页岩气产业资金问题及政策建议

页岩气是一种非常规的天然气资源,我国具有丰富的页岩气资源基础,勘探开发页岩气对于保障我国能源供给,促进经济长期可持续发展具有重要意义。但是,我国页岩气产业还处于发展的初期,页岩气勘探企业面临的风险巨大,应该加大政策扶持力度,重点加大对招标前区块的调查评价以降低勘探风险,以及通过政策设计使勘探企业之间形成资金循环。对于已经进入开发阶段的企业,由于其已经能够产生一定的现金流,而且获得资金支持也较容易,因此补贴政策应根据开发的经济性而定,当企业能够通过合理经营实现盈利时,补贴政策就应该取消,而对于目前页岩气开发的补贴政策,本文建议应根据开发的难易程度进行适当调整,并加入一些激励因素。     

中国煤层气与页岩气开发与优惠政策对比浅析

中国煤层气和页岩气资源丰富。全国2000m以浅的煤层气资源量36.8万亿m~3,页岩气地质资源量为134.42万亿m~3。通过对比煤层气和页岩气开发现状和政策,发现页岩气开发,特别是管网等基础设施建设相对滞后,页岩气补贴政策支持力度不够,缺乏有力、有效的财税扶持政策。为推动我国页岩气的勘探开发,加大财税政策支持力度,建议建立有市场竞争力的投资体系,促进并引导页岩气商业开发。     

世界页岩气勘探开发现状

由于美国在页岩气勘探开发中所取得的巨大成功,世界各国开始重视这一非常规资源,如加拿大、澳大利亚、英国、波兰和中国。在介绍页岩气基本概念和开发意义的基础上,重点介绍世界主要国家（尤其是美国）在页岩气勘探开发过程中所取得的重要进展。通过对比中国页岩气勘探开发现状,提出我国在油气资源对外依存度高的情况下,如何学习和借鉴国外先进的页岩气勘探开发经验,如积极与国外政府、企业、研究机构等建立联系和合作、结合我国实际地质条件建立页岩气勘探开发关键技术体系、以及加大政策扶持力度等。     

关于我国页岩气产业的思考

页岩气作为清洁能源,近来受到广泛关注。北美页岩气革命的成功,加速了全球页岩气的勘探开发步伐,中国页岩气资源潜力巨大,能源需求量大,但页岩气产业仍处于起步阶段,北美的成功经验对我国页岩气产业发展具有很大的借鉴意义。为此,回顾了北美页岩气的勘探开发历程,梳理了北美页岩气勘探中的扶持性的政策以及促进页岩气发展的市场环境,在总结我国页岩气产业发展现状的基础上,对比美国页岩气革命成功的经验,对我国页岩气产业的发展提出了几点建议：一是引进技术结合自主创新;二是转换补贴思路;三是进一步地开放市场;四是实行常规油气区块合法退出机制。立足我国的资源情况、地质条件及页岩气产业政策,对比国外页岩气勘探开发的成功经验,相信我国具有很好的页岩气勘探开发前景。     

我国加快页岩气勘探开发步伐

国土资源网消息(2011-03-29)为改善我国能源结构,国家能源局近日设立页岩气勘探开发关键技术研究项目,加大科技攻关力度,突破核心技术,旨在加快我国页岩气勘探开发步伐。我国页岩气可采资源量约为26万亿立方米,开发潜力巨大,目前页岩气专项发展规划及相关政策正在编制和研究中。     

基于ANP-GRA-TOPSIS法的中国部分省份页岩气产业风险评价研究

近年来,中国部分省级政府高度重视页岩气资源的勘探开发,试图推进本省页岩气产业发展。受地质条件、开发技术等风险因素影响,各省在页岩气开发浪潮中表现各异。为此,通过流程分析法和专家咨询法对页岩气产业风险进行了识别,并从资源风险、技术风险、经济风险、政策与体制风险、环境风险着手,构建了省级页岩气产业风险评价指标体系;建立ANP-GRA-TOPSIS综合模型,对中国12个省份页岩气产业风险进行了实证分析。结果显示:重庆市、四川省页岩气产业风险相对较低,新疆、内蒙古、云南、陕西、贵州、湖南、山西、安徽、湖北以及江苏面临的页岩气产业风险相对较高。为推动我国页岩气产业进一步发展,建议在川渝等地区加快建设页岩气勘查开发试验区,成立国家级页岩气勘探基金,构建全方位的金融支持体系等。     

世界页岩气勘探开发现状及我国页岩气发展展望

世界页岩气非常丰富.中国、美国、加拿大等国页岩气资源居世界前十位.目前美国和加拿大是页岩气规模开发的两个主要国家,由页岩气引发的“绿色能源革命”正在向全球蔓延.页岩气成为北美天然气供应的重要来源,并引起全球天然气供应格局的重大变化.我国页岩气勘探开发也受到极大重视.通过深入开展全国性页岩气资源调查、开展科技攻关、加强国际合作、加大政策扶持力度等措施,大大缩短我国页岩气开发利用的发展过程,推动我国页岩气开发利用.     

页岩气勘探开发风险分析

我国页岩气发展已取得重要进展，同时开发利用过程中的各种风险也逐渐引起人们的重视。论文针对我国页岩气资源特点，结合当前勘探开发现状，分析了当前可能存在的地质风险、技术风险、经济风险和环境风险。地质风险方面，通过开展平行试验，重点讨论了地质参数的不确定性，提出了用概率表征法来描述和分析地质不确定性。富集规律不明晰的现状和采收率低的资源特点进一步加大了地质风险。技术风险方面，分析认为，虽然我国页岩气自主核心技术水平能力不断提升，但技术的推广应用存在困难，基础设施的不完善加大了技术风险。经济风险主要来自于持续大量的投资和天然气价格波动。环境风险方面，结合国外页岩气工业发展历程，讨论了环境问题的发展趋势。论文依据我国南、北方人文、地理及地质条件的差异，初步探讨了页岩气开发对策。分析认为，在页岩气勘探开发过程中给，需进一步加强对各类风险的认识、描述及分析，开展全面的风险评价工作，以帮助决策者做出更为科学的判断。     

页岩气开发的环境影响因素研究综述

中国页岩气地质资源量丰富,我国主要盆地和地区的页岩气可采资源量为26万亿m3。当前我国正在积极推进页岩气勘探开发工作,更多的资金和政策都集中在页岩气的勘探和开发上,对页岩气勘探开发过程中可能带来的环境问题重视不够。本文梳理了美国页岩气开发过程中产生的环境问题及国内固体矿产开发中引起的环境问题,认为目前我国页岩气开发可能面临如下环境问题:土地占用、破坏与污染;水资源消耗与污染;大气污染与温室气体排放;地质灾害。并针对性的提出了一些环保建议,如探索页岩气开发新技术;建立环境评价体系;建立相关法规和应急方案。以期为中国页岩气勘探开发过程中如何处理好环境与资源的关系提供参考。     

我国页岩气勘探开发进展及前景展望

我国页岩气资源储量丰富,开发潜力巨大,2014年在重庆涪陵诞生了我国首个已探明储量超千亿m3的超大型页岩气田。近年来,国家高度重视页岩气勘探开发,出台了一系列相关政策措施,不断加大页岩气资源调查和勘查力度,目前已实现页岩气规模化、商业化开发突破。水平井钻完井多段压裂、井中微地震裂缝监测等关键技术研发实现突破并应用,装备基本实现国产化,自主勘探开发技术日趋成熟,勘查开发成本也有所降低。尽管可能还存在成本高以及环境、技术等相关的问题,但是页岩气开发已经被纳入国家战略性新兴产业,我国页岩气勘查开发产业有望进入快速发展轨道。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared