渡槽排架结构人工激励模态试验分析

开展渡槽排架单向单输入多输出SIMO(Single Input Multiple Output)法、双向多输入多输出MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)法人工激励模态试验,选用特征系统实现法识别纵向、横向、双向模态参数,结果表明,单向SIMO法稳定图绝大多数谱峰明显、模态识别效果较好,纵向模态比横向丰富、识别效果好;双向MIMO法纵向谱峰大多数明显,横向除双向第2阶(即横向第1阶)谱峰明显外,其他基本很小,尤其是横向模态频率接近纵向时,甚至无谱峰,只识别出纵向模态;排架结构以排架柱弯曲振动为主,纵向低阶、高阶模态横梁分别以平动或转动刚体振动、弯曲振动为主,横向模态横梁为平动或不动刚体振动;两种方法识别出的模态频率误差较小,模态阻尼在正常范围,但双向MIMO法部分横向模态未能准确识别。从识别精度、试验工作量及操作便捷性而言,排架结构人工激励模态试验选择单向SIMO法优于双向MIMO法。     

一种改进的特征系统实现算法及在智能结构中的应用

针对多输入／多输出特征系统实现算法（ Ｅ Ｒ Ａ），提出了一种改进算法，这种算法通过以递推形式形成一个对称半正定阵，采用特征值分解代替奇异值分解，并采用相关滤波的方法对测量数据进行预处理以提高识别精度。本文还将其用于具有密集模态的空间智能桁架的模态参数识别中，以建立受控数学模型，对改进算法运算量的理论分析与应用实例表明，该算法的运算速度可提高５～１０ 倍，是一种较好的多输入／多输出模态参数识别算法     

识别结构模态参数的神经网络方法研究

提出了在输入未知时基于频率呼应函数用神经网络识别结构模态参数的方法,并研究了不同的噪声水平和网络输入层点数目对网络输出误差的影响。讨论了网络对不同阶数模态参数的识别精度。数值结果表明此方法是可行的。     

基于神经网络的贮仓结构参数识别

利用神经网络技术，提出了识别结构物理参数的一种方法。用单元刚度矩阵基本值和模态应变能来选择基本模态，用修正的Latin超立方采样技术和模态准入准则来产生网络的输入数据。贮仓在动载作用下的自振频率和模态作为网络的输入，子矩阵参与系数作为网络的输出，用Levenberg-Marquardt算法训练网络。仿真计算表明，方法是可行的。     

高拱坝泄流激励下基于频域法的工作模态参数识别

水工结构的模态参数是评估在役水工结构运行状态的指标之一,水工结构运行状态健康诊断的核心技术之一就是如何通过各种技术手段获取结构的模态参数指标.研究高拱坝在泄流激励荷载作用下,仅利用结构输出响应识别结构工作模态参数.首先,对高拱坝泄洪诱发振动的激振荷载特性进行了研究;其次,分别建立了以典型水流脉动荷载和白噪声荷载作为输入激励的悬臂梁动力响应数值模型,仅利用输出响应识别了悬臂梁的模态参数,并对识别结果进行了对比分析,论证了以水流脉动荷载作为未知输入仅利用流激振动响应进行结构工作模态参数识别的可行性.最后以二滩拱坝泄洪振动原型观测数据为基础,对二滩拱坝的泄洪工作模态参数进行了识别并评估了该拱坝的泄洪动力性态.     

用卡尔曼滤波技术识别振动系统参数

本文提出了利用卡尔曼滤波技术识别线性定常振动系统参数的方法。首先,将系统动力学方程转化为离散的可观标准型状态方程,为了应用卡尔曼滤波技术,再将一个单输入多输出系统的标准型参数识别问题转化为若干个单输入单输出系统的状态估计问题。接着,介绍了三组实用的滤波公式,以及选取滤波器所需的初始信息的方法。然后列出了由滤波得到的标准型参数求得振动系统复模态参数和固有模态参数所用的转换公式。最后对本文提出的公式进行了讨论,并给出了一个模型的模拟试验结果。     

基于声辐射模态的Η∞解耦控制器设计

根据声辐射模态的特点提出四组控制力布置方法。在此基础上采用Η∞算法设计了四个独立的控制器,控制前四阶声辐射模态的伴随系数使辐射声功率最小化。该方法能够将复杂的四输入/四输出控制系统转化为四个独立的单输入/单输出系统,从而使得每组控制力可以单独控制对应阶声辐射模态的伴随系数。模拟仿真结果表明,该方法能够实现系统解耦控制,使辐射声功率明显降低。     

结构模态参数识别讲座

第四讲时域识别识别结构模态参数的频域方法是通过输入、输出数据得到频响函数(或传递函数),然后由传递函数数据在频域内识别模态参数。这类方法有直观、准确、物理概念清楚等优点,因此常用于结构动态特性的分析中,特别是单点激振模态分析中,一般是在停机(离线)状态下进行。时域识别方法是一种近代的参数识别方法,它直接利用输入、输出的时间历程数据进行参数识别,不必将时域数据转换为频域数据,因此可以不用FFF装置,这是它的优点之一。另外在时域法中还发展了利用环境激振数据(或运行测试数据)进行识别,这时可以不要输入数据(因为输入数据往往是不知道的),这是它的优点之二。但不完整的数据(缺少输入数据)不能进行完整的识别,它不能识别完整的模态参数和结构参数。因此也有人将频域方法和时域方法结合起来研究。     

基于环境激励的大跨度斜拉桥模态参数和索力识别

摘要：模态参数和索力是评估斜拉桥健康状态的关键参数。建立了崖门大桥的有限元模型并对其进行了基于环境激励的模态测试和拉索振动测试;提出了基于ERA的多参考点稳定图算法,设置不同的参考点,利用自然激励技术结合特征系统实现算法(NExT-ERA)识别模态参数,通过阻尼比、基于输出矩阵的一致模态指标(CMI_O)和模态置信度(MAC)作为判别标准,识别出崖门大桥的竖向和横向模态参数,通过和增强频域分解法(EFDD)识别结果的比较,可知该算法具有良好的识别效果;分析了斜拉索与主梁的共振频率范围,通过二次拟合识别较长拉索的低阶频率,根据两种不同方法的索力识别结果可知,该桥的索力分布比较均匀对称。     

随机激励下基于ICA的结构模态参数识别

简要介绍独立分量分析(ICA)的基本原理,提出将ICA方法与随机减量法(RDT)结合起来用于随机激励下结构的模态参数识别。结合数值仿真算例和振动试验分析,验证所提出方法用于随机激励下结构模态参数识别的有效性。结果表明,ICA可以准确地从结构随机振动响应信号中分离出各源信号,并同时估计出各阶模态振型向量,源信号与结构模态坐标存在一一对应关系,再结合随机减量法和单模态识别法可识别各阶模态的频率和阻尼比。该方法仅利用振动系统的输出响应进行分析,适用于随机激励下结构的工作模态参数识别。     

Cruciform specimens' experimental analysis in ultrasonic fatigue testing

In this paper, two special aluminium cruciform specimens are designed and tested in an ultrasonic fatigue machine. They were designed based on Single‐Input‐Multiple‐Output (SIMO) modal analysis to induce in‐plane biaxial stress combinations (in‐phase tension‐tension [T‐T] and out‐of‐phase compression‐tension [C‐T]) when at resonance at 20 kHz. The geometries were subjected to both numerical analysis and experimental testing to understand if they can indeed create the intended biaxial state of stresses. Both numerical and experimental results showed an impact of nearby resonant modes of noninterest on the correct functioning of the specimens, especially regarding the T‐T specimen where a large deviation from the mode of interest was measured. This means that future work includes re‐designing T‐T specimens taking into account these mode shapes. Only out‐of‐phase specimens demonstrated to work properly and tests until failure were conducted. The first failure results showed to be consistent with literature when out‐of‐phase biaxial stress is applied cyclically.     

大型桥梁模态参数识别的一种方法

提出一种综合运用经验模态分解(EMD)与随机减量技术(RDT)来识别大型桥梁模态参数的方法。首先利用EMD将桥梁在环境激励下的非平稳响应分解成一系列准平稳的本征模函数(IMF)分量,然后用RDT从中提取自由衰减响应,最后将该自由响应表达为一般解析形式,综合运用参数识别理论、最优估计理论识别出桥梁结构的多阶模态参数。利用南京长江大桥实测动力响应识别该桥的模态参数,并将识别结果与有限元分析结果及有关实测值进行比较,表明该方法具有很好的识别精度,适用于大型桥梁的模态参数识别。     

Theoretical and empirical approaches to quantitatively valuing research

Abstract

This article provides historical narratives describing approaches to studying, managing, and quantitatively valuing research; methods used by industry, particularly the pharmaceutical industry and approaches taken by economists, including government economists using the Leontief Input–Output framework. The article documents the persistent belief that research expenditures generate future economic value along with the equally persistent frustrations of attempting to measure such value, particularly for basic research. The article then discusses the results of applying the Leontief method to Association of University Technology Manager (AUTM) data. Strengths and weaknesses of these approaches are noted. Additional studies and calls for data capture are suggested and the potential benefits of such efforts are described.     

A simultaneous iterative procedure for the Kron's component modal synthesis approach

A simultaneous iterative procedure for the Kron's component modal synthesis method is developed in this paper for fast calculating the modal parameters of a large‐scale and/or complicated structure. To simultaneously improve the precision of all the concerned modal parameters, the modal transformation matrix is chosen as the iterative term. For a faster convergence rate, the reduced system matrices are consistent with the modal transformation matrix. With a mathematically proved consistency and reasonably justified convergence, the proposed method can provide highly accurate results after a few iterations. The implementation details are presented for reference together with some computational considerations. Compared with other methods for obtaining modal parameters, the proposed method has such merits as high computational efficiency and still in a substructuring scheme. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate and validate the proposed method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于时频滤波的时变模态分解方法

应用非平稳信号的时频滤波进行多自由度时变线性系统的模态分解。将基于Gabor展开的时频滤波 方法引入多自由度线性时变结构模态参数辨识中,提取单模态响应分量。对线性时变系统在白噪声激励下振动响 应的单模态响应进行提取,通过对附加质量随时间连续变化的悬臂梁的单模态响应分离来验证分解方法韵有效 性。实验研究结果和理论计算结果表明:方法为参数时变的线性系统的模态分解提供了一条新的途径。     

一种分布式联合输入输出排队结构及其调度算法

分析论证了分布式联合输入输出排队(DCIOQ)结构模拟输出排队调度的充分条件,提出了一类满足这一条件的调度算法,并从工程实现的角度给出了这类算法的一种简易实现方案。与传统方案相比,该方案不仅具有高的带宽利用效率和良好的调度公平性,而且工程实现复杂度较低。     

动力电池组管理系统单总线测温技术研究

介绍了DSP控制器TM32 0LF2 4 0 7的数据输入 输出模块 (I O)以及数字式温度传感器DS18B2 0的性能特点与结构 ,并结合实际应用设计出了在动力电池组管理系统中利用DSP的I O口和DS18B2 0实现单总线测温的实际电路图以及具体程序流程图。     

A Study of Nonlinear Effects in a Cushion‐Product System on its Vibration Transmissibility Estimates with the Reverse Multiple Input–Single Output Technique

The Reverse Multiple Input–Single Output (R‐MISO) identification technique was implemented to determine vibration transmissibility frequency response functions (FRFs) of a cushion‐product system that accounts for nonlinearities known to exist in such systems. The signed quadratic x|x| nonlinear term was used. The results were compared with the classical linear approximation FRFs calculated with the single input–single output identification method. Comparisons were made for five types of expanded polystyrene (EPS) cushions with varying density and two levels of band‐limited random excitation. It was shown that vibration transmissibility FRFs obtained with the R‐MISO method and with the inclusion of a signed quadratic x|x| nonlinear term significantly (up to ~70%) improved the total coherence of the nonlinear vibration transmissibility FRFs for the EPS cushions subjected to the static load selected to coincide with the optimum of their respective cushion curves. The R‐MISO technique was successful in accounting for some of the nonlinearities in the EPS cushion‐product system. However, its ability to deal with nonlinearities is not specific to the EPS but rather common to cushion‐product systems subjected to vertical vibrations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

应用时域ITD法分析大型露天煤矿斗轮挖掘机斗臂的动态特性

本文采用 Ｉ Ｔ Ｄ 法识别大型露天煤矿斗轮挖掘机斗臂的模态参数,分析斗轮臂的动态特性,从而为结构设计提供参考或改进建议。并为时域识别方法应用于大型复杂结构的模态参数识别,奠定了一定的基础。     

Integrated facilities design using a contour distance metric

The unequal area facility design problem has been studied in the literature generally by considering block layout separate from detailed design. This paper shows a tractable method for concurrently optimizing department shape and location within the facility, and selection of the appropriate number of Input/Output (I/O) stations per department and then optimally locating them. The distance metric used is the contour distance that measures transport between I/O stations along the perimeters of departmental boundaries. This distance metric better reflects allowable material flow for many industrial applications and it directly implies the optimal aisle structure for the facility.