血清Tg测定和~(131)I显像用于分化型甲状腺癌术后随访

目的　建立血清甲状腺球蛋白 (Tg)测定的正常分界值 ,以预测分化型甲状腺癌 (DTC)术后有无复发与转移。方法　采用界值特征曲线 ,分析测定 34例DTC未复发者与 5 0例复发者血清Tg值。同时对治疗剂量131I全身显像与血清Tg测定值进行比较。结果　未复发组Tg值明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,若以血清Tg 8μg/L作为判断界值 ,则 81% (39/ 48例 )的复发与转移患者可被正确预测 ,其诊断DTC复发与转移的灵敏度与特异性分别为 80 .4%和 10 0 %。结论　采用Tg正常分界值 ,可明显提高DTC复发与转移的检出率。     

99TcmO4-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT在DTC患者术后肺转移灶显影中的应用

目的探讨99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT在分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）术后肺转移灶检出中的应用。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2016年1月收治的34例DTC肺转移患者在术后131I治疗前的99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT中肺转移灶的检出情况,计算99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT检出肺转移灶的灵敏度、阳性预测值,并评估其对治疗决策的影响。结果34例肺转移患者中,2例表现为阳性（放射性浓聚+结构异常）,10例表现为可疑阳性（仅有典型肺转移CT表现）,22例表现为可疑阴性,若将可疑阳性与阳性均视为阳性发现,则99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT发现肺转移灶的灵敏度为35.3%（12/34）,阳性预测值为100%（12/12）,11例患者在后续的131I治疗中增加了剂量。结论99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT能发现部分无99TcmO₄-浓聚的肺转移灶,提高了肺转移灶的检出率;指导临床调整131I治疗剂量,改善预后。     

131Ⅰ显像及Tg值监测131Ⅰ治疗分化型甲状腺癌肺转移灶疗效的探讨

目的 探讨131I显像和Tg在监测131I治疗DTC肺转移患者疗效中的价值.方法 回顾性分析2007年6月至2011年8月收治的DTC肺转移患者50例,分别以131I显像、Tg、131I显像+Tg 3种方法监测及评价131I治疗DTC肺转移灶效果.比较131I显像肺转移灶呈弥漫性摄取和局灶性摄取患者治疗有效率的差异,计算有无肺外远处转移患者的治疗有效率.按治疗前及治疗中Tg水平将患者分为3组:＜ 100 μg/L、100 ～ 1000 μg/L和＞1000 μg/L组,比较3组治疗有效率差异.131I治疗前后Tg比较及不同组Tg间的比较采用秩和检验.独立二分类资料比较采用x2检验及Fisher确切概率法.结果 50例治疗前131I显像阴性2例,131I显像阳性48例.48例阳性患者中,治疗后11例显像阴性,24例病灶好转,有效率73％(35/48).肺转移灶呈131I弥漫性摄取与局灶性摄取者的有效率分别为69％(11/16)、75％(24/32),两者差异无统计学意义(x2=0.211,P ＞0.05).DTC肺外远处转移患者的疗效明显低于无肺外远处转移患者(x2 =3.868,P＜0.05),分别为3/10和70％(28/40).治疗后患者中位Tg水平由108.7 μg/L下降为78.3μg/L(Z=-0.698,P＞0.05).Tg升高患者17例,降低33例,按Tg判断治疗有效率66％(33/50).Tg＜ 100 μg/L组的疗效明显优于＞1000 μg/L组[80％ (20/25)与3/10,P=0.015],而100～1000 μg/L组与另外2组疗效间比较差异无统计学意义[67％(10/15),x2 =0.320,P＞0.05;P =0.111].综合131I显像及Tg结果判断,50例患者中6例临床治愈,25例好转,有效率62％ (31/50).结论 131I显像结合Tg是评价DTC肺转移131I治疗疗效的重要标准,Tg异常升高和肺外远处转移是DTC肺转移患者预后不良的因素.     

血清Tg测定和131I显像用于分化型甲状腺癌术后随访

目的 建立血清甲状腺球蛋白（Tg)测定的正常分界值,以预测分化甲状腺癌（DTC）术后有无复发与转移。方法 采用界值特征曲线,分析测定34例DTC未复发者与50例复发者血清Tg值,同时对治疗剂量131I全身显像与血清Tg测定值进行比较,结果 未复发组Tg值明显低于对照组（P＜0．05）,若以血清Tg 8ug/L作为判断界值,则81％（39／48例）的复发与转移患者可被正确预测,其诊断DTC复发与转移的灵敏度与特异性分别为80．4％和100％,结论 采用Tg正常分界值,可明显提高DTC复发与转移的检出率。     

中低危分化型甲状腺癌术后131I清甲治疗后血清甲状腺球蛋白的变化

目的 探讨患中低危DTC初次131I治疗后6个月复查131I全身显像(WBS)示阴性、刺激性Tg阳性(≥10.00 μg/L)患者Tg的转归情况.方法 回顾性分析56例按美国甲状腺学会(ATA)指南诊断其复发危险分层为中低危的DTC患者[男20例,女36例,平均年龄43.11(21～70)岁],患者均经甲状腺全切除术+131I清除残余甲状腺组织+甲状腺激素抑制治疗,均于131I治疗后6个月停用甲状腺激素,复查131I WBS均为阴性.此时刺激性Tg≥10.00 μg/L即为刺激性Tg阳性.56例中,刺激性Tg阳性组19例,阴性组37例,追踪2组131I治疗后1年及2.5年抑制性Tg变化,同时监测颈部超声表现等变化.采用SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行两样本t检验和x2检验.结果 刺激性Tg阳性组131I治疗后6个月血清刺激性Tg明显高于阴性组,分别为(24.27±4.10)与(2.73±3.01)μg/L(t=7.191,P＜0.05);阳性组中68.4％ (13/19)的患者血清抑制性Tg水平随时间呈逐渐下降趋势,131I治疗后2.5年时为(0.53±0.15) μg/L,比治疗后1年时的(1.38±0.50) μg/L低;阳性组131I治疗后1年时抑制性Tg仍高于阴性组[(2.21±0.55)与(0.48±0.10) μg/L;t=3.102,P＜0.05],至2.5年时,2组差异无统计学意义[(1.44±0.52)与(0.38±0.07) μg,/L;t=2.001,P＞O.05].2组各有l例患者治疗后2年时随访颈部超声发现肿大淋巴结(抑制性Tg分别为1.4和0.1 μg/L),经术后病理证实为淋巴结转移性甲状腺癌.结论 131I治疗后6个月刺激性Tg阳性的中低危DTC患者血清Tg水平随时间呈下降趋势,此时停用甲状腺激素行131I WBS的意义及经验性131I治疗的价值有待进一步探讨.     

外周血甲状腺球蛋白mRNA对分化型甲状腺癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨外周血甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)mRNA在分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)复发或转移中的诊断价值.方法 经术后病理检查诊断为DTC且已完全去除残留甲状腺组织,于2006年4月-2007年2月进行随访的162例DTC患者,均进行左旋甲状腺素(l-T4)替代治疗.应用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术对患者外周血中Tg mRNA进行检测,分析Tg mRNA表达阳性率与患者TNM分期等临床特征的关系;应用电化学发光免疫分析(ECLIA)仪测定血清Tg和抗Tg抗体(TgAb),分别以＞1μg/L和＞104U/L为阳性判断标准.以随访时131I全身显像、胸部X线、颈部超声、CT扫描等检查确诊病灶为复发或转移"金标准",比较Tg mRNA和Tg诊断DTC复发或转移的诊断效能.结果 外周血Tg mRNA和血清Tg监测DTC复发或转移的灵敏度分别为86.61%和53.57%,差异有统计学意义(X2=29.153,P＜0.001).52例TgAb阳性患者中,检测外周血Tg mRNA和血清Tg的灵敏度分别为86.54%和0,差异有统计学意义(X2=79.322,P＜0.001).外周血Tg mRNA的表达与TNM分期呈明显正相关(Kendall相关系数为0.515,P＜0.001),与年龄、性别、肿瘤组织学类型及转移灶的分布无相关性(Kendall相关系数分别为0.020,0.069,0.050,0.028,P均＞0.05).结论 外周血Tg mRNA可作为监测DTC复发或转移的指标,其灵敏度高于血清Tg,特别适合于TgAb阳性的DTC患者.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在Tg阳性131I全身显像阴性的分化型甲状腺癌患者中的应用价值

目的：评判18F-FDG PET/CT作为一个常规的检查工具对临床诊断怀疑为分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）复发、伴有甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）升高且131I全身显像阴性患者的价值。方法对甲状腺全切后经放射性131I去除治疗后的32例Tg升高伴全身131I显像阴性的DTC患者行18F-FDG PET/CT显像。按照Tg水平将患者分2组：H组21例（>10 ng/ml）和L组11例（2～10 ng/ml）。分别采用超声、病理学检查和临床随访对结果进行验证,评估18F-FDG PET/CT在DTC中的诊断价值。结果32例患者中,20例18F-FDG PET/CT显像阳性,其中18例真阳性,2例假阳性。在18例真阳性患者中,15例是局部复发,6例有远处转移,3例患者同时有局部侵犯伴远处转移。12例18F-FDG PET/CT显像阴性,其中真阴性4例,假阴性8例,总体灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为69．2%、66．7%和68．8%。,H组的18F-FDG PET/CT显像灵敏度（80%）、特异度（100%）和准确率（80．9%）跟L组（33．3%、60．0%和45．5%）比较均显著增加。32例患者中的18例（56．2%）的临床处理策略发生了改变,12例（37．5%）进行了指导性根治手术。结论18F-FDG PET/CT可以探测和准确定位DTC中Tg升高且131I全身显像阴性的区域复发和远处转移,因此可推荐为常规的诊断工具。     

Graves甲亢患者131I治疗后早期TRAb及TSAb变化的研究分析

目的 探讨和分析131I治疗Graves甲亢后早期促甲状腺素受体抗体(TRAb)和甲状腺刺激抗体(TSAb)的变化及其相关性。 方法 随机选择了89例Graves甲亢患者, 其中, 未行131I治疗的47例患者为对照组, 131I治疗后3个月的42例甲亢患者为观察组。两组患者均进行了血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT₃)、血清游离甲状腺素(FT₄)、TSH、TRAb、TSAb和甲状腺刺激阻断性抗体(TSBAb)的测定。FT₃、FT₄、TSH采用化学发光法测定。TRAb采用放射受体分析法测定。TSAb、TSBAb采用酶联免疫法测定。 结果 观察组和对照组中的TRAb阳性率分别为78.6%(33/42)和36.2%(17/47);TSAb、TSBAb阳性率分别为38.1%(16/42)、0(0/42)和53.2%(25/47)、6.4%(3/47);TSAb与TRAb均为阳性的病例数分别为13例、15例; TSBAb为阳性的病例数分别为0例和3例, 其中3例TSBAb阳性的患者, 2例伴有TSAb和TRAb阳性, 1例伴有TSAb阳性和TRAb阴性。 结论 131I治疗后3个月时, 多数Graves甲亢患者的血清TRAb异常增高; 131I治疗后早期异常升高的TRAb只有部分(39.4%, 13/33)显示TSAb增高, 表明131I治疗后异常升高的TRAb多数并无TSAb功能。     

甲状腺癌术后患者纵隔浓聚131I的临床分析

目的 探讨分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)手术及131I治疗后患者全身扫描(RxWBS)示纵隔浓聚131I的影像学特征.方法 收集1998-2004年收治的331例DTC术后患者共1183次131I治疗后5～7 d的RxWBS图像,所有患者至少接受2次131I治疗,结合甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)测定、其他影像学检查及临床随访结果分析纵隔浓聚131I的影像学特征及原因.结果 331例患者中最终诊断为纵隔浓聚131I者共34例,其RxWBS主要表现为纵隔点状、团块状、哑铃状或弥漫性放射性浓聚灶.其中甲状腺癌转移者21例,残留甲状腺组织8例,其余5例胸腺摄取131I患者年龄均＜45岁.结论 DTC术后患者纵隔浓聚131I可归因于甲状腺癌转移灶、甲状腺组织及胸腺摄取等.胸腺摄取131I是45岁以下甲状腺癌术后患者RxWBS假阳性的重要原因之一,血清Tg测定及131I SPECT/CT、CT增强扫描、MRI等有助于明确诊断.     

131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌转移灶中甲状腺球蛋白测定和131I-全身显像的意义

目的探讨分化型甲状腺癌转移灶治疗中131I-全身显像(131I-WBS)和甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)测定的意义。方法39例分化型甲状腺癌患者术后4～6周用131I行首次清除残余甲状腺治疗,3～6个月后重复治疗,治疗中131I-WBS和Tg测定同期完成。结果在首次清除残余甲状腺治疗时显像发现淋巴、肺及骨转移灶有11例,其余转移灶于重复治疗时发现。131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌转移灶,以淋巴转移效果最好,肺转移次之,骨转移最差。有8例患者(20.5%)Tg测定与131I-WBS不符。结论131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌转移灶效果好,患者存活率高;131I-WBS和Tg测定在分化型甲状腺癌随访中应联合应用,互相补充。     

基层医院分化型甲状腺癌131I规范化诊疗的临床体会

目的 分析安庆地区分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）的131I规范化治疗过程及现状,评价DTC在基层医院的治疗效果。 方法 收集2015年7月至2018年7月中国人民解放军海军安庆医院收治的219例DTC患者[男性48例、女性171例,年龄22~68（44.6±5.4）岁],观察131I治疗（所有患者行131I治疗前均停服左旋甲状腺素3~4周,无碘饮食,经过检查排除131I治疗禁忌后给予DTC个体化剂量口服131I治疗）后不同病理类型和是否出现转移的患者临床治疗效果,以及在治疗过程中存在的一些不规范现象;同时根据“皖西南地区核医学规范化治疗与诊断”学习班发放问卷调查表调查基层医院核医学科建设和规范化治疗开展现状,以及基层医师对DTC规范化治疗知识的掌握程度;结合门诊随访患者甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）的水平,以及甲状腺功能、甲状腺摄碘率、影像学检查的结果进行总结分析。 结果 219例DTC患者131I治疗后的平均有效率为98.6%（216/219）。在治疗过程中出现了57例患者不规范治疗现象,其中38例患者经二次手术再行131I治疗,7例转移患者经放疗或放疗后再行手术+131I治疗,8例患者“清甲”后颈部发现淋巴结转移,2例患者因促甲状腺激素（TSH）抑制不到位出现转移,2例患者（外院）未行Tg及 甲状腺球蛋白抗体的定期监测而发生转移。DTC规范化诊疗知识调查结果显示,安庆地区成立核医学的医院有2家,可以开展核素治疗的只有1家。在基层医院的医务人员中能掌握 DTC的规范化治疗知识者仅有30%（62/128） 。 随访患者Tg水平阴性187例、阳性32例,患者TSH水平控制均较理想。门诊患者甲状腺摄碘率检查结果均<1%,影像学检查结果多数为阴性。 结论 131I规范化治疗效果明显,虽然在治疗过程中还存在着一些不规范现象,但通过严格执行治疗制度,加强规范化诊疗意识,可以避免或减少不规范治疗现象的出现。     

Data on repeated (131)I-WB scans and the incidence of positive Tg and negative (131)I-WBS in DTC patients from a 24 months study

We present data on repeated iodine-131 whole body scans ((131)I-WBS) in differentiated thyroid cancer patients (DTC) after surgery and (131)I remnant ablation and on increased thyroglobulin (Tg) with negative (131)I-WBS, in a retrospective study at our hospital. A total of 106 patients (91 female and 15 male) treated with (131)I for DTC met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 45 years, age range 16-81 years. A total of 101 patients had complete 24 months follow-up following (131)I remnant ablation treatment. The mean (131)I dose administered after the first 6 months of follow- up was 3GBq while mean total dose was 4.9GBq, range 1.1-7.4GBq. Our results showed that at the end of the first 6 months post treatment, 58/101 patients had a negative (131)I-WBS. By the end of the 4th (131)I treatment at 24th months, the remaining 43 patients became negative for (131)I-WBS. We found increased Tg and negative (131)I-WBS in 2 of the 101 patients at the 24th months examination the so called Tg elevated negative (131)I-WBS (TENIS syndrome). The possible explanation of this syndrome is discussed. In conclusion, our study in DTC operated patients does not support the use of repeated diagnostic (131)I-WBS after an undetectable Tg because we found no Tg rebound in patients with negative (131)I-WBS, after 24 months of follow-up with serial measurements of Tg on and of suppression with L thyroxine.     

The early detection of metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer using 131I total body scan and treatment with 131I

With the purpose of achieving early detection and performing 131I therapy for metastatic lesions of differentiated thyroid cancer, we studied the clinical findings in 132 patients who underwent 131I total body scanning (131I TBS) between 1981 and 1990. Metastatic lesions were detected only by 131I TBS in 24 (18%) of the 132 patients. Of the 49 patients treated with 131I for metastases, 27 (55%) underwent total thyroidectomy and then had their metastatic lesions treated by 131I less than one year later. In the remaining 22 patients (45%), the metastatic lesions were treated with 131I from 1 to 31 years (mean: 8.4 years) after the initial thyroidectomy. We determined the optimal timing of 131I TBS following radical thyroidectomy to be 3-4 weeks by sequential measurement of the serum thyroid hormones, TSH, and Tg, and determination of the 123I uptake in residual or metastatic cancer of the neck after thyroidectomy. 131I TBS with simultaneous serum Tg determination were performed in 52 patients with metastases. Scans were positive in 43 of the 52 (83%) and the serum Tg level was greater than 10 ng/ml in 46 of the 52 (88%). Serum Tg was elevated in 9 patients with negative scans, while low Tg levels were found in 6 patients with positive scans. 131I therapy was effective in 49 of the 65 treated patients (75%), including 5 cures. Two patients worsened and 6 died. These 8 patients were all older than 56 years of age. Post-therapeutic 131I TBS demonstrated unsuspected metastatic lesions in 7 patients and had a higher detection rate for metastatic lesions than diagnostic 131I TBS. We conclude that 131I TBS with simultaneous Tg determination should be performed to detect metastatic lesions in all patients following positively total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer, and that 131I treatment should be given when positive 131I uptake is detected in metastatic or residual cancer.     

131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌术后患者辐射剂量预测模型的研究

目的 探讨131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）术后患者全身辐射剂量代谢的影响因素,为辐射防护提供指导。 方法 回顾性分析2018年4至9月于3家三甲医院住院的72例DTC术后患者[男性27例、女性45例,年龄15~75（42.79±14.23）岁]的临床资料,其中同济大学附属第十人民医院23例、上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院24例、华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院25例。根据服用131I后48 h全身辐射剂量是否达到安全标准将患者分为安全组（48 h全身辐射剂量≤23.30 μSv/h）和危险组（48 h全身辐射剂量>23.30 μSv/h）,比较各因素对全身辐射剂量代谢的影响。计量资料的组间比较采用成组t检验或Wilcoxon秩和检验;计数资料的组间比较采用卡方检验或Fisher确切概率法。对各变量进行单因素分析,对单因素分析中差异有统计学意义的变量采用多因素Logistic回归分析。以各单因素及多因素联合指标绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线,评估其最佳临界值及诊断效能。 结果 危险组和安全组比较的单因素分析结果显示,甲状腺2 h摄碘率（t=?2.56,P=0.01）、24 h摄碘率（Z=?2.07,P=0.04）、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸（Z=?2.83,P=0.01）、游离甲状腺素（Z=?2.70,P=0.01）、甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）水平（χ2=6.80,P=0.01）、甲状腺超声提示是否存在甲状腺残留组织（Fisher确切概率法,P=0.03）等6个指标显著影响了131I治疗DTC术后患者的全身辐射剂量代谢。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,24 h摄碘率[OR=1.27（95%CI:1.03~1.57）]和Tg水平[OR=2.51（95%CI:1.21~5.20）]对全身辐射剂量代谢有影响（P=0.03、0.01）,24 h摄碘率和Tg水平越高的患者其48 h全身辐射剂量达到安全水平的可能性越低。24 h摄碘率+Tg水平（联合指标）诊断的ROC曲线下面积为0.76（95%CI:0.65~0.87）、灵敏度为94.87%、特异度为46.88%、最佳临界值为?0.71。 结论 24 h摄碘率和Tg水平是131I治疗DTC术后患者全身辐射剂量代谢的影响因素,利用这两个因素建立联合指标进行辐射剂量评估可为调整患者住院时长提供参考。     

Low levels of serum thyroglobulin after withdrawal of thyroid suppression therapy in the follow up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma

We evaluated the reliability of very low serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels (less than 3 ng/ml) obtained after withdrawal of thyroid suppression therapy in 224 patients without anti-Tg antibodies, who had undergone total thyroidectomy (125 patients) or thyroidectomy followed by 1 or more courses of 131I therapy (99 patients), by performing whole body scans after a therapeutic course of 131I given at the same time of Tg measurement. In 79 patients (35%) a positive scan, associated with a very low level of Tg, was noted. The 131I uptake was limited to the thyroid bed in 60 patients, but metastases were demonstrated in 19 patients (8.5%). These results are mainly explained by the much improved performance of scintigraphy after administration of therapeutic doses of 131I. In the majority of patients, especially those whose 131I uptake was limited to the thyroid bed, further scans were negative. Therefore, in these cases, negative Tg values can generally be considered an early indication of satisfactory evolution. However, in 8.5% of all cases, very low Tg levels were associated with metastases. Thus the follow up of thyroid cancer should not rely only upon Tg determination, even after suppression therapy withdrawal.     

中高危DTC患者术后较高剂量131I治疗后疗效反应的影响因素分析

目的 探讨无转移的中高危分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）患者术后给予较高剂量131I治疗的疗效及其影响因素。 方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年12月于山西医科大学第一医院行DTC全切术后的378例中高危DTC患者的临床资料,其中男性103例、女性275例,中位年龄45（13~85）岁。所有患者均在术后给予首次131I清甲和（或）辅助治疗,剂量3.70~5.55 GBq。同时131I治疗前行术后残留甲状腺99TcmO₄?显像,治疗后2~7 d行131I治疗后全身显像（Rx-WBS）。所有患者在131I治疗后至少6个月进行随访,中位随访时间16.3个月。依据2015年美国甲状腺协会（ATA）指南的疗效反应评估体系进行术后131I治疗疗效反应评估并分析影响因素。采用Spearman秩相关分析评估术后残留甲状腺99TcmO₄?显像靶/非靶比值(T/NT)与Rx-WBS评分的相关性;采用Mann-Whitney U检验、χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法分析所有观察指标在疗效满意（ER）组与疗效欠佳（nER）组间的差异是否有统计学意义;采用Logistic回归分析影响预后ER的独立危险因素,并绘制ROC曲线,获得最佳诊断临界值。 结果 ER组与nER组间在肿瘤最大径、术后刺激性甲状腺球蛋白（psTg）水平、N分期、术后与首次131I治疗间隔时间的差异均有统计学意义（Z=?7.127、?2.702,Fisher确切概率法, χ2=6.783,均P<0.05）;年龄、性别、被膜受累、肿瘤多灶性、T分期、复发风险分层、首次131I治疗剂量、TSH水平、尿碘水平、甲状腺99TcmO₄?显像半定量指标T/NT、131I Rx-WBS评分的差异均无统计学意义（Z=?1.505~?0.664, χ2=0.064~5.501,Fisher确切概率法,均P>0.05）。Spearman 秩相关检验分析结果显示,99TcmO₄?显像T/NT与Rx-WBS显像评分呈中度相关(r=0.530,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,psTg水平是预后ER的独立危险因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示,psTg水平预测ER的最佳临界值为5.90 ng/ml、灵敏度为83.76%、特异度为59.81%。 结论 给予较高剂量131I治疗的中高危DTC患者,不论甲状腺99TcmO₄?显像提示残留甲状腺多少均可以得到同样的ER比率;且术后2个月内行首次131I治疗,可能获得更好的治疗疗效。另外,psTg是预测无转移中高危DTC患者临床ER的独立危险因素。     

99mTc-sestamibi and 131I whole-body scintigraphy and initial serum thyroglobulin in the management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

99mTc-sestamibi whole-body scanning has been used in the postoperative assessment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma together with 131I whole-body scanning and serum thyroglobulin (Tg) estimation. This study compared 99mTc-sestamibi whole-body scanning with 131I whole-body scanning in the context of initial serum Tg levels of patients after total or near-total thyroidectomy who were taken off thyroxine suppression therapy and who had no 131I ablation before surgery. METHODS: A prospective study of 360 patients was undertaken. 99mTc-sestamibi whole-body scintigraphy was performed at least 5 wk after thyroidectomy and was followed by 131I whole-body scanning. The patients had no thyroxine suppression for 5 wk, and Tg was measured thereafter. Radiologic studies (chest radiography, CT, MRI, sonography, and bone scanning) and histopathologic examinations were performed to clarify the presence of metastases with positive uptake on either 99mTc-sestamibi scans or 131I whole-body scans. Positive scans were defined as those with the presence of thyroid remnants, lymph node disease, or metastases. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-nine (71.9%) of the 360 patients had initial serum Tg levels < 30 ng/mL (group 1), whereas 101 (28.1%) had initial serum Tg levels > or = 30 ng/mL (group 2). Of the 259 group 1 patients, 82 had positive 99mTc-sestamibi scans and 113 had positive 131I scans; 71.7% of patients with positive 1311 scans also had positive 99mTc-sestamibi scans, and 98.8% of patients with positive 99mTc-sestamibi scans also had positive 131I scans. Of the 101 group 2 patients, 81 had positive 99mTc-sestamibi scans and 97 had positive 131I scans; 83.5% of patients with positive 131I scans also had positive 99mTc-sestamibi scans, and all patients with positive 99mTc-sestamibi scans also had positive 131I scans. Of those with initial serum Tg levels > or = 30 ng/mL (group 2), 27.2% had thyroid remnants and 68.8% had lymph node disease or metastases. 131I scanning detects more thyroid remnants and lung metastases than does 99mTc-sestamibi scanning. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that, compared with 131I scanning, 99mTc-sestamibi scanning is less sensitive in detecting thyroid remnants and lung metastases but appears to be more useful in the detection of lymph node disease before initial 131I treatment.     

Value of technetium scintigraphy and iodine uptake measurement during follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer

Measurement of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels and I-131 whole body scintigraphy (WBS) are used in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). This study was designed to evaluate the significance of persistent I-131 uptake in the thyroid bed in patients with DTC following surgery and/or radioactive iodine ablation. Tc-99m thyroid scintigraphy (TS) and I-131 thyroid uptake (IU) were also performed to determine their clinical impact on patient management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-two non-metastatic patients (14 men, 48 women) with a mean age of 44 years (range: 16-75) who had undergone surgical thyroidectomy for DTC were evaluated prospectively. All patients had undergone technetium and iodine scintigraphy (IS). Although serum Tg levels were measured in all patients, IU was available in 36. RESULTS: Tg values were in the range of 0.2-24 ng/ml (median: 0.2 ng/ml) when patients were in the hypothyroid state. I-131 WBS detected residual tissue in the neck in 30 patients (48%); however TS was positive in only 12 (19%). I-131 uptake in the thyroid bed ranged from 0 to 14% (median: 0.1%). Twelve of 13 patients with positive IS and negative TS had uptake values < or = 0.3% (p < 0.00001). When IU values were < or = 0.3%, 54% of our patients did not have any uptake in the thyroid bed on TS or IS, whereas when IU was > 0.3%, 80% of patients had neck uptake on both TS and IS (p < 0.00001). CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that the concordance of IS and TS depends on the IU level after suspension of replacement therapy. Measurements of IU and TS are of considerable value in evaluating patient response to therapy and will substantially reduce the need for repetitive radioiodine scans and unnecessary treatment doses in patients with undetectable Tg values.     

18F-FDG PET/CT对Tg阳性且131I-WBS阴性的DTC复发患者的诊断效能:Meta分析

目的 系统评价18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET/CT对甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）表达阳性（简称Tg阳性）且131I全身显像（WBS）结果阴性（简称131I-WBS阴性）的分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）复发患者的诊断效能。 方法 检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和万方数据知识服务平台、中国知网、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于18F-FDG PET/CT对DTC复发患者诊断的相关研究,检索时间从建库至2020年12月。根据纳入和排除标准筛选文献,提取研究的基本特征和诊断参数,采用Spearman相关系数分析文献是否存在阈值效应,对纳入文献进行异质性Q检验,采用Deeks线性回归分析法评价文献的发表偏倚。绘制综合受试者工作特征（SROC）曲线,计算曲线下面积（AUC）,采用Z检验分析行诊断性全身显像（Dx-WBS）与治疗性全身显像（Rx-WBS）的患者18F-FDG PET/CT诊断效能的差异,并分析在促甲状腺激素（TSH）刺激状态与抑制状态下18F-FDG PET/CT诊断效能的差异。 结果 最终纳入16篇文献,共1 036例DTC复发患者,纳入研究的异质性较低（I2=47.5%,P=0.018）,异质性可能源于病例数（r=1.462,P=0.021）,存在较小的发表偏倚（P=0.070）。18F-FDG PET/CT诊断Tg阳性且131I-WBS阴性的DTC复发患者的合并灵敏度为0.87（95%CI:0.82~0.91）、特异度为0.79（95%CI:0.68~0.86）、阳性似然比为3.76（95%CI:2.32~6.09）、阴性似然比为0.20（95%CI:0.14~0.27）、诊断优势比为23.89（95%CI:13.23~43.12）、SROC的AUC=0.91（标准误0.02）、Q指数为0.837（标准误0.023）。行Dx-WBS与Rx-WBS的DTC复发患者18F-FDG PET/CT诊断效能的差异无统计学意义（Z=0.041,P>0.05）。在TSH刺激状态与抑制状态下,行Dx-WBS与Rx-WBS的DTC复发患者18F-FDG PET/CT诊断效能的差异均无统计学意义（Z=1.864、0.525,均P>0.05）。 结论 18F-FDG PET/CT对Tg阳性且131I-WBS阴性的DTC复发患者具有较高的诊断效能,行Dx-WBS与Rx-WBS、在TSH刺激状态与抑制状态下患者18F-FDG PET/CT的诊断效能均相当。     

分化型甲状腺癌合并桥本甲状腺炎患者血清TgAb水平检测的临床价值

目的 分析经手术+131I清甲治疗后血清甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TgAb）阳性且合并桥本甲状腺炎（HT）的分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）患者的预后,并观察TgAb水平的变化及其与预后的关系。 方法 对2013年5月至2016年10月本院收治的141例经手术+131I治疗后血清TgAb阳性（>115 IU/mL）的DTC患者进行回顾性分析,其中男性14例、女性127例,年龄15~74（40.86±11.21）岁。根据DTC患者是否合并HT分为DTC合并HT组（G1组,n=49）和DTC不合并HT组（G2组,n=92）。比较2组在疾病持续或复发率方面有无差异,同时分析TgAb水平变化及其与疾病预后的关系。DTC患者中位随访时间为22（12~56）个月。2组间预后评估及TgAb趋势分析采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法;不同组间TgAb水平及其变化差异采用Mann-Whitney U秩和检验。 结果 G1组患者年龄比G2组小,且差异有统计学意义（t=?2.275,P=0.026）,其他临床及病理资料均无统计学意义。G1组患者疾病持续或复发率（3/49,6.12%）明显低于G2组（20/92,21.74%）,且差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.712,P=0.017）。G1组患者手术+131I治疗前后TgAb水平呈下降趋势的比例（46/49,93.88%）明显高于G2组（60/92,65.22%）,且差异有统计学意义（χ2=14.073,P<0.001）。G1组患者中TgAb水平下降的疾病持续或复发率（1/46,2.17%）低于TgAb水平持续或上升（2/3,66.67%）,差异有统计学意义（Fisher检验无检验值,P=0.008）;G2组患者中TgAb水平下降的疾病持续或复发率（4/60,6.67%）低于TgAb水平持续或上升（16/32,50.00%）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=23.034,P=0.000）。G1组术前TgAb水平、手术+131I治疗前后TgAb下降水平及下降率均大于G2组（558.70 IU/mL vs. 352.35 IU/mL,398.09 IU/mL vs. 124.84 IU/mL,85.15% vs. 41.43%）,差异均有统计学意义（U=1581.00、1210.00、1113.00,均P<0.05）。 结论 手术+131I清甲治疗后血清TgAb阳性且合并HT的DTC患者的预后较好,TgAb水平的变化趋势可作为DTC患者疾病预后的监测指标。