光纤Bragg光栅应力增敏研究

应力增敏的研究是光纤Bragg光栅传感的重要课题之一.提出了光纤Bragg光栅应力增敏的模型,推导了该模型的等效弹性模量计算公式,得到了应力与中心波长相对偏移量的关系和应力灵敏度系数表达式,表明通过适当选择弹性体的弹性模量和尺寸,就可以提高应力灵敏度系数.用弹性聚合物封装的光纤光栅理论和实验应力灵敏度系数分别是6.64×10-10Pa-1和6.14×10-10Pa-1,各为裸光纤光栅轴向应力灵敏度的57.8和54.8倍.应力灵敏度系数的理论值和实验值吻合很好.     

一种新型的光纤光栅温度增敏技术

通过氢氟酸腐蚀提高光纤布拉格光栅的应变灵敏度,再把腐蚀后的光纤光栅封装在铝套管中,结合这2种增敏效应,得到了具有更大更灵活的温度灵敏度的光纤光栅,并分析了这种封装结构的温度增敏原理.实验表明,封装后的光纤光栅在20～90℃温度范围内,其等效温度度比普通光纤光栅提高了约5.53倍,比直接铝套管封装的光纤光栅提高了约后的光纤光栅温度特性曲线具有很好的线性度,达到了0.9973,并且这种封栅,结构简单,实用性强.     

高灵敏度光纤光栅温度传感及其测试研究

本文报道了一种新颖的光纤光栅高灵敏度温度传感封装及一种高分辨率光纤光栅波长检测方法,波长变化分辨率可达0.002nm,应变分辨率为1.7με;光纤光栅增敏封装后温度灵敏性可提高7倍多,温度分辨率为0.03℃.     

光纤光栅温度增敏技术

选用热膨胀系数较大的聚合物材料,采用特殊工艺用其对裸光纤光栅进行封装,极大地提高了光纤光栅的温度灵敏度.在20～90℃范围内,聚合物封装光纤光栅的平均灵敏度系数η′=112.447×10-6℃,比裸光纤光栅增加了15.804倍;温度灵敏度为0.176 nm/℃,比裸光纤光栅增加了16倍;反射波长漂移量增加了15.95倍.裸光纤光栅和聚合物封装光纤光栅的温度响应曲线均具有很好的线性.     

金属封装式FBG传感器设计及应变传递试验

为实现对被测基体结构应变的精确测量,设计一种基于金属封装粘贴式光纤光栅应变传感器,建立了6层结构的应变传递模型,分析推导了被测基体层、基底粘胶层、封装基底层、光纤粘胶层、保护层及光纤光栅层的应变传递机理,并通过理论分析和有限元仿真对比分析了光纤光栅长度、光纤粘胶层厚度、基底粘胶层厚度、中间层的弹性模量和泊松比等主要因素对平均应变传递率的影响.根据仿真结果,确定所设计的金属封装粘贴式光纤光栅传感器的封装材质、尺寸及粘胶层厚度.最后通过设计等强度悬臂梁作为施加载荷载体,提出应变传递误差修正系数,对上述铝合金封装粘贴式光纤光栅及裸光纤光栅传感器进行了应变传递对比试验.结果表明,裸光纤光栅和金属封装式光纤光栅传感器的平均应变传递率分别为98.25%和98.15%,与仿真计算误差在0.15%~0.25%以内.     

Bragg光纤光栅压力传感器增敏技术的研究

对提高光纤光栅压力灵敏度系数的聚合物封装光栅的新方法进行了研究。推导了光纤光栅聚合物封装后的压力灵敏度系数,对如何选择聚合物封装材料进行了理论分析,并对两种封装材料进行了论证,同时,对封装过程中光纤光栅偏心度对压力灵敏度系数的影响进行了探讨。     

光纤光栅轴向应力传感模型的研究

对光纤光栅的应力传感特性进行了理论分析,提出了光纤光栅轴向应力传感的数学模型,得出了其应力灵敏度系数的理论值,并对轴向应力作用下光纤光栅的传感特性进行了实验研究,对比分析了理论与实验结果,讨论了光纤的力学参数对光纤光栅应力传感特性的影响。     

基于杠杆原理的高灵敏度光纤光栅压力传感器实验

目的为更好地扩大光纤光栅压力传感器的适用范围,设计一种基于拉伸铝片的新型高灵敏度光纤光栅压力传感器.方法应用杠杆原理实现力的增敏,并改变力的方向,使光纤光栅受力增大,从而提高压力传感器的灵敏度及线性度.通过有限元模拟仿真,将实验结果与模拟结果进行对比分析.结果新型压力传感器的灵敏度实验结果与模拟结果相近,实测拉力灵敏度为2.239×10~(-6)nm/Pa,比裸光纤增敏了730倍,其线性度为"0.99".同时通过改变杠杆的比例、材料截面、形式等因素,可以使传感器适应更多的环境需求.结论笔者设计的光纤光栅压力传感器线性度好,灵敏度高,可以满足工程实用性.     

基于边缘滤波的温度传感实验研究

利用基于长周期光栅的边缘滤波解调方法,在给出波长解调原理的基础上,对裸光纤光栅和毛细钢管封装的光栅进行温度传感实验研究.实验结果表明,在所测温度范围内,光纤光栅呈现良好的线性关系,且封装式传感头线性度更优.而后利用封装式探头进行解调实验研究,表明经边缘滤波解调后系统的精度进一步提高.     

光纤光栅传感器民机机载环境适应性分析方法

严苛的机载环境条件严重影响着光纤光栅应变传感器在民机结构状态监测中的长期应用,为了评价光纤光栅应变传感器的机载环境适应性,从机载环境条件出发,提出以传感特性的灵敏度系数、线性度、零点漂移、温度系数作为评价光纤光栅应变传感器环境适应性的指标体系,设计了环境试验前后基于等强度梁的传感器有效性测试方法,分别采用涂层封装与非金属基底封装两种封装形式的光纤光栅传感器,经历14项环境试验后暴露其存在问题对环境适应性进行分析,试验结果表明提出的指标体系能有效地评价光纤传感器失效状态,从而验证了该环境适应性分析方法的可行性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-