英语六级考试阅读理解的应试技巧

英语六级考试所应具备的阅读理解能力和应试技巧的培养不是一朝一夕的事。笔者从理论和实践的高度出发,结合具体实例,探讨了应试时的阅读理解过程、解题方法和阅读技巧等问题。     

Reading Ages and NFER Reading Tests

The article outlines some practical and theoretical weaknesses of the concept of ‘reading age’. It considers ambiguity in the computational methods for determining the ‘average’ reading age and the tendency for a reading age to become a fixed property of a pupil rather than an estimate of his standing, relative to time of testing and choice of test. A theoretical standpoint is taken that insufficient is known about the way a reader develops for his attainment to be given a developmental or age‐based score. It is further suggested that in any case the relationship between age and reading development is imperfect. This point is developed further when the assumption of a linear pattern in reading development is criticized. It is further suggested that insofar as reading does follow chronological age an age‐adjustment in the scale used to express attainment is highly desirable. Practical considerations such as selection of reading material, comparison with other educational tests and the assessment of reading progress, are mentioned. The article concludes with a brief resume of the problems associated with reading ‘quotients’ and designating children as ‘under‐achievers’.     

Reading with Adam

Most teachers will accept that some of their most difficult problems in teaching reading are occasioned by those children who have already failed at the process. Negative views about reading and, often, negative self-images can combine to cause intractable problems. In this article, Margaret Cooper describes her work with one such child and relates how she was able to get beyond his problems to allow him to experience success in reading. Her work, although done on a one-to-one basis and out of a school context, will still be found useful by teachers trying to find ways to teach children with reading problems.     

窄式阅读与外语阅读教学

"窄式阅读"是指学习者通过阅读同一风格、同一主题或某位作家的多部作品来提高阅读能力的一种策略.本文介绍了窄式阅读的理论来源--克拉森的"输入假设"理论以及有关窄式理论的一些实证研究,阐述了窄式阅读有利于学习者词汇和背景知识的积累,是一项有效的二语习得策略,如果这一策略被应用到外语阅读课教学当中,也将会对教师有很大启示.     

论阅读课的词汇教学

词汇教学对于提高学生的阅读理解能力有着非常重要的作用。然而,阅读课中词汇的教学却是许多老师面临的一个十分棘手的问题。本文试图从词汇选择开始,探讨如何在阅读课中使用语义图、语境等策略实施词汇教学,老师如何教学生通过构词法扩大词汇量,以期对教师和学生都有所启发。     

语文阅读教学的困境与出路

当前,中学语文的课堂阅读教学存在着功利性阅读、负载式阅读、囿于文本阅读等一些误区,这些阅读的理念和方法已经严重地影响了阅读教学的向度、自由度和深度。深入剖析这一现状,并在此基础上,提出了如何超越功利、内化素养、提升能力,如何给阅读松绑、还原阅读的本色以及如何立足文本、超脱文本并深度生成的新出路。     

Reading and expressive aphasia: A case study

This study describes a case of developmental expressive aphasia where the acquisition of basic reading skills was associated with a parallel improvement in language functioning generally, suggesting a central nervous system interaction and structural transfer at the syntactic‐symbolic level. The study implies that in cases of expressive aphasia where there is some impairment of syntactic structuring, it may be possible to stimulate the formation of such an organisational capacity by direct teaching intervention through a reading programme that emphasises grammatical features of language. Furthermore, the observed outcomes of the reading program in this case can be explained in terms of Chomsky's theory of language acquisition and Luria's theory of the regulative function of speech on neural organisation. The study, therefore, has implications both for a more complete explanation of the nature of aphasic dysfunction and for the effective use of reading as a form of language therapy.     

英语泛读教学与大学生的阅读能力培养

阅读能力的培养在大学英语教学中占有极其重要的地位，本文阐述了在大学泛读教学中，教师应传授阅读策略，使学生掌握预测、推断、跳读、略读、猜词等阅读技能，培养学生良好的阅读习惯，从而提高大学生的阅读能力和阅读水平。     

小学生语文阅读能力培养分析

阅读是学生获取知识的有效渠道,阅读能力也是体现学生语文素养的重要表现形式。以往小学语文阅读课堂的开展往往忽略了学生阅读能力的培养,学生阅读能力的发展受到了消极影响。新课程标准提出之后,对小学生的阅读量等一些基本的阅读素养有了更高的要求,如何提高小学生的阅读能力成为当前语文教学的重要内容之一。     

What Hands May Tell Us about Reading and Writing

Reading and writing are increasingly performed with digital, screen‐based technologies rather than with analogue technologies such as paper and pen(cil). The current digitization is an occasion to “unpack,” theoretically and conceptually, what is entailed in reading and writing as embodied, multisensory processes involving audiovisual and ergonomic interaction with devices having particular affordances. Highlighting the sensorimotor contingencies of substrates and technologies — how movement and object manipulation affect perception, experience, and sensory “feel” — this article presents an embodied approach to reading, writing, and literacy, using three cases of digitization as illustrations of some educational implications: (1) beginning writing by hand or by keyboard; (2) dialogic reading with iPads and print picture books in kindergarten; and (3) deep reading of long, linear texts on paper and on screens.     

发展性阅读障碍眼动研究的进展

发展性阅读障碍一直是心理学家关注的重要领域。国外研究者基于认知和生物因素提出了关于发展性阅读障碍的语音缺陷、小脑缺陷、一般性大细胞功能障碍等理论,并考察了患者的眼动特征,提出了有效的诊治方法。汉语发展性阅读障碍研究主要局限在语音和正字法领域,也涉及局部脑区的功能缺陷,但还未从多角度测查其成因,如眼动。该文在理论梳理的基础上,系统探讨了发展性阅读障碍患者的眼动特征及机制。     

CET公共英语考试阅读理解部分应试技巧

CET考试中阅读理解部分相当重要，在考试中，考生应注意掌握一定的阅读方法，把握阅读速度，应用机应的阅读技巧，以便在答题中准确、快捷的找到答案，提高考试成绩。     

阅读在英语写作教学语篇环节中的作用

英语写作教学与阅读有着非常密切的关系。根据一些学者的研究分析,中国学生在英语写作中语篇错误比较突出,而阅读在文章主题思想的表达、段落主题句的写作以及信息粘合性等语篇环节中起着重要的范文作用。通过学习阅读文章进行写作教学可以有效地提高学生的语篇水平。     

小学语文个性化阅读教学的误区及对策

新课标指出不应以老师的分析代替学生的个性化行为阅读实践,但在实际的教学过程中由于有的教师把握不好,产生了各种各样的误区,主要表现为变味的个性阅读,肤浅的课程整合,空泛的拓展延伸等。如何纠正这一误区?教师要在尊重学生独特的阅读体验,搭建民主自由的阅读平台,重视文本意义的阅读感悟等方面做出努力,还学生真正的个性化阅读。     

The Underlying Factors of Word Reading Rate

The discovery of the acceleration phenomenon and the contribution of reading rate as an independent variable to the quality of the reading process brought about a systematic research project that examined the underlying factors of word reading rate. Word reading requires processing information in the visual and auditory modalities and relies on word recognition skills such as phonological and orthographic decoding. Therefore, it is believed that speed of processing of some subset of the above sub-processes affects word-reading rate. By using experimental manipulations relying on both electrophysiological (ERPs) and behavioral measures, the sub-processes that are activated in word reading can be distinguished and shown to differentiate between the early perceptual, the central cognitive, and the motoric stages of activation. Results indicate that word reading rate is related to basic speed of processing in the modalities activated during the reading process. However, the processing level within each modality that contributes to self-paced and fast word reading rate differs according to age and the efficiency of reading skills.     

基于主题阅读的有效英语口语输出

主题阅读材料、英语教师及学生在基于主题阅读的有效口语输出活动中起着不同的作用。教师应发挥其引导作用,选取学生可理解的、感兴趣的材料,调动学生积极参与,使其主导作用得以落实。以有效口语输出为目的的主题阅读不仅使教师的教学目的更为明确,而且学生的阅读和口语表达能力也将得到提高。     

数字化阅读的现状及其趋势

通过研究我国数字化阅读发展的现状,表明数字化阅读是大众阅读的一种重要方式,在一定程度上改变了图书馆馆藏和服务模式,成为出版产业产值的重要增长点,但在技术和管理方面仍存在一些问题,如质量不高、版权纠纷、标准不一、价格较高等。只有在政府引导、科技支撑、教育参与等多种因素合力作用下,数字化阅读才能有广阔的发展前景。     

幼儿早期阅读教育之我见

幼儿早期阅读潜能的开发对于个人阅读能力的发展具有重要的意义。但存在以识字代替阅读、无教育指导等误区。根据幼儿早期阅读的意义和目的,针对当前存在的一些误区提出了相应的策略,以帮助幼儿走出阅读误区,建立正确的阅读理念,提升早期阅读教育的质量。     

Lap Reading for Young at-Risk Children: Introducing Families to Books

Many at-risk children do not experience lap reading to the degree their more advantaged peers do. To investigate the effects lap reading might have on such children, three families with at-risk children were taught lap reading techniques and were provided with books for lap reading over a 12- to 16-week period. Changes in the children's behavior included choosing books and reading as free-time activities, developing positive attitudes toward books, and persisting in attending to books in the face of other activity choices. Additional outcomes included an increase in higher level questions asked by the children, some improvement in their oral language, and an increase in literacy-specific knowledge. Lap reading is recommended as a tool for parents to increase instructional motivation for their at-risk children.     

中高级汉语阅读教学中的自然阅读概括训练

在中高级汉语阅读教学中进行自然阅读概括训练,能够更好地扩展学生的阅读视域,促进篇章概括分析能力的提高,弥补课堂阅读活动中的缺失,有助于解决中高级汉语学习的瓶颈问题,提升留学生阅读认知能力,实现汉语教学的整体目标。在训练过程中,教师应在以下几个方面对学生进行引导和训练：其一,教师应为学生的阅读提供一些选择与参考;其二,教师应培养学生全面阅读的意识;其三,教师应鼓励学生进行与课堂阅读文本的相关性阅读;其四,教师应根据不同学生的认知特点对学生的阅读进行调控;其五,对学生阅读概括策略进行训练;其六,重视学生阅读成果的展示、总结与评估。