基于汉明码校验的AES数据加密记录器设计

以FPGA为硬件设计平台,实现AES数据加密记录器,重点讲述了AES算法的FPGA实现。利用MATLAB软件完成算法的密钥扩展及S盒设计,使其在硬件中的设计简化为查表操作;整体算法的设计采用流水线技术,提高了加密速度。同时,设计了汉明校验码解决由于NAND Flash位翻转经加密后带来的误码扩散的问题,将最后的纠错工作设计在计算机上完成,降低对硬件读数的影响,同时提高了系统的可靠性,该设计具有一定实用价值。     

一种资源共享的快速加解密AES算法的实现

针对AES算法的特点,提出一种适用于在FPGA上实现的快速加解密资源共享的AES算法。对传统的AES加解密的s_box进行变换,使用一张查找表实现了加解密过程的资源共享,有效的节省了硬件实现面积。并对AES加解密的列混合变换进行了改进,从而达到资源共享,节省资源。本方案对轮密钥扩展,列混合变换及其逆变换等操作进行了优化处理,并在加密计算及解密计算中对S-盒,列混合变换等关键计算部件进行了复用,并且采用AES轮内流水结果和密钥并行处理,可在一块芯片上同时支持128位、192位、256位三种密钥长度的加解密算法。实验结果表明本设计相比于其他设计具有更高的性能。     

基于高层次综合的AES算法研究与设计

由于对广泛使用的AES算法的性能要求越来越高,基于软件的密码算法已经越来越难以满足高吞吐量密码破解的需求,因此越来越多的算法利用现场可编程逻辑门阵列（FPGA）平台进行加速。针对AES算法在FPGA硬件上存在的开发复杂度高且开发周期长等问题,采用高层次综合（HLS）设计方法,使用高级程序语言描述并设计AES硬件加速算法。首先利用循环展开等提高运算并行度;其次使用资源平衡技术进行优化,充分利用片上存储和电路资源;最后添加全流水结构,提高整体设计的时钟频率和吞吐量,同时也详细对比分析基准设计、利用结构展开、资源均衡以及流水线优化方法的设计。经过实验表明,在Xilinx xc7z020clg484 FPGA芯片上,最终AES算法的时钟频率最高达到127.06 MHz,而吞吐量达到了16.26 Gb/s,较之基准的AES设计,性能提升了三个数量级。     

高速全并行的AES加解密算法在单片FPGA上的实现

IPSec为了解决Internet安全问题,在IP层对信息提供了认证、加密等功能.协议中强行实施的加密算法将由AES算法取代单DES算法,完全用软件实现IPSec的处理已不能适应当前不断提高的网络速度的要求.利用硬件实现IPSec协议是必然趋势.本文在单片FPGA上实现了吞吐率为4.7Gbit/s全流水的、全并行的128bit的AES加解密算法.在不增加流水线级数的情况下,采用流水线时间借用技术实现S_Box,使AES的加密和脱密算法在单片上并行执行,提高了系统性能.     

基于Xilinx SoPC的可重构嵌入式计算系统的研究与设计

由于应用种类、实时性以及处理效率等要求,高性能嵌入式计算硬件平台需要具备相当的计算能力以及一定的适应性。为此提出了一种基于Xilinx FPGA的动态可重构的片上系统设计方案。系统采用专用硬件来执行计算密集型任务,运用动态可重构技术来支持硬件处理模块功能的动态配置。研究了Xilinx可编程片上系统上的3种硬件加速方案:CPU协处理器、PLB扩展加速器和MPMC扩展加速器。实验数据表明MPMC加速器性能最优。在Vir-tex5 FPGA器件上实现了可动态重构的MPMC加速器,以128位AES加密、解密两个功能模块为例,从硬件资源占用率、重构延时等角度考察了可重构系统的特点。     

基于FPGA的IPSec协议安全算法硬件单元设计

IPSec协议中的加解密、消息认证等安全算法的硬化实现可以显著改善关键网络设备的安全处理性能。本文采用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）设计了一个包括AES、HMAC-SHA-1等安全算法及其替换算法的IPSec协议安全算法硬件单元。仿真结果表明,本文设计的安全算法硬件单元能显著地提高IPSec协议的处理速度。     

一种用于IPSec协议的AES算法可重配置硬件实现

由于网络带宽的提高和IPSec协议的引入,有必要用硬件方式实现分组加密等计算密集型的任务以改善关键网络设备的安全处理性能和实时性.采用可重配置硬件,设计了一个用于IPSec协议的AES核;在对AES算法分析的基础上,对关键单元的硬件设计进行了优化.仿真和实验测试结果表明,本文设计的AES核在CBC工作模式下可以稳定地工作于52.6MHz,数据吞吐量达610Mbps.     

基于AES算法的存储测试系统设计

为了实现对存储测试系统在某些应用场合中数据保密的需求,提出了一种基于AES算法的数据加密系统设计方案,并完成了系统的算法仿真与硬件设计。系统的硬件以Xilinx公司的FPGA为主要芯片,实现数据采集与加密功能。采用VHDL语言来描述AES算法的硬件实现,对AES加密系统的整体结构和各个子模块进行了仿真与优化。从仿真测试结果看,完全能够满足存储测试系统的加密要求,达到了设计要求。     

基于AES的可重构加密系统的FPGA设计

针对传统软件加密方法在速度和资源消耗上的不足,提出了基于AES高级加密标准的硬件设计方案。采用了目前流行的EDA技术,在FPGA芯片上实现一种可重构的加密系统,利用硬件描述语言实现加密算法中的移位、S盒置换函数、线性反馈移位寄存器等功能,设计输入、模型综合、布局布线、功能仿真都在Altera公司的Quartus II开发平台中完成,产生的下载文件通过Cyclone系列的FPGA芯片进行测试。实验结果表明,该系统具有独特的物理安全性和高速性。     

改进的基于嵌入式SoC卷积神经网络识别模型

针对当前在FPGA上实现卷积神经网络模型时卷积计算消耗资源大,提高FPGA芯片性能代价较大等问题,提出一种改进的基于嵌入式SoC的优化设计方法。对卷积计算的实现方法和存储访问通道加以优化,以提高并行计算性能;将32位位宽的浮点数量化为16位定点数,加快前向传播的数据传输;结合硬件描述软件的高层次综合技术,将卷积神经网络映射到硬件平台成为一种同步数据流模型从而加快计算速度。通过实验证明,该方案较现有设计节约了89%的BRAM和72%的LUT,在工作频率为100 MHz的测试中,其处理速度比单独使用Cortex-A9的方案提升了42倍。     

基于小型FPGA的快速AES算法研究

AES算法在实时数据加密中的应用对其处理速度及在FPGA中实现的功耗和成本提出较高要求。针对上述情况,介绍一种基于小型FPGA的快速AES算法的改进方法,通过微处理器完成AES算法中的密钥扩展运算,同时采用共享技术实现加密和解密模块共享同一密钥。实验结果表明,该方法可有效提高处理速度,节省FPGA资源,降低芯片功耗。     

基于FPGA的GIFT分组密码算法实现

GIFT算法作为PRESENT算法的改进版本,结构上更加简洁高效,在FPGA上运行时,性能仍然存在提升空间。对此提出了一种新的实现方案,通过将算法的40轮迭代计算优化为20轮迭,并将加解密与轮密钥生成操作并行执行。在xc6slx16 FPGA平台综合后,频率可达194 MHz,吞吐量可达1.2 Gbps,消耗时钟周期21个,结果表明,所提方法相比现有工作具有更好的性能表现和更少的时钟周期消耗,实现在FPGA上高速运行是切实可行的。     

FPGA implementation of Kalman filter for neural ensemble decoding of rat's motor cortex

High performance computation is critical for brain-machine interface (BMI) applications. Current BMI decoding algorithms are always implemented on personal computers (PC) which affect the performance of complex mapping models. In this paper, an FPGA implementation of Kalman filter (KF) algorithm is proposed as a new computational method. The neural ensemble activities are recorded from motor cortex of rats performing a lever-pressing task for water reward. Kalman filter, which is used for mapping neural activities to kinematic variables, is implemented both on PC (MATLAB-based) and FPGA. In FPGA architecture, the row/column-based method is adopted for the matrix operation instead of the traditional element-based method, parallel and pipelined structures are also used for efficient computation at the same time. The results show that the FPGA-based implementation runs 24.45 times faster than the PC-based counterpart while achieving the same accuracy. Such a hardware-based computational method provides a tool for high-performance computation, with profound implications for portable BMI application.     

基于SVM概率建模的硬件实现优化算法

在2种基于一对一分类策略的支持向量机(SVM)多类概率建模算法中,Pairwise Coupling概率建模算法不适合FPGA硬件实现,而投票概率建模算法分类性能较差。为此,提出一种基于Sigmoid函数的SVM概率建模的硬件实现优化算法,该算法基于合并计算及Log-add计算方法。理论分析结果表明,该算法可避免复杂的迭代计算和大量指数计算,减少运算量,并易于FPGA硬件实现。     

FPGA implementation of highly scalable AES algorithm using modified mix column with gate replacement technique for security application in TCP/IP

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) offers a faster, increasingly adjustable arrangement. Earlier Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithms have been developed, however it could not keep up with advancement in a technology and it is no longer appropriate for security. With this motivation, this work developed an efficient FPGA implementation of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) targets to investigate a huge number of security processes followed in the TCP/IP protocol suite and to suggest a novel new architecture for the existing version. The first contribution of the studies turned into to provide the safety for packages of the utility layer protocols. The AES cryptographic encryption, decryption and key management set of rules to for the safety of transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite turned into carried out. AES is one of the maximum famous cryptographic algorithms used for records safety. The cost and consumption of power in the AES can be decreased substantially by way of optimizing the structure of AES. This research article projects an implementation based on modification in Mix column in AES techniques which gives a compact structure with efficient mix column Boolean expression the usage of resource sharing architecture and gate replacement method. The ON-chip power utilization and area overhead of the proposed hardware implementation outperforms the preceding work performed in this area. The proposed architecture have been carried out on the most latest virtex 6 lower power Field programmable gate array (FPGA), whereas overhead and on-chip utilization of power are compared with the previous works and it is proved that proposed method has lower area utilization and ON-Chip utilization of power.     

面向国产CPU的可重构计算系统设计及性能探究

为了提升国产平台的计算性能,采用国产CPU+FPGA的异构架构,设计了基于国产CPU的可重构计算系统。该系统包括基于国产CPU的主机单元和FPGA可重构加速单元,主机单元负责逻辑判断与管理调度等任务,FPGA负责对计算密集型任务进行加速,并采用OpenCL框架模型进行编程,以缩短FPGA的开发周期。为了验证该系统的性能,采用AES加密算法来测试该系统的计算性能,通过对不同长度的明文进行AES加密测试,并与CPU串行处理结果进行对比,得出：相比于单核FT-1500A CPU串行加密方式,采用可重构计算系统并行加密能够获得120多倍的加速比,且此加速比会随着明文长度的增加而成非线性增大。实验结果表明：基于国产CPU的可重构计算系统能够大幅提升国产平台的计算性能。     

FPGA implementation of full-search vector quantization based on partial distance search

This paper presents a novel algorithm for field programmable gate array (FPGA) realization of vector quantizer (VQ) encoders using partial distance search (PDS). In most applications, the PDS is adopted as a software approach for attaining moderate codeword search acceleration. In this paper, a novel PDS algorithm well suited for hardware realization is proposed. The algorithm employs subspace search, bitplane reduction, and multiple-coefficient accumulation techniques for the effective reduction of the area complexity and computation latency. Concurrent encoding of different input vectors for further computation acceleration is also allowed by the employment of multiple-module PDS. The proposed implementation has been embedded in a softcore CPU for physical performance measurement. Experimental results show that the implementation provides a cost-effective solution to the FPGA realization of VQ encoding systems where both high throughput and high fidelity are desired.     

An FPGA implementation for real-time edge detection

The Hessian matrix-based edge detection algorithm of Dr. Carsten Steger has the advantages of high accuracy and versatility. However, this algorithm has a complex and time-consuming computation process. Large-scale Gaussian convolution also employs a large number of multipliers when implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). To address these problems, an FPGA implementation for Steger’s edge detection algorithm is proposed. This implementation employs pipeline and parallel architectures at both task and data levels for data stream processing. The original kernels of Gaussian convolution are simplified with box-filter to convert the multiplication operation in the convolution into addition, subtraction, or shift operations with the concept of integral image, thereby minimizing the multiplier resources. The proposed FPGA implementation demonstrates a favorable accuracy and anti-noise capability when dealing with different degrees of blur and noise in an image. Therefore, the FPGA implementation can satisfy real-time edge detection requirements.     

Lightweight implementation of SILC,CLOC, AES-JAMBU and COLM authenticated ciphers

Authenticated encryption schemes provide both confidentiality and integrity services, simultaneously. CAESAR competition will identify a portfolio of authenticated ciphers, which is expected to be suitable for widespread adoption and offers advantages over AES-GCM. An important criterion for selecting the final candidates, besides security, is the hardware performance in resource-limited environments. In this paper, SILC, CLOC, AES-JAMBU, and COLM authenticated ciphers have been selected from the third round of the CAESAR competition for hardware evaluation. The main reasons to choose these schemes are their lightweight design, sufficient security level, and the use of the AES algorithm as their underlying block cipher. To the best our knowledge, it is the first time that an 8-bit lightweight architecture which is compatible with API v2 is presented for the selected schemes. To implement AES, the Atomic-AES v2 which is one of the smallest implementations has been adopted according to the requirements of the selected schemes. Furthermore, to reduce the area in the hardware implementation, several techniques are used, including implementing one AES core in the datapath, sharing registers to store intermediate values, implementing the tweak functions with the shuffling of wires, and implementing doubling on the GF(2¹²⁸) with 8-bit architecture to construct the higher-order multipliers. The implementation results are presented on ASIC and FPGA platforms. The proposed architecture for each scheme on the two platforms is similar, but different optimization techniques are used for each platform, e.g. the AES S-box is implemented as ROM-based and logic-based on FPGA and ASIC, respectively. The comparing of the results with 128-bit implementations shows that the area on FPGA and ASIC is reduced up to 65% and 88%, respectively. The results of the current study demonstrate that AES-JAMBU has the lowest hardware area and the highest throughput and performance on both platforms. Besides, CLOC has the highest area reduction on both platforms, compared with those of the 128-bit implementations.     

FPGA implementation and performance evaluation of a high throughput crypto coprocessor

This paper describes the FPGA implementation of FastCrypto, which extends a general-purpose processor with a crypto coprocessor for encrypting/decrypting data. Moreover, it studies the trade-offs between FastCrypto performance and design parameters, including the number of stages per round, the number of parallel Advance Encryption Standard (AES) pipelines, and the size of the queues. Besides, it shows the effect of memory latency on the FastCrypto performance. FastCrypto is implemented with VHDL programming language on Xilinx Virtex V FPGA. A throughput of 222 Gb/s at 444 MHz can be achieved on four parallel AES pipelines. To reduce the power consumption, the frequency of four parallel AES pipelines is reduced to 100 MHz while the other components are running at 400 MHz. In this case, our results show a FastCrypto performance of 61.725 bits per clock cycle (b/cc) when 128-bit single-port L2 cache memory is used. However, increasing the memory bus width to 256-bit or using 128-bit dual-port memory, improves the performance to 112.5 b/cc (45 Gb/s at 400 MHz), which represents 88% of the ideal performance (128 b/cc).