菠萝蜜的组织培养

选取经资源调查及品质分析后获得的优良植株的顶芽和腋芽为材料，诱导腋芽的萌发和不定芽增殖生根．结果表明：从3月下旬到5月上旬是菠萝蜜组织培养大田取材的最佳时间，该时期接种材料污染率（〈50％）及褐变率（〈5％）均较低；启动培养的培养基最佳组合是MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋KT1．0mg／L＋GA。0．5mg／L＋蔗糖20g／L，腋芽诱导率为44．6％，KT含量较高（1．0mg／L）有利于腋芽的诱导，诱导率平均为（40％）；不定芽增殖培养的培养基最佳组合是MS＋6-BA1．5mg／L＋KT0．1mg／L＋GA。0．5mg／L＋蔗糖40g／L，增殖率为2．61，蔗糖含量较高（40g／L）有利于不定芽的增殖，增殖率平均为2．34；生根培养以1／2MS＋IBA1．5mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L最好，接种8d开始生根，生根率15．8％，15d根长3～4cm，平均根数3～4条．     

福建省山樱花的组织培养及植株再生

以春季萌发的福建山樱花嫩枝为外植体诱导丛生芽 。在1／4MS＋BA1．0mg/L IBA0.1mg/L的培养基上，其丛生芽诱导率达87．5％；在继代培养中选择MS＋BA1．0mg/L IBA0.1mg/L GA30.3mg/L或KT1.0mg/L NAA0.1mg/L BA30.3mg/L培养基，不定芽增殖较快。赤霉素对其不定芽的伸长有明显效果，当芽伸长在3－4cm时，切下置于生根培养基1／2MS＋NAA1.0mg/L IBA1.0mg/L BA0.75mg/L中，生根率达90％以上，移栽成活率达95％。     

荣莉直接不定芽途径高效再生体系的建立

以茉莉的下胚轴为外植体,研究了茉莉直接不定芽器官发生途径的再生体系．结果表明：以MS为基本培养基,附加0．5mg／L BAP和0．01mg／L NAA的诱导效果最佳,其不定芽再生率高达92％,外植体平均不定芽数目为4．2．适宜不定芽增殖的最佳培养体系为MS＋1．0mg／L BAP＋0．1mg／L NAA．1／2MS＋0．5mg／LIBA＋0．5mg／L IAA＋100mg／L适于再生幼茎的生根,生根率达91％,生根后经移栽成活．     

猪笼草离体培养及植株再生研究

以猪笼草的幼嫩茎段为外植体进行离体组织培养及植株再生,研究结果表明：以液体培养基1／2MS＋6-BA1．0mg／I．＋NAA0．1mg／L对芽的初始诱导以及固体培养基1／2MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．1mg／L对不定芽的增殖效果最好,增殖率达419％;生根培养基以1／4MS＋IBA0．5mg／L＋活性碳（0．01％）为最佳,生根率可达100％．     

米邦塔食用仙人掌组培快繁技术研究

探索了米邦塔食用仙人掌组培快繁技术。得出不定芽诱导使用培养基MS＋6-BA3．0mg／L＋NAA0．1mg/L，外植体分化率达77．3％；继代增殖使用培养基MS＋6-BA1mg／L＋KT0．5mg／L＋NAA0．3mg/L，试管苗平均增殖倍数达10.19，结合反复利用原外植体的方法，增殖效率可进一步提高；生根培养基使用1／2 MS＋NAA0．1mg／L＋IBA0．1mg／L，生根率达100％，且根系发育优良；驯化及试管苗入地后，以保湿为主要管理措施，可保证移栽成活率在95％左右。     

741杨离体快繁和叶片再生体系的建立

选用741杨的茎段和生根组培苗叶片为外植体,采用不同浓度组合的BA和NAA对741杨的离体快繁和叶片再生体系进行了研究。结果表明：741杨芽增值的最佳培养基为MS＋6-BA 0．5mg／L＋NAA 0．1mg／L;最佳生根培养基为MS＋IBA 0．3mg／L;741杨叶片不定芽诱导的最佳培养基为MS＋6-BA 1．0mg／L＋NAA 0．1mg/L。试验还研究了不同着生位置的叶片以及叶片在培养基上的放置方式对741杨叶片再生的影响。     

Dn113杨树组培育苗试验初报

采用DN113杨休眠枝水培芽为外植体，进行组培育苗试验，结果表明：不同光照下萌发的芽体对不定茅的诱导率有影响，完全闭光条件下萌发的黄化芽诱导不定芽的诱导率最高；筛选出DN113杨组培育苗的适宜诱导培养基为MS＋BA1．0＋NAA0．1、适宜继代培养基为MS＋BA1．5＋KT0．5＋NAA0．15、适宜生根培养基为1／2MS＋IBA0．3＋NAA0．2。     

蒜头果组织培养再生系统的初步研究

以蒜头果（Malania oleifera）种子萌发获得的无菌苗进行离体培养的初步研究．结果表明：MS＋6-BA1．5mg／L＋NAA0．1mg/L激素组合能够较好地诱导芽的初始分化和增殖；适宜的继代增殖培养基为MS＋6-BA1．0mg/L＋NAA0．2mg/L；采用1／2MS＋IBA0．5mg/L为生根培养基，生根率为45．0％；移栽到河沙的生根苗成活率为52．5％．     

杜仲组织离体培养研究

以杜仲(EncommiaulmoidesOliver)当年生枝条的叶片、带芽茎段为外植体,基本培养基为MS,附加不同浓度的BA、KT和NAA.最佳芽诱导培养基为:MS KT1 0mg/L NAA0 1～0 5mg/L;MS BA2 0mg/L NAA0 1～0 5mg/L,最佳芽丛增殖培养基为:MS KT2 0mg/L NAA0 1～0 2mg/L;MS BA1 0～2 0mg/L NAA0 1～0 2mg/L;MS KT2 0mg/L IBA0 1～0 2mg/L;MS BA1 0～2 0mg/L IBA0 1～0 2mg/L,单芽增殖培养基:MS KT1 0mg/L NAA0 1mg/L,生根培养基:13MS KT0 1mg/L NAA0 5mg/L.     

新铁炮百合组织培养和快速繁殖研究

以日本新铁炮百合鳞茎及叶为外植体成功获得再生植株,并建立了快速无性繁殖系。鳞片和叶的最佳诱导培养基分别为MS＋0．4－1mg/L BA 0.2mg/L NAA;MS 0.1mg/L(或0．5mg/L)BA＋0.1mg/L NAA或0．5mg/L IBA。芽增殖培养基选MS＋0．2－0．5mg/L BA 0.1mg/L NAA或0．2mg/L IBA。生根培养基为1／2MS＋0．1mg/L IBA 0.1%活性炭。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-