结直肠癌并肠梗阻158例临床治疗分析

目的 探讨结直肠癌合并肠梗阻的治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析158例结直肠癌合并肠梗阻病人的手术处理方法和治疗效果.结果 右半结肠梗阻48例,行一期切除吻合44例,行回肠造口术4例.其余110例低位梗阻病人中,行一期切除吻合65例,行Miles术16例,行Hartmarm术16例,行结肠造口术13例.术后低位梗阻一期切除吻...     

结直肠癌急性梗阻的外科处理(附62例报告)

目的:探讨急性结肠梗阻的处理方法.方法:回顾性总结了62例急性结肠梗阻的手术处理方法和治疗效果.结果:右半结肠梗阻21例,全部行一期切除吻合术;其余41例低位梗阻患者中31例行一期切除吻合,4例行Miles术,3例行Hatmann术,2例行单纯造口术,1例行短路加造口术,术后低位梗阻一期切除吻合患者中2例出现吻合口瘘,经治疗痊愈,无死亡病例.结论:对于梗阻时间短,肠壁水肿轻的急性左半结肠癌梗阻患者,结合术中结肠灌洗,进行一期切除吻合是安全的.     

一期切除术在急性大肠梗阻中的应用

作者报告了手术治疗急性大肠梗阻２８３例，其中结直肠癌引起的梗阻２５５例，良性病变引起的梗阻２８例。行一期切除术２０１例，其中行一期切除近端结肠造口二期肠造口闭合术４４例，一期切除吻合术１５７例。行分期手术５２例。术后生存率一期切除术优于分期手术。作者认为：（１）左侧结直肠癌梗阻情况允许时应尽量争取一期切除术，条件许可时行一期吻合术，如不能吻合则行近端结肠造口二期肠造口闭合术，一期切除吻合加保护性横结肠造口术不宜采用；（２）术中结肠灌洗对左侧结肠梗阻一期切除吻合具有重要意义；（３）结肠次全切除术适合于横结肠左侧至降结肠部位的梗阻。     

急诊手术治疗结直肠癌合并肠梗阻

目的探讨急诊一期根治性切除吻合手术治疗结直肠癌合并肠梗阻的效果。方法回顾性分析1997年2月—2009年2月急诊一期根治性切除吻合手术治疗结直肠癌合并肠梗阻112例的临床资料。结果 112例中采用右侧腹直肌切口44例,术后切口感染2例,切口感染并吻合口瘘6例;采用左侧腹直肌切口68例,术后切口感染并吻合口瘘1例。左侧腹直肌切口术后切口感染及吻合口瘘明显少于右侧腹直肌切口(P0.05)。均康复出院,无手术死亡。结论术前尽可能地明确梗阻原因、梗阻部位,采用左侧腹直肌手术切口是结直肠癌合并肠梗阻一期根治性切除吻合手术成功的重要因素。     

结直肠癌伴急性肠梗阻的术式选择

目的探讨结直肠癌伴急性肠梗阻的外科处理方法。方法回顾性分析2002年1月至2008年6月手术治疗的结直肠癌伴急性肠梗阻31例的临床资料。结果31例均经手术治疗。右半结肠癌伴梗阻13例,其中12例行右半结肠一期切除,无吻合口漏发生,另1例癌肿不能切除行捷径手术;横结肠切除一期吻合2例;一期左半结肠切除肠吻合术7例,术后发生吻合口漏1例,其中2例乙状结肠癌伴梗阻行金属内支架置入,解除梗阻后3周行一期肿瘤切除肠吻合;Hartmann手术5例,术后恢复顺利,造口排便通畅,3～6个月后均进行了顺利关瘘手术;肿瘤无法切除行单纯结肠造口4例。结论重视围手术的处理,根据急性梗阻性结直肠癌病人全身情况和局部条件合理选择手术方式。     

结直肠癌并急性肠梗阻的外科治疗(附129例临床分析)

目的探讨结直肠癌并急性肠梗阻的外科治疗原则和方法。方法回顾性分析我院1995年1月-2005年1月收治的129例合并急性肠梗阻的结直肠癌病例。在42例右半结肠癌患者中，一期行切除吻合术37例，5例因广泛转移而仅行造瘘术；在87例左半结肠癌和直肠癌患者中，68例一期行Hartmann术、二期行闭瘘吻合术，6例行一期切除吻合术，2例行乙状结肠切除吻合加横结肠造口术，3例行肿瘤切除永久性横结肠或乙状结肠造口术，8例行姑息性单纯结肠造口术。结果术中出现并发症29例(22．5％)，其中切口感染11例，切口裂开3例，肺部、腹腔、泌尿系感染各1例，心、肺、肾功能不全9例，感染性休克1例，循环功能不全1例、肺栓塞1例，后3例死亡(2．3％)，其余痊愈出院，无一例发生吻合口瘘。结论结直肠癌合并急性肠梗阻多属中晚期，手术是解除梗阻的有效方法，术式选择应根据病变部位和病情而定，做好围手术期处理是减少并发症、降低病死率的关键。     

老年性结直肠癌并急性肠梗阻38例诊治体会

目的探讨老年结直肠癌并急性肠梗阻的诊治。方法回顾性分析38例老年结直肠癌并发急性肠梗阻患者的住院资料。结果 29例行结肠癌根治切除一期吻合,3例行根治切除一期吻合近段结肠造口,1例行Hartmann术,3例行姑息切除一期吻合,1例行短路术,2例行单纯造口术。发生2例吻合口漏经保守治疗痊愈,切口感染3例,2例死于多器官功能衰竭。结论老年人结直肠癌并急性肠梗阻,只要加强围手术期处理,根据全身情况及局部条件,合理选择术式,争取行一期手术,可以获得满意的临床效果。     

结直肠癌合并急性肠梗阻的外科治疗

目的 探讨结直肠癌并发急性肠梗阻的外科治疗方法及效果。方法 回顾性分析1993年7月至2003年7月间297例结直肠癌并发急性肠梗阻行急症手术治疗患者的临床资料。结果 右半结肠癌并梗阻103例，左半结肠癌和直肠癌并梗阻194例。其中一期切除吻合126例(右半结肠一期切除吻合98例，左半结直肠一期切除吻合28例)，全结肠切除或次全切除吻合者108例，Hartmann手术36例，Dixon手术9例，回乙状结肠或回直肠吻合捷径11例，肿瘤近端肠管造瘘7例。术后出现并发症53例(17．8％)，为切口感染、腹腔感染和肠瘘；死亡17例；280例(94．3％)痊愈出院。结论 一期切除吻合和结肠次全切除及全切除吻合手术治疗结直肠癌并发急性肠梗阻，是方便可行而安全有效的。     

一期切除术在急性大肠梗阻中的应用

作者报告了手术治疗急性大肠梗阻２８３例，其中结直肠癌引起的梗阻２５５例，良性病变引起的梗阻２８例，行一期切除术２０１例，其中行一期切除近端结肠造口二期肠造口闭合术４４例，一期切除吻合术１５７例，行分期手术５２例，术后生存率一期切除术优于分期手术，作者认为：（１）左侧结直肠癌梗阻情况允许时应尽量争取一期切除术，条件许可时行一吻合术，如下能吻合则行近端结肠造口二期肠造口闭合术，一期切除吻合加保护性横结     

结直肠肿瘤并急性肠梗阻的外科治疗

目的探讨结直肠癌并急性肠梗阻围手术期的处理方法。方法回顾性分析2006年6月至2011年6月收治的97例结直肠肿瘤致急性肠梗阻患者的临床资料。结果 97例均经手术治疗。右半结肠癌伴梗阻32例,其中30例行右半结肠一期切除,无吻合口漏发生,另2例癌肿不能切除行捷径手术;一期左半结肠切除肠吻合术15例,术后发生吻合口漏1例;Hartmann手术13例,术后恢复顺利,造口排便通畅,3～6个月后均进行了顺利关瘘手术;直肠癌Dixon手术27例,低位直肠癌行Miles术10例;行单纯肠造口6例。死亡1例。术后最常见的并发症为切口感染与肺部感染。结论对于结直肠癌并急性发肠梗阻,应根据患者的具体情况决定手术时机及手术方式,左半结肠癌合并肠梗阻可考虑一期切除吻合,但要注意吻合口漏。做好围手术期的处理是减少并发症、降低病死率的关键。     

结直肠癌合并急性肠梗阻的治疗体会(附46例报告)

目的探讨结肠癌合并急性肠梗阻的治疗方法。方法回顾性分析46例结肠癌并急性肠梗阻患者的病例资料。右半结肠癌24例,全部行根治性切除并一期吻合;左半结肠癌22例,行一期吻合18例,Hartmann术2例,术后2月行二期吻合,另2例因腹腔脏器转移而仅行梗阻肠管近段造瘘术。结果1例右半结肠癌术后第7 d出现吻合口漏,再次行横结肠造瘘,术后45 d行二期吻合,余均无吻合口漏,平均随访15(3~21)个月,2例Dukes D期患者分别死于肺部转移、消化道大出血,余均存活,中位生存时间18(8~32)月,其中带瘤生存3例。结论一期切除吻合能提高晚期结肠肿瘤合并肠梗阻患者的生活质量;对于左半结肠癌伴梗阻的患者,术中行肠道清洗后再行一期吻合依然能取得较好的疗效。     

Comparison of one-stage resection and anastomosis of acute complete obstruction of left and right colon

BACKGROUND: Although acute obstruction of the right colon is usually handled by primary anastomosis following resection, many surgeons are reluctant to offer one-stage resection and anastomosis to patients with obstructive lesions of the left colon. The aim of the study is to compare the immediate result of one-stage resection and anastomosis for patients with acute complete obstruction of the right colon versus left colon. METHODS: From January 1986 to December 2003, 214 cases of acute colonic obstruction were managed with one-stage resection and anastomosis by a single surgeon. Eighty patients were operated on for obstructive lesions of the right colon, 71 of them for carcinoma of the colon. Operative mortality was 10% (8/80); all except 2 patients died of respiratory failure. There were 2 cases (2.5%) of anastomotic leakage. One hundred thirty-four patients were operated on for obstructive lesions of the left colon, 127 of them for carcinomas of the colon and rectum. Operative mortality was 1.5% (2/134); both patients died of metastasis from the colorectal cancer following surgery. There were 3 cases (2.3%) of anastomotic leakage. CONCLUSION: This experience suggests that an anastomosis can be performed as safely in patients with acute obstruction of the left colon as in those with acute obstruction of the right colon. Mortality following resection and anastomosis is actually lower in left than right colonic obstruction. Neither intraoperative irrigation nor routine subtotal colectomy was found to be necessary in patients with acute colonic obstruction. Intraoperative decompression should be considered in left and also right colonic obstruction prior to the anastomosis following colonic resection.     

对不同部位结肠癌性肠梗阻术式选择的临床研究

目的探讨不同部位结肠癌性肠梗阻的术式选择。方法回顾性分析我院2007年7月至2012年12月期间手术治疗76例结肠癌性肠梗阻的临床资料。结果Ⅰ期肿瘤切除60例,占78.9%(60/76),其中Ⅰ期吻合55例,占91.7%(55/60)。左半结肠癌占60%(33/55),其中Ⅰ期左半结肠切除吻合术51.5%(17/33),I期扩大右半结肠切除吻合术27.3%(9/33),经内镜支架置入过渡后行I期左半结肠切除吻合术18.2%(6/33);Hartmann手术5例,占6.5%(5/76),Ⅰ期单纯造瘘9例(5例Ⅱ期切除),总切除率78.9%(60/76),术后并发吻合口漏1例,治愈75例,住院死亡1例(1.3%)。结论对结肠癌急性结肠梗阻应综合分析,选择适当术式,个体化治疗。     

One-stage treatment of obstructing colorectal cancer

Large bowel obstruction is due to colorectal carcinoma in 90% of cases. The optimal management of obstructing left colonic carcinoma is still a controversial matter. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the indications for one-stage treatment of obstructing colorectal cancer. Over the period from January 1998 to June 2001, 17 patients were operated on in our department for obstructing colorectal cancer. Twelve patients underwent a one-stage emergency operation by immediate anastomosis without diversion, while five patients were managed palliatively. We performed resection and primary anastomosis following intraoperative irrigation in obstructing sigmoid cancer lacking colonic wall lesions, while subtotal colectomy was carried out in cases of massively distended colon with ischaemic lesions and in patients with good anal continence. Colostomy treatment was indicated only in high-risk patients with unresectable lesions. The authors believe that, in cases of obstructing left colorectal cancer, an experienced, skilled surgeon can perform one-stage resection and anastomosis on patients in good general condition. On the other hand, a defunctioning colostomy may be ideal for surgeons with little experience in colorectal surgery and in patients with a very poor prognosis.     

结肠癌侵犯十二指肠的手术方式探讨

目的探讨结肠癌侵犯十二指肠的手术方式,评估临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析第四军医大学附属西京医院2013年1月至2014年12月收治的结肠癌侵犯十二指肠患者共26例,结合患者不同的临床特点及手术方式进行生存分析。 结果根治性右半结肠切除术8例,根治性右半结肠切除术+十二指肠壁缺损间断全层缝合术10例,右半结肠切除、空肠十二指肠端侧吻合+空肠Roux-en-Y吻合、空肠营养管造瘘术4例,右半结肠切除、胰十二指肠切除术1例,根治性右半结肠切除、胃窦及球部切除、胃空肠吻合术1例,横结肠-回肠侧侧吻合术2例。术后除1例发生横结肠回肠吻合口瘘,未发生十二指肠瘘、胰瘘等严重并发症,12个月生存率84.6%,30个月生存率76.9%。 结论结肠癌侵犯十二指肠时,术前影像学评估、合理的手术方式选择和积极的外科处理将有助于减少术后并发症,提高临床疗效,改善预后。     

Emergency management of acute colonic cancer obstruction

Emergency management of obstructing colonic cancer depends on both tumor location and stage, general condition of the patient and surgeon's experience. Right sided or transverse colon obstructing cancers are usually treated by right hemicolectomy-extended if necessary to the transverse colon-with primary anastomosis. For left-sided obstructing cancer, in patients with low surgical risk, primary resection and anastomosis associated with on-table irrigation or manual decompression can be performed. It prevents the confection of a loop colostomy but presents the risk of anastomotic leakage. Subtotal or total colectomy allows the surgeon to encompass distended and fecal-loaded colon, and to perform one-stage resection and anastomosis. Its disadvantage is an increased daily frequency of stools. It must be performed only in cases of diastatic colon perforation or synchronous right colonic cancer. In patients with high surgical risk, Hartmann procedure must be preferred. It allows the treatment of both obstruction and cancer, and prevents anastomotic leakage but needs a second operation to reverse the colostomy. Colonic stenting is clinically successful in up to 90% in specialized groups. It is used as palliation in patients with disseminated disease or bridge to surgery in the others. If stent insertion is not possible, loop colostomy is still indicated in patients at high surgical risk.     

Colovesical fistula complicating diverticular disease: one-stage resection

Colonic diverticular disease is common in developed countries, and its prevalence increases with age. Most affected individuals remain asymptomatic throughout their lives, and relatively few patients require surgical intervention for obstructive or inflammatory complications. Colovesical fistula is the most common type (65%) of fistula associated with colonic diverticular disease. Primary resection of sigmoid colon with colorectal anastomosis performed as a one-stage procedure is its definitive treatment and can be performed safely--as simple closure, using an omental flap, or through resection and closure of bladder defect--in 90% of the patients. We report our experience with four patients suffering from colovesical fistula who were treated with primary resection of sigmoid colon and colorectal anastomosis performed as a one-step procedure. In our experience, diverting colostomy or Hartmann intervention is not recommended because of the lack of fistula definitive resolution and the possibility of additional complications.     

Intestinal occlusion caused by malignant neoplasia of the colon: surgical strategy

Malignant tumors of the large bowel become often clinically evident as an obstruction in 8-29% cases, specially the neoplasms at the splenic flexure (50%) or descending colon (25%). Different factors (urgency, age, colonic distension and lack of adequate bowel preparation) influence therapeutic choice, specially about the bowel resection and one stage anastomosis. Twenty-six patient with neoplastic stenosis of the large bowel (8 of ascending colon and proximal transverse, 5 of splenic flexure or descending colon, 12 of the sigma, 1 of the rectum) have been surgically treated. 4 patient have been subjected to right emicolectomy and ileo-transverse anastomosis; 2 to Hartman's operation; 1 to anterior resection of the rectum; 3 to left hemicolectomy and 2 to resection of the sigma with colic on table irrigation and one-stage anastomosis; 13 to colostomy; 1 to palliative ileo-colic bypass. Two patients (7.5%) died in post-operative period. In patients subjected to one-stage procedures for left colic stenosis, the Authors haven't observed major complications, but one patient developed an anastomic leakage (4%), conservative treated. In stenosis localized to ascending colon or hepatic flexure standard surgical operation is right emicolectomy. In patients affected by cancer of descending colon, the Hartmann's operation is considered the more rational procedure, even if 50% of the patients aren't reoperated on for reconstruction. The one-stage anastomosis is indicated only in selected cases, specially subjected to TPN before surgery or balancing of the metabolic parameters and to antibiotic prophylaxis. The subtotal or total colectomy is indicated when signs of colic perforation are found or when the colon is massively dilatated or there are signs of colonic necrosis or in case of other lesions of the large bowel preoperatively known.     

大肠癌致肠梗阻的外科手术治疗：附126例报告

目的: 探讨大肠癌致肠梗阻的外科手术治疗方法。 方法:回顾性分析1995年1月—2004年12月间126例大肠癌致肠梗阻外科手术治疗资料。 结果:126例患者中一期行右半结肠切除35例，一期行横结肠切除10例，一期行左半结肠切除48例，一期行左半结肠或直肠上段癌切除、近端结肠造瘘、关闭远端结肠或直肠备作二期吻合18例；肿瘤无法切除行乙状结肠或横结肠造瘘15例。术后并发症发生率13.5%（17/126），围手术期病死率4.8%（6/126）。随访统计1，3，5年生存率分别为95.1%,52.7%,38.1%。结论:重视结肠癌致肠梗阻的围手术期处理，选择合理的手术方式是提高疗效，减少并发症的重要保证。