以MNNG刺激GES-1细胞构建上皮间充质化细胞模型

[目的]探究N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基(N-methy-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine,MNNG)刺激胃黏膜上皮细胞GES-1构建上皮间充质化(EMT)细胞模型及其机制。[方法]用MNNG不同的浓度梯度处理GES-1细胞,光学显微镜观察细胞形态变化;CCK8检测MNNG体外处理GES-1后MNNG对GES-1细胞增殖的影响;Transwell检测细胞的迁移和侵袭能力;实时荧光定量PCR法和Western印迹法检测MNNG刺激GES-1细胞前后与EMT相关的钙粘蛋白(N-cadherin)和转录因子(Snail,Twist)的mRNA及蛋白水平的表达。RT-PCR检测STAT3抑制剂WP1066组与MNNG处理组N-cadherin及Twist的mRNA的变化,同时用Western印迹法检测STAT3/Snail信号通路中p-STAT3、STAT3及Snail的蛋白水平的变化。[结果]MNNG刺激胃黏膜上皮细胞GES-1的EMT化的最佳浓度为0.4μmol/L;刺激后的GES-1细胞变形,边界模糊,并呈岛样生长;最佳浓度的MNNG能明显促进GES-1细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭;细胞内N-cadherin、Snail、Twist的mRNA表达及蛋白表达明显上调(P0.05),STAT3和P-STAT3的蛋白表达亦上调;STAT3抑制剂WP1066处理后P-STAT3及Snail蛋白表达均下调,N-cadherin及Twist的mRNA水平亦明显下调(P0.05)。[结论]MNNG可能通过STAT3/Snail信号通路刺激GES-1细胞,增加与EMT相关蛋白(N-cadherin)及转录因子(Snail,Twist)mRNA和蛋白的表达,成功构建了体外人胃黏膜细胞上皮间充质化模型。     

SNHG3调控miR-186-5p/ZEB1促进肝癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化的机制研究

［摘要］　目的　探究SNHG3调控miR-186-5p/E盒结合锌指蛋白1（ZEB1）促进肝癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化（EMT）的机制。方法　在HepG2细胞中转染siRNA干扰片段敲除SNHG3、转染pcDNA3.1(+)/SNHG3使SNHG3过表达,通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（FQ-PCR）检测是否转染成功。克隆形成实验检测HepG2细胞增殖,细胞划痕实验检测HepG2细胞迁移率,Transwell小室实验检测HepG2细胞侵袭数量,双荧光素酶活性检测验证SNHG3与miR-186-5p、miR-186-5p与ZEB1的靶向关系,FQ-PCR和Western blot法检测SNHG3、ZEB1、E-cadherin、N-cadherin、MMP-2、vimentin、MMP-9、Snail的表达水平。结果　肝癌组织中SNHG3表达量高于正常组织,SNHG3表达量低/中的肝癌患者的生存预后优于SNHG3表达量高的肝癌患者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。克隆形成实验结果显示,与pcDNA3.1(+)组相比,pcDNA3.1(+)/SNHG3组HepG2细胞增殖数量显著增加（P<0.05）。细胞划痕实验结果显示,pcDNA3.1(+)/SNHG3组HepG2细胞迁移率显著高于pcDNA3.1(+)组（P<0.05）。Transwell小室实验结果显示,pcDNA3.1(+)/SNHG3组HepG2细胞侵袭数量显著高于pcDNA3.1(+)组（P<0.05）。双荧光素酶活性检测结果显示,miR-186-5p mimic和pGL6-SNHG3-WT共转染后,荧光素酶活性低于其他组,miR-186-5p mimic和pGL6-ZEB1-WT共转染后,荧光素酶活性低于其他组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。FQ-PCR和Western blot检测结果显示,当SNHG3过表达时,E-cadherin mRNA和蛋白相对表达量显著下调,N-cadherin、MMP-2、vimentin、MMP-9和Snail mRNA和蛋白相对表达量以及ZEB1蛋白相对表达量显著上调;当SNHG3敲除后,E-cadherin mRNA和蛋白相对表达量显著上调,N-cadherin、MMP-2、vimentin、MMP-9和Snail mRNA和蛋白相对表达量以及ZEB1蛋白相对表达量显著下调,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　SNHG3调控miR-186-5p/ZEB1可促进肝癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和EMT,表明SNHG3是肝癌潜在的治疗靶点。     

花姜酮对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞侵袭及CXCR4表达的影响

目的研究花姜酮对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞生长侵袭能力的影响及对CXCR4 mRNA和蛋白表达的影响,探讨花姜酮抗肝癌侵袭可能的作用机制。方法分别应用花姜酮10μmol/L、20μmol/L处理人肝癌细胞,采用Transwell小室检测肝癌细胞的侵袭能力,RT-PCR、Western blotting实验检测CXCR4 mRNA及蛋白表达的变化。结果花姜酮处理人肝癌细胞48 h后,对照组细胞透膜数为(56.8±7.8)个/视野,10μmol/L组透膜数为(41.4±4.8)个/视野,20μmol/L组透膜数为(23.2±5.6)个/视野,随花姜酮浓度增加,细胞侵袭人工基底膜的能力显著降低(P<0.05),RT-PCR及Western blotting结果显示CXCR4 mRNA及蛋白表达随花姜酮浓度的增加而降低(P<0.05)。结论花姜酮可能通过降低CXCR4的表达抑制人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的生长和侵袭能力。     

干预胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ型受体活化联合抗癌药物抑制肝癌细胞增殖的协同作用分析

目的探讨干预胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ型受体(IGF-ⅠR)基因转录,对抑制肝癌细胞增殖药物的协同作用。方法以p GPU6/GFP/Neo-IGF-ⅠR-shRNA高效质粒,转染IGF-ⅠR高表达的HBV阳性肝癌细胞PLC/PRF/5和HBV阴性Bel-7404,设空白对照组、阴性对照组和IGF-ⅠR-shRNA干预组;以荧光定量逆转录PCR和Western Blot分析RNA和蛋白表达;以细胞计数试剂盒分析细胞增殖;以流式细胞术、Annexin-V-PE/7-ADD分析细胞周期与凋亡。计量资料组间比较采用t检验,计数资料组间比较采用Fisher确切概率法。结果 IGF-ⅠR shRNA转染肝癌细胞PLC/PRF/5效率为71%、肝癌细胞Bel-7404为90%,2种肝癌细胞IGF-ⅠR在mRNA和蛋白表达水平上同步减少;干预组细胞较阴性对照组均明显抑制,2组间肝癌细胞Bel-7404 72h时抑制率比较差异有统计学意义[(61.5±1.7)%vs(11.2±0.9)%,t=5.493,P0.05],2组间肝癌细胞PLC/PRF/5 72 h时抑制率比较差异有统计学意义[(63.9±3.9)%vs(9.5±1.1)%,t=19.244,P0.001]。干预组肝癌细胞Bel-7404凋亡率显著高于空白对照组(35.96%vs 12.16%,P0.001)和阴性对照组(35.96%vs 9.43%,P0.001),干预组肝癌细胞PLC/PRF/5凋亡率显著高于空白对照组(44.84%vs 6.62%,P0.001)和阴性对照组(44.84%vs 4.02%,P0.001);干预组肝癌细胞Bel-7404和PLC/PRF/5 G0/G1期百分率均明显高于阴性对照组[(59.0±1.3)%vs(48.4±0.8)%,t=12.032,P0.001;(65.4±0.5)%vs(53.5±0.7)%,t=22.789,P0.001)];干预组肝癌细胞Bel-7404和PLC/PRF/5周期蛋白cyclin D1表达均明显低于阴性对照组[(59.6±4.7)%vs(90.0±3.4)%,t=7.389,P0.05;(39.9±0.5)%vs(90.2±14.6)%,t=4.876,P0.05)];肝癌细胞Bel-7404和PLC/PRF/5干预组与阴性对照组在索拉非尼浓度分别为0、2.5、5、10、20 nmol/L和奥沙利铂浓度分别为0、5、10、20和40μmol/L时的光密度值比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。结论下调IGF-ⅠR基因转录,具有抑制肝癌细胞增殖、改善药物敏感性的协同作用。     

HBx、Twist、E-cadherin及N-cadherin在肝细胞肝癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨HBx、Twist、E-cadherin及N-cadherin在肝细胞肝癌中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学法检测72例HBsAg阳性的肝细胞肝癌组织及癌旁组织中HBx、Twist、E-cadherin及N-cadherin的表达,并与临床病理资料做对照分析。结果HCC组织中HBx、Twist、E-cadherin及N-cadherin的阳性表达率分别为84.7%、80.6%、52.8%和45.8%,而癌旁组织的阳性表达率分别为81.9%、51.4%、70.8%和27.8%。除HBx外,后三种蛋白在肝癌组织及癌旁组织的表达差异均有显著性（P〈0.05）。HBx、Twist和N-cadherin的表达升高及E-cadherin表达下降分别与有无门脉癌栓和肝外是否转移相关（P〈0.05）;HBx的表达分别与Twist和N-cadherin的表达呈正相关（P〈0.05）;HBx、Twist和N-cadherin的表达则分别与E-cadherin的表达呈负相关（P〈0.05）。结论HBx、Twist和N-cadherin的高表达以及E-cadherin的低表达与肝癌的侵袭和转移有密切关系,HBx可能通过上调Twist而促进肝癌细胞的上皮—间质转化（EMT）改变。     

miR-200c靶向ZEB1/ZEB2增加胃癌曲妥珠单抗化疗敏感性的作用机制研究

[目的]探讨微小RNA-200c(miR-200c)靶向ZEB1/ZEB2增加胃癌曲妥珠单抗化疗敏感性的作用机制。[方法]体外培养人胃癌细胞NCI-N87细胞,诱导曲妥珠单抗耐药细胞株(NCI-N87/TR),检测不同状态下细胞中miR-200c mRNA表达,用不同浓度的曲妥珠单抗进行干预,检测细胞增殖率,计算半数抑制浓度(IC50),同时检测伤口愈合率和侵袭细胞数,测定ZEB1、ZEB2、N-cadherin和E-cadherin蛋白的表达水平。[结果]NCI-N87/TR细胞中miR-200c mRNA的表达水平较NCI-N87细胞降低,NCI-N87/TR细胞转染miR-200c mimic后可以显著提高NCI-N87/TR细胞中miR-200c mRNA的表达水平,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在0～400μg/mL浓度范围内,曲妥珠单抗对NCI-N87细胞的增殖均有抑制作用,NCI-N87/TR细胞对曲妥珠单抗的敏感性降低。NCI-N87细胞、NCI-N87/TR细胞、NC对照组和miR-200c mimic组的IC_(50)分别为8.64μg/mL、244.64μg/mL、237.84μg/mL和14.67μg/mL,转染miR-200c mimic增加了NCI-N87/TR细胞对曲妥珠单抗的敏感性。与NC对照组比较,miR-200c mimic组NCI-N87/TR细胞伤口愈合率、侵袭细胞数和ZEB1、ZEB2、N-cadherin蛋白表达水平显著降低,E-cadherin蛋白表达水平显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]ZEB1/ZEB2在胃癌NCI-N87/TR细胞曲妥珠单抗耐药过程中发挥重要作用,而miR-200c过度会使ZEB1/ZEB2的表达增加,增加NCI-N87/TR细胞对曲妥珠单抗的敏感性。     

同型半胱氨酸通过影响Ang-1和Survivin表达改变血管内皮通透性

目的 探讨同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)的升高对血管内皮细胞层通透性的影响及其对正促血管生成素(Ang)-1和生存素Survivin表达的影响。方法 实验分为对照组(0μmol/L)及3种浓度的Hcy处理组(Hcy终浓度分别为5、25、50μmol/L)。Transwell上层种植细胞,Hcy处理细胞24 h后,收集transwell下层溶液利用考马斯亮蓝法检测下层泄露蛋白量以验证细胞层通透性的变化。收集Hcy处理后的细胞,利用Western印迹检测Ang-1和Survivin表达量的改变。结果 Hcy 5μmol/L组细胞层通透性与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。Hcy 25μmol/L组细胞层通透性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Hcy 50μmol/L组的细胞层通透性显著高于对照组、Hcy 5μmol/L组、Hcy 25μmol/L组(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,Hcy 5、25μmol/L组细胞Ang-1和Survivin表达量均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。Hcy 50μmol/L组细胞Ang-1表达量显著低于对照组、Hcy 5、25μmol/L组(P...     

高转移肝癌MHCC97细胞中Twist基因变化与Wnt信号传导通路的关系

目的研究高转移肝癌MHCC97细胞中Twist基因表达与Wnt信号通路的关系。方法取对数生长期MHCC97细胞分为五组,A、B组分别加入0.05 mol/L氯化锂分别培养12、24 h,C、D组予0.1 mol/L氯化锂分别培养12、24 h激活Wnt通路,E组不干预。采用RT-PCR和荧光定量PCR方法观察各组Twist mRNA表达情况。结果两种检测方法均显示Twist mRNA在A、B、C、D组表达均明显高于E组,P〈0.05;A、B组,C、D组,A、C组,B、D组间比较,P均〉0.05。结论MHCC97细胞中Wnt通路激活后Twist基因表达明显升高未激活,即Twist基因表达与Wnt信号传导通路激活关系密切,Wnt传导通路激活与氯化锂浓度及作用时间无明显相关性。     

低剂量长期砷暴露对HaCat细胞增殖及凋亡水平的影响

目的探讨低剂量长期砷暴露对HaCat细胞增殖及凋亡水平的影响。方法 HaCat细胞暴露于浓度为0、0.05、0.10μmol/L的NaAsO215周后,用直接细胞计数法计数对照组及染砷组细胞数,检测细胞增殖水平;用流式细胞仪测定10 000个细胞的细胞凋亡发生水平。结果各染砷组细胞增殖速率与对照组相比均显著增高(P<0.05),且0.10μmol/L组细胞增殖率(245.00±8.66)%显著高于0.05μmol/L组(165.00±15.00)%(P<0.05),细胞增殖水平与染砷剂量间呈显著剂量-效应关系;0.05μmol/L组(0.28±0.08)%及0.10μmol/L组(0.34±0.09)%细胞凋亡率均明显低于对照组(0.74±0.18)%(P<0.05)。结论长期低剂量砷暴露可使HaCat细胞的增殖能力明显增强,并诱导细胞凋亡率显著降低。     

盐酸羟考酮通过JNK/p38MAPK信号通路调控异丙肾上腺素诱导的心肌细胞凋亡的机制

目的探究盐酸羟考酮对异丙肾上腺素(ISO)诱导的心肌细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法体外培养心肌细胞H9c2,设置对照组、ISO组、盐酸羟考酮1μmol/L组、盐酸羟考酮5μmol/L组、盐酸羟考酮10μmol/L组、ISO+SB203580〔c-Jun氨基末端激酶/p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(JNK/p38MAPK)信号通路阻断剂〕组。噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测心肌细胞存活率;流式细胞学法检测各组心肌细胞的凋亡率;Western印迹检测心肌细胞的B淋巴细胞瘤(Bcl)-2、B淋巴细胞瘤-2相关蛋白(Bax)及JNK/p38MAPK信号通路相关蛋白的表达;测定培养细胞上清液乳脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)含量。结果与对照组比较,ISO组心肌细胞存活率降低,各给药组心肌细胞存活率明显升高(P<0.05);与对照组比较,ISO组心肌细胞的凋亡率明显升高(P<0.05),而盐酸羟考酮可显著降低细胞凋亡率(P<0.05);与ISO组比较,盐酸羟考酮10μmol/L组LDH、CK水平及Bax、磷酸化(p)-JNK、p-p38MAPK表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),Bcl-2表达水平显著升高(P<0.05);阻断JNK/p38MAPK信号通路可显著增加细胞存活率(P<0.05),降低细胞凋亡率(P<0.05),促进Bcl-2表达(P<0.05),而抑制Bax表达(P<0.05)。结论盐酸羟考酮对ISO诱导的心肌细胞损伤具有抗凋亡作用,其作用机制可能与抑制JNK/p38MAPK信号通路的活化有关。     

姜黄素对NASH肝细胞凋亡及JNK信号通路的影响

目的:探讨姜黄素对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的抗肝细胞凋亡作用及其对JNK信号通路的影响。方法:将HL-7702细胞分为对照组、模型组、低剂量治疗组及高剂量治疗组,对照组予普通培养液培养,模型组培养液中加入浓度为1.0 mmol/L的游离脂肪酸(FFA)诱导NASH模型,高、低剂量治疗组在模型组的基础上分别加入浓度为10μmol/L、20μmol/L的姜黄素干预,48 h后采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,Western Blot法检测p-JNK蛋白的表达情况。结果:模型组肝细胞的早期及总凋亡率均明显高于对照组(均P<0.05),高、低剂量治疗组与模型组相比,肝细胞早期及总凋亡率均明显降低(均P<0.05)。模型组肝细胞的p-JNK蛋白表达明显高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗组的p-JNK表达较模型组显著下降(P<0.05),且呈剂量相关。结论:姜黄素可抑制JNK的活化,这可能是其抗细胞凋亡、延缓NASH进展的机制之一。     

Concomitant inhibition of DNA methyltransferase and BCL-2 protein function synergistically induce mitochondrial apoptosis in acute myelogenous leukemia cells

DNA methylation and BLC-2 are potential therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We investigated pharmacologic interaction between the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) and the BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-737. Increased BCL-2 expression determined by reverse phase protein analysis was associated with poor survival in AML patients with unfavorable cytogenetics (n?=?195). We found that 5-AZA, which itself has modest apoptotic activity, acts synergistically with ABT-737 to induce apoptosis. The 5-AZA/ABT-737 combination enhanced mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, as evidenced by effective conformational activation of BAX and ?ψ_m loss. Although absence of p53 limited apoptotic activities of 5-AZA and ABT-737 as single agents, the combination synergistically induced apoptosis independent of p53 expression. 5-AZA down-regulated MCL-1, known to mediate resistance to ABT-737, in a p53-independent manner. The 5-AZA/ABT-737 combination synergistically induced apoptosis in AML cells in seven of eight patients. 5-AZA significantly reduced MCL-1 levels in two of three samples examined. Our data provide a molecular rationale for this combination strategy in AML therapy.     

ABT-737 is highly effective against molecular subgroups of multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy that is heterogeneous with respect to its causative molecular abnormalities and the treatment response of patients. The Bcl-2 protein family is critical for myeloma cell survival. ABT-737 is a cell-permeant compound that binds to Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) but not to Mcl-1. Using a myeloma cell line collection (n = 25) representative of different molecular translocations, we showed that ABT-737 effectively kills a subset of cell lines (n = 6), with a median lethal dose ranging from 7 ± 0.4 nM to 150 ± 7.5 nM. Of interest, all sensitive cell lines harbored a t(11;14). We demonstrated that ABT-737-sensitive and ABT-737-resistant cell lines could be differentiated by the BCL2/MCL1 expression ratio. A screen of a public expression database of myeloma patients indicates that the BCL2/MCL1 ratio of t(11;14) and hyperdiploid patients was significantly higher than in all other groups (P < .001). ABT-737 first induced the disruption of Bcl-2/Bax, Bcl-2/Bik, or Bcl-2/Puma complexes, followed by the disruption of Bcl-2 heterodimers with Bak and Bim. Altogether, the identification of a subset of cell lines and primary cells effectively killed by ABT-737 alone supported the evaluation of ABT-263, an orally active counterpart to ABT-737, for the treatment of t(11;14) and hyperdiploid groups of myeloma harboring a Bcl-2(high)/Mcl-1(low) profile.     

Bcl-2, Bcl-x(L), and Bcl-w are not equivalent targets of ABT-737 and navitoclax (ABT-263) in lymphoid and leukemic cells

The BH3-mimetic ABT-737 and an orally bioavailable compound of the same class, navitoclax (ABT-263), have shown promising antitumor efficacy in preclinical and early clinical studies. Although both drugs avidly bind Bcl-2, Bcl-x(L), and Bcl-w in vitro, we find that Bcl-2 is the critical target in vivo, suggesting that patients with tumors overexpressing Bcl-2 will probably benefit. In human non-Hodgkin lymphomas, high expression of Bcl-2 but not Bcl-x(L) predicted sensitivity to ABT-263. Moreover, we show that increasing Bcl-2 sensitized normal and transformed lymphoid cells to ABT-737 by elevating proapoptotic Bim. In striking contrast, increasing Bcl-x(L) or Bcl-w conferred robust resistance to ABT-737, despite also increasing Bim. Cell-based protein redistribution assays unexpectedly revealed that ABT-737 disrupts Bcl-2/Bim complexes more readily than Bcl-x(L)/Bim or Bcl-w/Bim complexes. These results have profound implications for how BH3-mimetics induce apoptosis and how the use of these compounds can be optimized for treating lymphoid malignancies.     

Distribution of Bim determines Mcl-1 dependence or codependence with Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 in Mcl-1-expressing myeloma cells

Dependence on Bcl-2 proteins is a common feature of cancer cells and provides a therapeutic opportunity. ABT-737 is an antagonist of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins and therefore is a good predictor of Bcl-x(L)/Bcl-2 dependence. Surprisingly, analysis of Mcl-1-dependent multiple myeloma cell lines revealed codependence on Bcl-2/Bcl-x(L) in half the cells tested. Codependence is not predicted by the expression level of antiapoptotic proteins, rather through interactions with Bim. Consistent with these findings, acquired resistance to ABT-737 results in loss of codependence through redistribution of Bim to Mcl-1. Overall, these results suggest that complex interactions, and not simply expression patterns of Bcl-2 proteins, need to be investigated to understand Bcl-2 dependence and how to better use agents, such as ABT-737.     

ABT-737 is a useful component of combinatory chemotherapies for chronic myeloid leukaemias with diverse drug-resistance mechanisms

The effect of ABT-737, a BH3-mimicking inhibitor for anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-X_L, but not Mcl-1, against Bcr-Abl-positive (Bcr-Abl⁺) leukaemic cells was examined. ABT-737 potently induced apoptosis in Bcr-Abl⁺ chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) cell lines and primary CML samples in vitro and prolonged the survival of mice xenografted with BV173 cells, a CML cell line. Higher expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins reduced cell killing by ABT-737 in each cell line, but there was no correlation between the sensitivities to ABT-737 and the specific expression patterns of Bcl-2 family proteins among cell lines. Thus, the cell killing effect of ABT-737 must be determined not only by the expression patterns of Bcl-2 family proteins but also by other mechanisms, such as high expression of Bcr-Abl, or a drug-efflux pump, in CML cells. ABT-737 augmented the cell killing effect of imatinib in Bcr-Abl⁺ cells with diverse drug-resistance mechanisms unless leukaemic cells harboured imatinib-insensitive Abl kinase domain mutations, such as T315I. The combination of homoharringtonine that reduces Mcl-1 enhanced the killing by ABT-737 strongly in Bcr-Abl⁺ cells even with T315I mutation. These results suggest that ABT-737 is a useful component of chemotherapies for CML with diverse drug-resistance mechanisms.     

Norcantharidin combined with ABT-737 for hepatocellular carcinoma: Therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms

AIM: To study the therapeutic effect of norcantharidin(NCTD) combined with ABT-737 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the molecular mechanism. METHODS: Two hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell lines, Hep G2 and SMMC-7721, were selected. ABT-737 and NCTD were allocated into groups to be used alone or in combination. Hep G2 and SMMC-7721 cells were cultured in vitro. Liver cancer cells in the logarithmic phase of growth were vaccinated and cultured to the cell wall stage; these cells were treated for 48 h with different concentrations of NCTD, or ABT-737, or NCTD combined with ABT-737. The cell proliferation inhibition rate was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium. The expression of Mcl in HCC cells was detected by Western Blotting, and the cells in each group after treatment had apoptosis detected by flow cytometry. The proliferation inhibition rate, the expression of Mcl-1 in cells and the apoptosis inducing effect of treatment were observed in each group, and the effect of NCTD on ABT-737 in the treatment of HCC and its mechanism of action were analyzed.RESULTS: As the concentration of NCTD increased, the cell proliferation inhibition rate gradually decreased; and the treatment effect of ABT-737 1-3 μm combined with NCTD on cell proliferation inhibition was stronger than that of ABT-737 alone. The difference was statistically significant(P 0.05). In observing the expression of Mcl-1 in cells after the treatment of different concentrations of NCTD, this was partiallyinhibited after treatment with NCTD 15 μm, and the expression of Mcl-1 was almost undetectable after treatment with NCTD 30 μm and 60 μm. The effect on inducing apoptosis with the treatment of ABT-737 or NCTD alone for 48 h was lower than that of the control group. The difference was not statistically significant(P 0.05). The effect on inducing apoptosis in Hep G2 and SMMC-7721 cells with the treatment of ABT-737 combined with NCTD for 48 h was greater than that of ABT-737 or NCTD alone. The difference was statistically significant(P 0.05). CONCLUSION: NCTD combined with ABT-737 has a positive role in the treatment of HCC, and it has great value in clinical research.     

Activity of vincristine, L-ASP, and dexamethasone against acute lymphoblastic leukemia is enhanced by the BH3-mimetic ABT-737 in vitro and in vivo

Defects in apoptosis signaling contribute to poor outcome in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and overexpression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 (Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L)) family proteins has been observed in ALL. ABT-737 is a small-molecule BH3-mimetic that inhibits the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of ABT-737 in combination with vincristine, dexamethasone, and L-asparaginase (VXL) in 7 ALL cell lines. Multilog synergistic cytotoxicity was observed in all 7 cell lines with ABT-737 plus L-asparaginase or vincristine, and in 5 of 7 cell lines with ABT-737 plus dexamethasone or VXL. In leukemia cells, but not in normal lymphocytes, ABT-737 plus L-asparaginase induced greater mitochondrial depolarization (JC-1 staining); mitochondrial cytochrome c release; activation of Bax, Bid, and caspases (immunoblotting); and eventually apoptosis (annexin V staining) than did either drug alone. In mouse xenografts derived from patients with ALL at diagnosis (ALL-7) or at relapse (ALL-19), event-free survival (EFS) was significantly enhanced with ABT-737 plus VXL relative to VXL or ABT-737 alone (P 相似文献