农业节水灌溉与塑料材料

概述了国内微灌技术与塑料工业的密切关系。阐述了微灌技术在节水中的作用、原理、种类、材料等。     

微灌技术在我国的应用

微灌技术在我国的发展情况、自身特点、优势和各类微灌器材在节水灌溉中的重要地位及发展方向。     

齐鲁石化两聚合物新品日前通过鉴定

青岛科技大学与齐鲁石化公司联合开发的“聚烯烃微滴灌管专用料的研制”和“可控自由基聚合法开发功能性聚苯乙烯新品种”两个项目,日前通过专家组评审验收。 聚烯烃微滴灌管专用料的研制是针对目前先进的节水灌溉技术——微灌而立项开展研究的。国内由于进口专用料的价位高及国产共混料的综合性能欠佳,使微灌技术在我国的推广应用受到很大限制。青岛科技大学研制的专用料,既有较高强度,又有良好的耐寒性,生产的管材具有耐折性和柔韧性。 可控自由基聚合法开发功能性聚苯乙烯新品种属新材料合成技术,该技术在纳米凝胶微球作为橡胶加工性能改性剂、高档核壳型微胶涂料和刚性粒     

首届“国际农业节水技术和塑料灌溉设备应用研讨会”及“喷灌与微灌规划设计、使用维修培训班”通知

为推动中国节水农业持续、快速、健康地发展 ,扩大塑料节水灌溉设备 ,特别是塑料管材的应用领域。由中国塑料加工工业协会和北京海淀农业实用新技术推广协会联合主办首届“国际农业节水技术和塑料灌溉设备应用研讨会”及“喷灌与微灌规划设计、使用维护培训班” ;讨论的中心议题是 :中国农业节水、生态环境与微灌技术的发展。具有安排如下 :一、内容(一 )、研讨会专题1 美国、以色列农业与园林灌溉设备的应用及销售2 瑞士和中国内镶式滴灌管 (带 )生产设备工艺与销售3 具有中国特色的微灌设备4 北京市沙暴的防治与速生丰产林节水技术5 新…     

DOW化学推出微灌用指纹PE

DOW化学公司推出3种新的聚乙烯树脂，用作农业微灌管道用Fingerprint PE树脂，可以改进微灌系统的性能，减少由泄漏引起的水流失。而且在树脂中加入了微量元素，作为“指纹”记号，使微灌设备制造商在安装多年后仍能识别管和滴带中DOW公司的PE树脂．其中DFDA-7510 NT是一种LLDPE．具有优异的耐环境应力开裂和爆破强度，挤出性能好；     

节水灌溉农业与塑料工业

概述了中国的水资源与农业节水灌溉的关系,讲述了塑料在渠道防渗、低压管道输水、塑料管机井、喷灌与微灌中的应用与开发,阐明了节水灌溉与塑料工业的必然联系。     

塑料节水灌溉器材在农业上的应用

概述了中国的水资源与农业节水灌溉的关系 ,讲述了塑料在渠道防渗、低压管道输水、塑料管机井、喷灌与微灌中的应用与开发 ,阐明了节水灌溉与塑料工业的必然联系。     

塑料市场

聚烯烃微滴灌管专用料和功能性聚苯乙烯新品种青岛科技大学与齐鲁石化公司联合开发的“聚烯烃微滴灌管专用料的研制”和“可控自由基聚合法开发功能性聚苯乙烯新品种”两个项目通过了专家组评审验收。聚烯烃微滴灌管专用料的研制是针对目前最先进的节水灌溉技术微灌而立项的。专用料既有较高强度 ,又有良好的耐寒性 ,生产的管材具有耐折性和柔韧性。可控自由基聚合法开发功能性PS新品种属新材料合成技术 ,该技术在纳米凝胶微球作为橡胶加工性能改性剂、高档核壳型微胶涂料和刚性粒子增韧改性剂的应用方面取得了突破 ,提高并赋予了PS新的性…     

针状焦技术进展及国内外差距分析

介绍了国内外针状焦技术进展,分析了国内外针状焦技术的差距及国内针状焦技术发展存在的技术难题,指出了国内针状焦技术今后发展的方向。     

一步法烷基糖苷的工业生产技术及进展

综述了一步法APG的生产技术路线,指出了国内工业生产过程中存在的问题。从设备技术、工艺技术和监控技术3个主要方面总结了国内现有生产企业的改进措施,展示了国内一步法烷基糖苷工业生产技术的未来发展方向。     

上海世博会罗阿案例馆种植屋面的灌溉系统设计

该文介绍了2010年上海世博会法国罗纳-阿尔卑斯案例馆种植屋面灌溉系统的构造、控制原理及设计要点,通过分析降雨量、相对湿度和浇灌用水量的相互关系,说明了浇灌用水量的影响因素及年度变化情况,阐述了节水技术在种植屋面灌溉系统中的具体实施及运用,为其他同类型项目节水设计提供了很好的借鉴。     

滴灌技术与滴灌管(带)生产技术现状与发展前景

本文概述了滴灌技术的应用状况;滴头的种类及技术特点;滴头的发展趋势。介绍了滴灌管(带)的生产技术以及国内目前的技术水平,对滴灌管(带)的生产设备的设计开发提出看法,并对滴灌技术的发展前景作了预测。     

Phosphorus Loss in Tile Drains from a Reclaimed Marsh Soil Amended with Manure and Phosphogypsum

Reclamation of Guadalquivir river marshes (SW Spain) constitutes a representative example of wetland reclamation in Southern Europe. Nowadays, this is an important area of tile-drained soils (40,000 ha) with an intensive irrigated agricultural production where high fertilizer rates are usually applied. In tile-drained soils, flow through macropores or cracks, which connect the nutrient rich topsoil with drain lines, can be an important pathway for nutrient transfer from soil. In order to study P loss in these soils and how it is affected by soil amendment usually applied in the zone (phosphogypsum and manure) an experiment was performed during two consecutive growing seasons on a reclaimed marsh soil from the Guadalquivir Valley. In the first season (1998–1999), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) was grown under sprinkler irrigation at a rate of 2.5 mm h⁻¹; in the second (2000), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was grown under furrow irrigation at 8–10 mm h⁻¹. The amendments applied included manure (30 Mg ha⁻¹), and phosphogypsum (13 and 26 Mg ha⁻¹). Drainage events were recorded, and water samples collected and analyzed for total P (TP), dissolved total P (DTP), and dissolved reactive P (DRP). Total P in drainflow ranged from 0 to 0.818 mg l⁻¹ in the 1998–1999 season and from 0 to 0.565 mg l⁻¹ in the 2000 season. The major P form in drainflow was DRP, which accounted for about 50% of TP in the two growing seasons (the mean DRP concentration was 0.068 mg l⁻¹ in 1998–1999 and 0.043 mg l⁻¹ in 2000). Dissolved organic P accounted for a higher portion of DTP in the first season (37%) than in the second (13%). A larger load of phosphorus was observed on plots receiving manure. This treatment significantly increased (P<0.05) the cumulative drainflow during the 1998–1999 growing season (sprinkler irrigation, low drainflow rates). This is consistent with the increased losses of TP, DTP, DAHP, and DRP resulting from this treatment in this growing season. In the following season, DTP loading were significantly increased by manure (P<0.05). This seems to be related mainly to significantly increased DOP losses (P<0.01), particularly during the first drainage event. The higher fraction of applied water was lost by drainage under furrow irrigation (high drainflow rates) is consistent with the high TP load during the 2000 growing season (199–285 g ha⁻¹) relative to the 1998–1999 season (20–59 g ha⁻¹). This difference in P losses was much greater than those resulting from amendment of the soil.     

迷宫式滴灌带生产及其在节水灌溉中的应用

介绍迷宫式滴灌带生产技术及其节水灌溉技术在农业生产中的应用。     

农业灌溉用UPVC管道系统胶粘剂的研制

根据西北地区农业节水灌溉施工条件,研制了适合高寒、高温等野外条件施工使用的UPVC管道系统用胶粘剂,并总结了配方调整方法,该胶粘剂具有生产工艺简单安全、成本低、粘结速率快、粘结强度高等特点,更适用于节水灌溉工程施工条件。     

英格兰和威尔士的滴灌技术

总结了英格兰和威尔士最近滴灌的使用情况,探讨了滴灌对环境和其它水的用户的潜在冲击,以及用水许可立法的变化可能对滴灌产生的影响。     

新疆天业滴灌系统的发展与创新

总结了新疆天业膜下滴灌系统10年发展历程中各阶段的特点,介绍了新疆天业研究开发出的新型滴灌系统,新疆天业新型滴灌系统过滤效率高、能量损耗小、安装简单、机耕作业便利、灌水及时,均匀度高,有利于与自动化控制系统相结合,平均亩增产6%左右、较原有系统亩综合效益增加百元以上,且系统性能高,推广应用前景广阔。     

海南省某灌区灌溉回归水水质计算

目前，在灌溉回归水的水质预测方面缺乏相关的模型和计算公式。文章以海南省某灌区为例，首先采用类比分析得到了灌区灌溉回归水水量，然后结合灌区当地气候、水文特征，借鉴土壤中养分流失公式，采用化肥中养分流失公式计算灌溉回归水中总氮和总磷浓度。通过与当地调查研究专题结果对比分析，文章的计算结果与之差别很小。文章采用的计算方法可行，计算结果较为真实的反映了灌溉回归水的水质。     

Efficiency of fertilizers as nitrogen sources to banana plantations under drip irrigation

In a field experiment with bananas under drip irrigation in the semiarid and warm Jordan Valley, on a highly calcareous soil, application of urea, ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate were compared. All treatments received equal amounts of N, P and K. The rate of growth and yield were higher on plots receiving urea and ammonium nitrate than on those receiving potassium nitrate. This was explained by a continuous balanced nitrate-ammonium-nitrogen nutrition in the first two treatments, while in the potassium nitrate treatment more nitrate than ammonium was available to the plants during the earlier growth period. Ammonium concentrations found in the soil profile indicate a partial inhibition of nitrification in the drip-irrigated system.