at 1.9×10⁻⁵ Pa^−1/2. The behaviour of the electrical resistivity as a function of dopant level is shown to produce a linear ln(σ_o) vs z^−1/3 dependence (σ_o=DC conductivity), as would be expected for hole hopping conduction between Cr³⁺ sites, with an E_a=0.38±0.03 eV.     

Dielectric Relaxation in CaO–Bi2O3–B2O3 Glasses

Glasses in the system CaO–Bi₂O₃–B₂O₃ (in molar ratio) have been prepared using melt-quenching route. Ion transport characteristics were investigated for this glass using electric modulus, ac conductivity and impedance measurements. The ac conductivity was rationalized using Almond–West power law. Dielectric relaxation has been analyzed based on the behavior of electric modulus behavior. The activation energy associated with the electrical relaxation determined from the electric modulus spectra was found to be 1.76 eV, close to that the activation energy for dc conductivity (1.71 eV) indicating that the same species took part in both the processes. The stretched exponent β (0.5–0.6) is invariant with temperature for the present glasses.     

Infrared GRIN GeS2–Sb2S3–CsCl chalcogenide glass–ceramics

Chalcogenide glasses show a unique potential for creating gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses, which would reduce the size and weight of infrared thermal imaging system and remain/improve its performance. Here, we propose a new method that forms a GRIN chalcogenide glass–ceramics (GCs) by creating low refractive index (n) CsCl nanocrystals within a high n GeS₂–Sb₂S₃ glass matrix. After specific gradient thermal treatment, the GRIN structure of Δn ∼ 0.04 was formed through the gradient precipitation of CsCl. This work would pave a new path to design the GRIN chalcogenide GCs through a selective crystallization of halide crystals with low n.     

纳米 Sb2O3/MMA原位乳液聚合研究

研究了纳米Sb2O3/MMA体系的原位乳液聚合反应，结果表明，纳米Sb2O3对MMA的聚合无阻聚作用，表面包覆的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯能有效地解决纳米粒子的团聚问题。     

Surface and bulk crystallization in Nd2O3–Al2O3–SiO2–TiO2 glasses

Neodymium aluminosilicate (Nd₂O₃–Al₂O₃–SiO₂; NdAS) glasses have been investigated for the effect of concentration of TiO₂ on the crystallization mechanism and for the effect of surface condition on crystal growth. NdAS glasses with 0–10 wt.% TiO₂ were heat-treated for nucleation and crystal growth and were examined for phase separation and morphology of surface crystals as well as for crystal growth rate. All the glasses exhibit surface crystallization, however, the glass having 8 wt.% TiO₂ also exhibits internal crystallization after a two-stage heat treatment. Surface crystallization was dependent on the condition of the glass surface and the amount of TiO₂. The crystal growth on the cut surface was faster than on the fractured surface and the growth rate in surface increased with increasing TiO₂. The phase separation found in NdAS glasses containing above 8 wt.% TiO₂, was confirmed to be an important factor controlling the internal crystallization process in Nd₂O₃–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–TiO₂ glasses.     

Sintering behavior of Cr2O3–Al2O3 ceramics

We investigated the sintering behavior of Cr₂O₃–Al₂O₃ ceramic materials. In our observation of the isothermal shrinkage behavior of Cr₂O₃–Al₂O₃ ceramic, the activation energy of sintering reaction was measured to be 102 kJ/mol, that is, the near value of the activation energy of diffusion of Al ions in Al₂O₃ single crystal. Therefore the diffusion of cations is believed to control the sintering behavior of this material. With the addition of TiO₂, (the compound chosen to accelerate the diffusion of cations) to Cr₂O₃–Al₂O₃, the sintering behavior was accelerated.     

Sb2O3–ZnO nanospindles: A potential material for photocatalytic and sensing applications

This paper reports the facile synthesis, characterization and applications of Sb₂O₃–ZnO nanospindles. The nanospindles were synthesized by facile diethanolammine assisted hydrothermal process and characterized in detail in terms of their morphological, structural, compositional and optical properties. The detailed characterizations revealed that the prepared nanoellipsoids are well-crystalline, grown in high density and possessing good optical properties. Further, the as-synthesized Sb₂O₃–ZnO nanospindles were found to be an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV light. Sb₂O₃–ZnO nanospindles were also used as an efficient electron mediator to fabricate a robust, highly sensitive and reproducible chemical sensor for the detection of thiourea in aqueous medium. The fabricated chemical sensor possesses high sensitivity of 6.54 µA mmol L⁻¹ cm⁻². The sensing calibration plot was found to be linear (R²=0.91423) over the large concentration range from 1.56 mmol L⁻¹ to 100 mmol L⁻¹. The obtained results confirmed that the Sb₂O₃–ZnO nanospindles may hold great potential for the removal of organic pollutants and for monitoring of thiourea in aqueous solution.     

高浓度水相Sb2O5胶体直接制备环己酮Sb2O5胶体

以体积质量浓度为60％的高浓度水相Sb2O5胶体为原料制备环已酮Sb2O5胶体。直接向该水相Sb2O5胶体中加入数种表面活性剂和环已酮，经过胶团在水中聚沉、胶团表面改性、胶团重新分散于环己酮等几个步骤生成环己酮Sb2O5胶体，原水相Sb2O5胶体中的水随之一起成胶。经试验，该胶体可以与聚氨酯以任意比例互相融合。     

A Significant Role of Tb2O3 on the Optical Properties and Radiation Shielding Performance of Ga2O3–B2O3–Al2O3–GeO2 Glasses

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - This research article focuses on the significant role of Tb2O3 content on the optical properties and radiation shielding performance...     

Stability in the system CaO–Al2O3–H2O

The solubility of AH₃, CAH₁₀, C₂AH_7.5, and C₃AH₆ was determined experimentally at 7 to 40 °C and up to 570 days. During the reaction of CA, at 20 °C and above initially C₂AH_7.5 formed which was unstable in the long-term. The solubility products calculated indicate that the solubilities of CAH₁₀, C₂AH_7.5 and C₄AH₁₉ increase with temperature while the solubility of C₃AH₆ decreases. Thus at temperatures above 20 °C, C₃AH₆ is stable, while at lower temperature also CAH₁₀ and C₄AH₁₉ are stable, depending on the C/A ratio.At early hydration times, CAH₁₀ can be stable initially at 30 °C and above, as the formation of amorphous AH₃ stabilises CAH₁₀ with respect to C₃AH₆ + 2AH₃. With time, as the solubility AH₃ decreases due to the formation of microcrystalline AH₃, CAH₁₀ becomes unstable at 20 °C and above.     

Thermal Stability and Crystallization Kinetics of MgO–Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2 Glasses

To support commercialization of the MgO–Al₂O₃–B₂O–SiO₂-based low-dielectric glass fibers, crystallization characteristics of the relevant glasses was investigated under various heat-treatment conditions. The study focused on the effects of iron on the related thermal properties and crystallization kinetics. Both air-cooled and nucleation-treated samples were characterized by using the differential thermal analysis/differential scanning calorimeter method between room temperature and 1200°C. A collected set of properties covers glass transition temperature (T_g), maximum crystallization temperature (T_p), specific heat (ΔC_p), enthalpy of crystallization (ΔH_cryst), and thermal stability (ΔT=T_p—T_g). Using the Kinssiger method, the activation energy of crystallization was determined. Crystalline phases in the samples having various thermal histories were determined using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and/or in situ high-temperature XRD method. Selective scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis provided evidence that crystal density in the glass is affected by the iron concentration. Glass network structures, for air-cooled and heat-treated samples, were examined using a midinfrared spectroscopic method. Combining all of the results from our study, iron in glass is believed to function as a nucleation agent enhancing crystal population density in the melt without altering a primary phase field. By comparing the XRD data of the glasses in two forms (bulk versus powder), the following conclusions can be reached. The low-dielectric glass melt in commercial operation should be resistant to crystallization above 1100°C. Microscopic amorphous phase separation, possibly a borate-enriched phase separating from the silicate-enriched continuous phase can occur only if the melt is held at temperatures below 1100°C, that is, below the glass immiscibility temperature. The study concludes that neither crystallization nor amorphous phase separation will be expected for drawing fibers between 1200°C and 1300°C in a commercial operation.     

Low-temperature sintering of 12Pb(Ni1/3Sb2/3)O3–40PbZrO3–48PbTiO3 with V2O5 and excess PbO additives

Low-temperature sintering of 12Pb(Ni_1/3Sb_2/3)O₃–40PbZrO₃–48PbTiO₃ (12PNS–40PZ–48PT) calcined powders with V₂O₅ and excess PbO additives has been investigated. Adding 0.20 to 0.40 wt.% V₂O₅ and 1.0 wt.% excess PbO to 12PNS–40PZ–48PT calcined powders and sintering at 950 °C for 4 h, the sintered samples only contain the perovskite structure. The calcined powders are doped with 3.0 wt.% excess PbO and 0.20 to 1.0 wt.% V₂O₅ and sintered at 950 °C for 4 h, the coexistence of both tetragonal and rhombohedral phases with the minor phase of pyrochlore is observed. During the calcined powders contain 1.0 wt.% excess PbO and are sintered at 950 to 975 °C for 2 h, the bulk density decreases with V₂O₅ addition greater than 0.6 wt.%. When the calcined powders with 3.0 wt.% excess PbO are sintered at 900 to 975 °C for 2 h, the bulk density decreases with added V₂O₅ content increased. The values of the planar coupling coefficient (K_p) approach the maxima, namely, 0.51 obtained for the compacts containing 0.40 wt.% V₂O₅ and 1.0 wt.% excess PbO and sintered at 950 °C. As the calcined powders are added with 3.0 wt.% excess PbO and 0.80 wt.% V₂O₅ and sintered at 975 °C for 2 h, the maximum Q_m value 1100 is obtained.     

ABS/纳米Sb2O3复合材料阻燃性能研究

采用均匀试验设计方法分别探讨了纳米Sb2O3和微米Sb2O3对ABS／PVC／PE—C／Al(OH)3复合材料阻燃性能及力学性能的影响,并用SPSS软件对试验结果进行了回归分析。结果表明,纳米Sb2O3的阻燃效果明显优于微米Sb2O3,当ABS、PVC、PE-C、Al(OH)3和纳米Sb2O3的配比为100：60：9：35：4时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度为20．0kJ／m^2,拉伸强度为34、68MPa;维卡软化温度为101．2℃;氧指数为33．25％,水平燃烧达到Ⅰ级,垂直燃烧达到FV—0级;综合性能较好。