肝静脉造影测压在肝小静脉闭塞病中的应用价值

 目的 探讨肝静脉造影下检测肝静脉楔压(WHVP)、肝静脉自由压(FHVP)和肝静脉压力梯度(HVPG)在诊断肝小静脉闭塞病(hepatic veno-occlusive disease,VOD)中的应用价值. 方法我科从2003年8月～2006年8月共收治6例VOD患者,3例服用过"土三七",2例服用过"不明中药",1例病因不明.病程18 d～5个月.6例均有肝大和大量顽固性腹水,血清学检查肝炎标记物阴性,肝功能异常,心脏多普勒超声及肝静脉、下腔静脉造影检查无明确支持依据.因患者均有大量腹水而行肝穿活检.为明确诊断,对该6例行肝静脉造影及WHVP和FHVP检测,并以此计算出HVPG.结果 6例经肝静脉造影后测压,WHVP值为29.4～39.0 mmHg平均36.0 mmHg;FHVP值为:16.1～22.0 mmHg,平均为19.4 mmHg; HVPG值为:13.2～19.2 mmHg,平均16.4 mmHg.结论 对可疑VOD患者经静脉插管测定WHVP、FHAP和HVPG检测有助于VOD的明确诊断,且经济、方便、可靠性强,值得推广.     

多排螺旋CT诊断肝血管瘤及肝脏肿瘤的临床价值

目的探讨CT鉴别诊断肝脏血管瘤和肝脏肿瘤在临床应用价值。方法选择68例患者按自身情况划分成Pc(原发性肝癌)组、Ml(肝脏转移瘤)组和Lh(肝血管瘤)组。对病患整个肝脏进行灌注CT检查,对比分析占位病灶实质部分、周边实质区和正常肝脏实质灌注参数(HBF、HBV、MTT、PS、HAF)。结果病变实质区参数,Pc组中HBF和HAF相比其他两组显著较高;Pc组和Lh组进行比较发现Ml组HBV显然要高;Pc组MTT相比其他两组都要短。病变周边实质区参数,Pc组和Ml组HBF相比Lh组都要显著高一些,Pc组和Ml组HAF相比Lh组要低。Ml组PS相比其他两组要更高一些。正常的肝脏实质参数,Pc组病患的MTT相比其他两组更短;Pc组HAF相比另外两个组要显著增高一些。结论使用CT灌注成像获得的参数值针对肝血管瘤和肝脏肿瘤进行鉴别诊断。     

Intermittent hepatic artery antibiotic infusion therapy for pyogenic hepatic abscess

Purpose: To study the efficacy and problems associated with intermittent hepatic artery antibiotic infusion therapy for pyogenic hepatic abscess.

Material and Methods: The material comprised eight patients with pyogenic hepatic abscess in whom percutaneous drainage could not be performed and intravenous administration of antibiotics was ineffective. An injection catheter was introduced into the common hepatic artery. Almost the same dose of antibiotics as with intravenous administration was infused intra-arterially 2-4 times per day.

Results: A therapeutic effect was achieved in six of the eight cases. In these 6 cases, the mean period of intra-arterial infusion was 10.8 days, while the mean period of catheter placement was 14.7 days. Using broad spectrum antibiotics, the therapeutic effect was obtained regardless of the numbers, morphologic characteristics, and differences in location of the abscesses. No significant complications were noted except in one case of splenic infarction.

Conclusion: Intermittent hepatic artery antibiotic infusion therapy is useful as an alternative therapeutic procedure for pyogenic hepatic abscess in which percutaneous drainage cannot be performed and intravenous administration of antibiotics is ineffective.     

Hemorrhagic hepatic complications of hepatic puncture-biopsies. Role of echography

The authors report 7 serious haemorrhagic complications of transparietal liver biopsies and define the place of ultrasonography in the prevention of certain accidents, in the diagnosis and assessment of hepatic lesions and in follow-up of the subsequent course.     

医源性肝动脉出血的急诊栓塞治疗

目的探讨医源性肝动脉出血急诊肝动脉造影的表现及其栓塞治疗的疗效。方法对25例医源性肝动脉出血患者行急诊肝动脉造影,确定出血动脉后,以明胶海绵、PVA颗粒和弹簧圈进行急诊栓塞治疗,对医源性肝动脉出血急诊造影的表现及栓塞治疗的疗效进行回顾性的分析。结果14例患者肝动脉造影可见对比剂外溢,6例为肝动脉假性动脉瘤,5例为肝动静脉瘘。25例患者栓塞术后出血停止。栓塞治疗术后随访12个月。所有患者术后无再次出血及肝脏坏死及异位栓塞等严重并发症。结论急诊动脉栓塞治疗是治疗医源性肝动脉出血的一种安全、有效的微创方法。     

Primary hepatic pheochromocytoma

Pheochromocytomas are uncommon tumors that represent a potentially curable cause of hypertension. They are usually located in the adrenal glands, but 10% arise from extra-adrenal sites, located along the paravertebral sympathetic chains. We report a case of primary hepatic pheochromocytoma responsible for a severe hypertension in a 24-year-old man. Echotomography showed a lightly heterogeneous mass located in the segment 8 of the liver. Iodine 131 — metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy showed a large hepatic concentration of the tracer and no other localization. This tumor appeared highly vascularized on enhanced CT scan and on aortic angiography. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a hepatic tumor with a high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and with a signal isointense to the liver on T1-weighted images. The hepatic venous sampling contained the highest catecholamine level, whereas the adrenal venous sampling was normal. After surgical resection of the hepatic tumor, the tension level and catecholamines plasmatic level normalized. No recurrent symptoms appeared during a 3-year follow-up.     

选择性肝动脉栓塞治疗肝海绵状血管瘤

目的;研究经肝动脉栓塞治疗海绵状血管瘤的方法和效果。方法：将导管超选择插入17例肝血管瘤的供血动脉,以碘油或超液态碘油、明胶海棉和（或）钢圈栓塞。结果：所有病例均成功实施了栓塞治疗。17例中有11例分别于术后1－12个月行CT或B超随访。瘤体缩小＞50％者8例,＞30％者2例,1例缩小不明显。全部患者中临床症状者消失者11例,明显减轻者5例,总有效率94％,术后无严重并发症。结论：超选择性肝动脉栓塞是治疗肝海绵状血管瘤的安全、有效的首选方法。     

Compression of the common hepatic duct by the right hepatic artery

Magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiography has been used wildly as preoperative examination before laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LSC). However, cases that suggested the stenotic lesion of extrahepatic bile duct are not so rare in MR cholangiography. When stenosis is found, further examination is needed to avoid the possibility of bile duct cancer. We reported a case in which the stenotic lesion was diagnosed compression of the common hepatic duct by the right hepatic artery by multislice CT (MCT) cholangiography.